选修八 unit4 Grammar过去分词作状语

Unit4Grammar,ThePastParticipleastheAdverbial,过去分词作状语,单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;,Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.,Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.,1.过去分词作定语,一、激活原有知识,=whichwerebuiltin1980s.,过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。,红色字体作什么语法成分？,C,A,2.Iborrowedabook_byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite,1.Didyouattendthemeeting_yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld,激活,Practice,3.Canyouseethat_(破了的窗户)?,brokenwindow,2.过去分词作表语,1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。,2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。,Theglassisbroken.,Thewindowsareclosed.,激活,TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.,ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.,WhenWangQiangreachedalargemarket,he_.A.waslosingB.gotlosingC.grewlostD.gotlost2.Dontplaywithfireoryouwillget_.A.burntB.burningC.toburnD.burn3.看到他们队赢了高二（）班的学生很兴奋.ThestudentsofSenior2Class6_toseetheirteamwin.,D,A,wereexcited,Practice,激活,过去分词作宾补,Ifoundourschoolchangedalot.Iwanttogetmyhaircuttomorrow.,激活,动作已经完成。,被动.,红色字体作什么语法成分？,.表示？,.表示？,1.表“希望，要求”的动词以如下结构出现：want,wish,expect,wish,like,order,Ourheadteacherorderedtheclassroomclean.,2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：,see,hear,feelwatch,notice,find,WeheardClass6praise(表扬)bytheheadmasteryesterday.,PeoplefoundthewaterinOujiangRiverpolluting.,IwantthehomeworkhandbyFriday.,下列兰色句中划线部分单词用得对吗？如果不对请改正。,handed,cleaned,praised,polluted,+sth.done,sth(tobe)done,3.使役动词make,get,have,keep+sth.done,Iwanttogetmycellphonetorepairtomorrow.,4.介词短语作宾补with,without+sth.done.,Doyouknowtheteacherwithhishaircuttingshort?,Theyleftwithoutatheirhomeworkfinish.,finished,cut,repaired,组a、表示时间,Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.,Whentheearthisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.,组b、表示条件,Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.,Ifthesevegetablesarekeptinrefrige,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.,思考：句中划线部分表示什么，起什么作用？,二、探究与体验：请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并学会模仿。,作状语,组c、表示原因,组d、表示伴随情况,组e、表示让步,Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.,Astheyweredeeplymoved,thechildrenbegantocry.,Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.,Shewalkedoutofthehouse,andshewasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.,Beatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.,Althoughhewasbeatenbytheenemy,herefusedtoletoutthesecret.,-ed分词作状语,1.-ed分词短语做状语可表示_等意义。这种-ed分词短语相当于一个_，若-ed分词作状语，分词的主语通常是整个句子的主语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成_，即是该分词动作的承受者。,时间、地点、原因、,条件、让步、伴随,时间、地点、原因、条件、,让步等状语从句,动宾关系,2.-ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词_等，以便明确作何种状语。,when,if,once,though,unless,虽然输了，但我们并没有泄气。,_(=_),wewerenotdiscouraged.,Thoughbeaten,一旦尝过一次，这道菜的美味就难以让人忘怀。,_(=_),thedishishardtoforget.,Oncetested,Thoughwewerebeaten,Onceitistasted,哪里发现老鼠，就在哪里把它消灭。,Ratsshouldbewipedout_(=_).,wherefound,wheretheyarefound,3.过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于:过去分词与句子主语构成_,而现在分词与句子主语构成_。判断正确：（T/F）Seeinginthislight,thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.Seeninthislight,thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.,动宾关系,主谓关系,F,T,4.过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但有些过去分词（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);absorbedin(全神贯注于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)等。如：Absorbedindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。,由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具有此用法。如：frightened,satisfied,tired,disappointed等。,Surprisedatwhathadhappened,Tomdidntknowwhattodo.,分词的独立主格结构,当分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，分词可以有自己的独立主语，二者构成独立主格结构。其构成为：名词或代词的主格+分词其功能为：在句中作状语其位置为：句首，句中或句末,Ourhomeworkdone,wewenthome.Theboylayonhisside,hiseyesclosed.Herglassesbroken,shecouldntseethewordsontheblackboard.Toomuchtimegiven,hewoulddoitbetter.Timereduced,hefinishedtheworkontime.,时间,伴随,原因,条件,让步,()1._moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.(90全国)A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven.()2.Thecomputercenter,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool(93全国)A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened,A,D,高考链接：,Practice(20m),()3._inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(96全国)A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose,C,()4._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.(01全国夏)A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered,A,()5.Theresearcherissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(02全国)A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun,D,()6._in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.(00上海)A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding,C,()7.When_,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.(02上海春)A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted,A,()8.Dontusewords,expressions,orphrases_onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.(02上海)A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known,D,()9.Unless_tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.(03上海春)A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited,A,()10.Friendshipi