钻井工程期末总复习单词汇总双语

第1页,钻井工程理论与技术总复习,第2页,绪论,（一）概述（二）钻井技术的发展（三）钻机的系统组成（四）一口井的建井过程,第3页,绪论,explorationwellproductionwell钻井方法drillingmethod钻井设计welldesign钻井质量drillingquality顿钻钻井cabledrilling旋转钻井Rotarydrilling旋转钻井钻机RotaryRig动力系统(PowerSystem)旋转系统(RotatingSystem)提升系统(HoistingSystem)循环系统(CirculatingSystem)井控系统(WellControlSystem)监测系统(monitoringSystem),第4页,绪论,直井straight/verticalwell定向井directionalwell水平井horizontalwell浅井shallowwell深井deepwell超深井ultradeepwell特超深井super/extradeepwell多底井multi-borewell丛式井clusterwellormultiplewells转盘钻井Rotarydrilling顶驱钻井topdrivedrilling井下动力钻井holebottompowerdrilling,第5页,主要内容:第一节地下压力特性第二节岩石的工程力学性质,第一章钻井的工程地质条件,第6页,岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanicalpropertiesofrock岩石的弹性模量elasticmodulusofrock岩石的泊松比rockPoissonsratio岩石的切变模量shearmodulusofrock岩石的体积压缩系数coefficientofbulkcompressibility抗拉伸强度tensionresistance抗压缩强度compressiveresistance抗剪切强度shearingresistance抗弯切强度bendingresistance抗拉强度tensilestrength抗压强度compressivestrength岩石的抗剪切强度rockshearstrength抗弯bendingresistance？,第一章钻井的工程地质条件,第7页,脆性岩石brittlerock塑性岩石plasticrock岩石塑性系数coefficientofplasticityofrock地应力insitustress围压confiningpressure有效应力effectivestress压持效应chipholdeffect岩石的可钻性drillabilityofrock岩石的研磨性rockabrasiveness地层水formationbrine比重specificgravity,第一章钻井的工程地质条件,第8页,静液压力hydrostaticpressure钻井液压力drillingfluidcolumnpressure孔隙压力porepressure(formationfluidpressure,Formationporepressure)地层破裂压力formationfracturepressure上覆岩层压力overburdenpressure基岩应力matrixstress压力梯度pressuregradient压力监控pressuredetectionandcontrol异常压力及其形成abnormalpressureanditsformation地层破裂压力预报方法formationfracturepressureprediction漏失试验法leak-offtest,第一章钻井的工程地质条件,第9页,压力异常abnormalpressure压实作用compaction欠压实undercompaction不渗透围栅permeabilitybarrier地层压力检测方法methodofformationpressuredetection地震资料法seismicdatamethod机械钻速法penetrationratemethodd指数法d-exponentmethoddc指数法dc-exponentmethod声波时差法acoustictraveltimenegativedifferentialpressurepositivedifferentialpressureUnder-balanceddrilling,第一章钻井的工程地质条件,第10页,岩石的塑性plasticofrock密度densityporepressure、matrixstress、overburdenpressure,第11页,主要内容：第一节钻头钻头的类型及工作原理钻头的选型及分类方法钻头的合理使用第一节钻柱钻柱的组成及功用钻柱的工作状态及受力分析钻柱设计,第二章钻进工具,第12页,浮力buoyancy单位进尺成本costpersinglefootage钻柱drillstem/string钻铤drillcollar钻杆drillpipe方钻杆kelly钻头bit稳定器stabilizer起钻tripin下钻tripout复合钻柱combinationstring中性点neutralpoint刮刀钻头dragbit牙轮钻头cone,第二章钻进工具,第13页,稳定器stabilizer钻压WOBPDCbitPounding，cutting，abrasion超顶、复锥和移轴coneoverhang,multiplyconeandoffsetaxisdrillstringaxialstress,第14页,第三章钻井液,（一）钻井液的定义和功用（二）钻井液的组成和分类（三）钻井液的性能（四）钻井液的固相控制（五）井塌及防塌措施（六）油气层保护及完井液,第15页,钻井液drillingfluids/mud水基钻井液water-basedrillingfluids淡水钻井液fresh-waterdrillingfluids低固相钻井液lowsolidsfluidsAPI滤失量APIfiltration滤失filtration静滤失量staticfiltration动滤失量dynamicfiltration瞬时滤失量instantaneousfiltration滤饼filtercake含砂量sandcontent钻井液固相含量solidscontentindrillingfluids,第三章钻井液,第16页,流变方程rheologicalequation幂律流体powerlaw钻井液流变性drillingfluidsrheology漏斗粘度funnelviscosity触变性thixotropicbehavior静切力gelstrength初切力initialgelstrength终切力10-minutogelstrength固相控制solidcontrol钻屑cutting砂sand泥silt流变方程rheologicalequation幂律流体power假塑性流体pseudoplasticfluid,第三章钻井液,第17页,第一节钻进过程中各参数间的基本关系第二节钻进参数优选第三节水力参数优化设计,第四章钻进参数优选,第18页,钻进drilling/penetrate钻进技术drillingtechnology钻进技术参数drillingparameters钻压weightonbit悬重stringsuspendingweight钻重drillingweight转速rpm-revolutionperminute排量rateofflow进尺footage喷嘴nozzle喷射距离jetlength,第四章钻进参数优选,第19页,开钻spudin完钻finishingdrilling送钻bitfeed机械钻速penetrationrate鳖钻bitbouncing跳钻bitjumping喷射钻井jet-bitdrilling射流jetflow冲击射流impactjetflow清洗井底bottom-holecleaning,第四章钻进参数优选,第20页,射流喷速jetvelocity射流冲击力jetimpactforce射流水功率jethydraulic-power钻头压降bitpressure-drop钻头水功率bithydraulichorse-power泵的额定功率、压力和排量Pumpratedpower,ratedpressureandrateddisplacementYoungsdrillingrateequationFivespotmethodJetdrillinghydraulicparametersfreejet,第四章钻进参数优选,第21页,钻井泵的工作状态theworkingregimeofdrillingpump钻井泵的最大排量工作状态（额定工作功率工作状态）themaximumflowrateregimeofthedrillingpump(theratedpowerregimeofthedrillingpump)钻进过程的数学模型mathematicalmodelfordrillingprocedure钻速方程equationfordrillingrate五点法钻速试验“fivespot”drill-offtest喷射钻井jetdrilling水力参数hydraulicparameter目标点targetbulls-eye岩屑悬浮cuttingsuspending,第四章钻进参数优选,第22页,井斜角inclination/deviationangel方位角azimuthangle井斜变化率rateofinclinationchange方位变化率rateofazimuthchange井眼曲率holecurvature、doglegseverity垂深和测深verticaldepthandmeasureddepth水平投影长度horizontalprojectionlength水平位移horizontaldisplacement涡轮钻井turbo-drilling涡轮钻具turbo-drill满眼钻具packedholeassembly钟摆钻具pendulumassembly钟摆力pendulumforce,第五章井眼轨道设计与轨迹控制,第23页,轨迹trajectory造斜kickoff增斜build-upsection降斜dropoffsection稳斜holdsection增斜和稳斜buildandholdsection造斜点kickoffpoint造斜点深度kickoffdepth井身垂直投影图verticalprojectionofborehole井身水平投影图horizontalprojectionofborehole平均角法averageanglemethod曲率半径法radiusofcurvaturemethod圆弧法arcmethod,第五章井眼轨道设计与轨迹控制,第24页,welldepth，inclinationandazimuth?build-and-holdtrajectorykick-offrateofbuildKick-offpoint(KOP)verticalholedeviatedorslantholedirectionaldrillingMWDTVDAverageanglemethod、Correctionaverageanglemethod、Radiusofcurvaturemethodverticalsection,buildupsection,holdsection、drop-offsection.toolfaceangle,第25页,第六章油气井压力控制,第一节井眼与地层压力系统第二节地层流体的侵入与检测第三节地层流体侵入控制,第26页,地层井眼系统的压力平衡balanceofformation-boreholesystem地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalentdrillingfluiddensity钻井液当量循环密度equivalentcirculatingdensity波动压力（激动压力）surgepressure抽汲压力swabbingpressure溢流overflow井涌kick井喷wellblowout地下井喷undergroundblowout井喷失控outofcontrolforblowout正压差positivedifferentialpressure负压差negativedifferentialpressure,第六章油气井压力控制,第27页,关井shutin防喷器blowoutpreventer地面管汇surfacedrillpipe环形空间annulus压井killingwell硬关井hardclosing软关井softclosing压井方法killingwellmethod工程师法（等待加重量法）engineersmethod司钻法（二次循环法）drillersmethod、drillerskillingwellmethod防喷设备和工具blowoutpreventiontoolsandequipments套压、立压annuluspressure，standpipepressure,第六章油气井压力控制,第28页,主要内容:第一节井身结构设计第二节套管柱的设计第三节注水泥技术第四节完井技术,第七章固井与完井,第29页,套管程序casingprogram导管conductor表层套管surfacecasing技术套管intermediatecasingstrings生产套管productioncasing尾管line钻井尾管drillingliner生产尾管productionliner套管接箍casingcoupling套管柱casingstring,第七章固井与完井,第30页,套管柱下部结构casingaccessories引鞋guidingshoe套管鞋casingshoe套管扶正器centralizer前置液aheadfluid隔离液spacer水泥浆slurry注水泥方法cementingmethods常规注水泥法typicalprimarycementing双级注水泥法twostagecementing,第七章固井与完井,第31页,套管的外载荷outsidecasingload套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapsepressure套管轴向力axialload套管强度casingstrength套管抗挤强度collapseresistance套管抗拉强度tensileresistance套管抗内压强度burstresistance下套管runningcasing活动套管movingcasing,第七章固井与完井,第32页,完井方法completionmethods裸眼完井法openholecompletion先期裸眼完井法initialopenholecompletion后期裸眼完井法finalopenholecompletion射孔完井法perforationcompletion衬管完井法slottedlinercompletion砾石充填完井法gravelpackcompletion窜槽cementchanneling尾管固井drillinglinercementing尾管悬挂器drillinglinerhangerwellheadequipmenttubingheadcasingheadChristmastree,第八章固井与完井,第3