原创 高中定语从句...未完待续

1.Who_hascommonsensewilldosuchathing?A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that2.Alltheapples_felldownwereeatenbythepigs.A.thatB.thoseC.whichD.What3.Illtellyou_hetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all4.Thisisthebiggestlaboratory_wehaveeverbuiltinourschool.A.whichB.whatC.whereD./5.IsOxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Isthereanything_toyou?A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs,whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。在口语或非正式文体中，whom可省略或可用who来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。Therearesomepeople(whom/who)welikeandothers(whom/who)wedislike.有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。（定语从句分别修饰先行词people,others）Thepeople(whom/who)Iworkwithareallfriendly.和我一起工作的人都很友好。（定语从句修饰先行词thepeople）Mr.Carter,whomIspoketoonthephonelastnight,isveryinterestedinourplan.昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。（非限制性定语从句中不能用who代替whom）Twomen,neitherofwhomIhadeverseenbefore,cameintomyoffice.两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。（在介词后面不用who）,1.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_Ihadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these2.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_weremadeofsmalldiamonds.A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich3.Weshouldntspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_arehealthy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom4.Weshouldntspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,andmostof_arehealthy.,whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词。Therearesomepeoplewhosefacesyoucanneverforget.有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词people）Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackbecauseofthepollutedair.我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。（定语从句修饰行词trees）,1.Mr.Herpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswho_inChina.A.worksB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hasbeenworking2.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyone_familywaspoor.A.thatB.whichC.whosD.whose3.Pleasepassmethedictionary_coverisblack.A.whichB.whichofC.itsD.Whose4.Thatscientist_workissuccessfulhasbeenmadeamodelworker.A.whichB.whoC.whosD.whose,Aperson_e-mailaccountisfullwontbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever2.Manychildren,_parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom,1which引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句，相当于andthis。Jimpassedhisdrivingtest,whichsurprisedeverybody.吉姆通过了驾驶考试，这使大家都感到惊讶。（定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是thedrivingtest）Sheilacouldntcometotheparty,whichwasapity.希拉不能来参加聚会，真遗憾。（定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是theparty）2which在非限制性定语从句中有时也可以作定语。Johnstayedhereforaweek,duringwhichtimewevisitedtheWestLaketogether.约翰在这里呆了一星期，在此期间我们一起游了西湖。Itmightsnowthisweekend,inwhichcasewewontgotoBeijing.周末可能下雪，在这种情况下，我们就不去北京了。,Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itTheyvewontheirlastthreematches,_Ifindabitsurprisingactually.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which3.TheScienceMuseum,_wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondonstouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where,1asas可以在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语。在限制性定语从句中，as可跟在由such,so,thesame修饰的先行词之后。Suchmenasheardhimweredeeplymoved.听过他说话的人，都会深受感动。（as在定语从句中作heard的主语）Iveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。（as在定语从句中作tell的宾语）Heliftedsoheavyastoneasnooneelsecanlift.他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。（as在定语从句中lift的宾语）,比较：在thesameas结构中，as也可用that代替。但严格地说，thesameas强调相同，thesamethat注重同一。Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的衣裙。（as指的是与先行词相似的同类事物）SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMaryswedding.她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。（that指的是与先行词同一事物）,在非限制性定语从句中，as可代表主句整个句子，引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，一般用逗号与主句分开。Aseveryoneknows,TaiwanbelongstoChina.众所周知，台湾属于中国的领土。Heisfromthesouth,aswecanknowfromhisaccent.他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。必背：一些由as引导的定语从句常位于句首，已形成了固定的说法。asisknowntoall这是众所周知的ashasbeensaidbefore如前所说asisoftenthecase情况常常如此asmaybeimagined这可以想象得出ashasbeenpointedout正如已经指出的那样asoftenhappens这种情况常常发生,2butbut作关系词只能引导限制性定语从句，同具有否定意思的主句连用，相当于thatnot,whonot或whichnot。Thereisnotasinglestudentinmyclassbutwouldliketostudymore.我班上没有一个学生不愿意多学一点的东西的。（but=whonot）Thereareveryfewbutareagainstwar很少人不反对战争。（but=whonot）,1.Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想见的人吗？2.Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhose（ofwhich）coverisgreen.请递给我那本绿皮的书。Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。6.Thepackage（which/that）youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。,二、关系副词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where或why等。when,where,why分别在定语从句中作状语，在意义上相当于介词+which结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。,Awhen指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。when的先行词为time,day,morning,night,week,year等1.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(when=onwhich)2.Hecameatatimewhenweneededhimmost.他是在我们最需要他的时候来的。(when=atwhich)3.Wewillneverforgettheyear1949,whenthePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded.我们永远忘不了1949年，那是中华人民共和国成立的一年。(when=inwhich),1.Istillrememberthenight_Ifirstcametothehouse.2.Illneverforgettheday_wemeteachotherlastweek.3.Mr.BlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,_isthebestseasonthere.4.Iwillneverforgetthedays_Ispentwithyourfamily.5.Illneverforgetthelastday_wespenttogether.,Bwhere指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。1.IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.我最近曾回过一次我出生的城市。(where=inwhich)2.Iwouldliketoliveinacountrywherethereisplentyofsunshine.我想住在一个阳光充足的国家。(where=inwhich)3.Whatsthenameoftheplacewhereyouspentyourholiday你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？(where=atwhich),注意：where引导的定语从句还可以修饰表示抽象空间概念的名词，如case(情况),situation(情形),position(位置),stage(阶段),point(地步)Whataresomesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在那些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where,6.Thisistheschool_Iusedtostudy.7.Doyoustillremembertheplace_wevisitedlastweek?8.Doyoustillremembertheplace_wevisitedthepaintingexhibition?9.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,_isfamousfortheWestLake?10.HaveyoueverbeetoHangzhou,_liestheWestLake?,11.TomwillgotoShanghai,_livehistwobrothers.12.IliveinBeijing,_isthecapitalofChina.13.Therewasatime_therewereslavesintheUSA.14.Itisthethirdtime_youhavemadethesamemistake.15.Itwasinthestreet_ImetJohnyesterday.16.Itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.17.Themoment_Isawyou,Irecognized(认出)you.18.Thisistheverynovelabout_wevetalkedsomuch.19.Thisistheway_hedidit.20.Whoisthestudent_waslateforschooltoday?,Cwhy指原因，在限制性定语从句中作原因状语。Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.请告诉我你误机的原因。(why=forwhich)Thereasonwhyhewaspunishedisunknowntous.他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。注意:无论是关系代词，还是关系副词，都在定语从句中取代了先行词，因此，先行词在定语从句中不复出现。【误】ThisisthebookthatIborrowedityesterday.【正】ThisisthebookthatIborrowedyesterday.这就是我昨天借的书。（that在定语从句中取代了先行词thebook，作borrowed的宾语，因此，要去掉it）【误】TheEnglishCorneristheplacewherepeopleoftengotheretopracticetheirspokenEnglish.【正】TheEnglishCorneristheplacewherepeopleoftengotopracticetheirspokenEnglish.英语角是人们经常去练习英语口语的地方。（where在定语从句中取代了先行词thepace，作go的状语，因此，要去掉there）,Fillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday_IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory_hisfatherworksislarge.5.Illneverforgetthetime_weworkonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse_welivedlastyear.,归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.,介词+which可以替代when,where,why等替代when,在定语从句中作时间状语Illneverforgetthedaysonwhich(=when)westudiedtogether.Theyearinwhich(=when)theearthquakehappenedwas1976.2.替代where，作地点状语Thisisthetowninwhich(=where)Shakespearewasborn.Iforgottheexactplaceinwhich(=where)Ihadhiddenthebox.3.替代why，作原因状语Theresnoreasonforwhich(=why)weshouldntbefriendsIdlikeyoutoexplainthereasonforwhich(=why)youwereabsent.,“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear_mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,_mostpeoplehadhadsupper.,B.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook_Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook_sheoftentalks?,2.“介词whom/which”与“whom/which/that/介词”的转换。1）Thechaironwhichsheissittingismadeofwood.Thechair(which/that)sheissittingonismadeofwood.2)Isthisthebookwhichyouarelookingfor?介词for不能与look分开。3.way作先行词1)Theway(inwhich/that)helooksattheproblemsiswrong.,如果way作“方式/方法”解释做先行词，且定语从句缺少方式状语时，则关系词可以使用以下任意一个：that,inwhich或不加关系词。此定语从句就缺少方式状语，即：wecansolvetheproblem(intheonlyway).,Thatis_theboyspoketotheteacher.A.howB.thewayhowC.thatD.which分析：此题应选A。容易误选B。误认为theway(表方式)后应接how引导的定语从句(因为how可用来表方式)。其实考生只要回忆一下我们学过的关系副词便知道：在现代英语中关系副词只有when(表时间)，where(表地点)，why(表原因)等几个，根本没有how这个关系副词，所以它自然就不能引导定语从句。要表示类似本题的意思，可用以下句型：那就是他说话的样子。正：Thatshowhespoke.(表语从句)正：Thatsthewayhespoke.正：Thatstheway(that)hespoke.正：Thatstheway(inwhich)hespoke.误：Thatsthewayhowhespoke.我不喜欢他那样笑她。正：Idontlikethewayhelaughsather.正：Idontliketheway(that)helaughsather.正：Idontliketheway(inwhich)helaughsather.误：Idontlikethewayhowhelaughsather.他同我们说话的方式值得怀疑。正：Thewayhespoketouswassuspicious.正：Theway(that)hespoketouswassuspicious.正：Theway(inwhich)hespoketouswassuspicious.误：Thewayhowhespoketouswassuspicious.,4.表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of,有时可用whose转换。1)Thereare100teachersinourschool,_60arewomenteachers.2)Hehasthreechildren,two_workasteachers.3)Thattablehasfourlegs,all_areveryshort.4)Impaintingahouse,theroof_isround.Impaintingahousewhoseroofis.5)Theyliveinahouse,_windowsfacesouth.Theyliveinahouse,thewindows_facesouth.,用介词关系代词填空1Theboywasstayingintheroom_windowhecouldclimbdown.2.Hestheman_Ilearntthenews.3.Whosthecomrade_youjustshookhands.4.Thereare52studentsinourclass,_nearly40areLeaguemembers.5.Iknowaladythehusband_isaNobelPrizewinner.6.Doyouknowthedriverwhocausedthetrafficaccident_amanwaskilled.7.Thisistheway_shestudiesEnglish.,8.The5yuan_heboughtthebookwasgivenbyhisfriend.9.ThestoryaboutShakespeare,_thisisoneexample,iswellwritten.10.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses_hecantseeanything.11.Thekey_shewasopeningthedoorbroke.12.Thelibrary_weoftengoonSundaysisnotfarfromourschool.13.Nooneknowthereason_sheisleavingsoearly.14.Atlasttheycametoariver_anewbridgeisbeingbuilt.,关系代词引导的定语从句：Completethefollowingsentences:1.Isthistheschool_youvisitedlastyear?Isthisschool_youvisitedlastyear?2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_goodatmath.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_goodatmath.3.Thegirl_Ithinkwashonestliedtome.Thegirl_Ithinktobehonestliedtome.4.Chinaisnolonger_shewas10yearsago.Chinaisnolongerthecountry_shewas10yearsago.,5.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom_youboughtlastmonth.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom_youboughtlastmonth.6.Doyoustillrememberthehotel_welivedlastsummerholiday?Doyoustillrememberthepark_wevisitedlastsummerholiday?7.Thisistheroommygrandmotherusedtolivedin.Thisistheroom_mygrandmotherusedtolived.,8.Hehastwosons,andbothof_workasactors.Hehastwosons,bothof_workasactors.9.Chinahashundredsofislands,_Taiwanisthelargest.Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargest_isTaiwan.10.Thisisthehouse_thewindowwasbrokenyesterday.Thisisthehouse_windowwasbrokenyesterday.11.Heistheteacher_helpwehavemadegreatprogress.,A只用who在下列情况下，一般不能用that代替who。1在非限制定语从句中。Hismother,wholo