新编英语教程6unit 2 fine art of putting things off

Unit2TextI,TheFineArtofPuttingThingsoff,putoffdelaydelayerpostponepostponerprocrastinateprocrastinator,Questions,Areyouaprocrastinator?Whendoyouprocrastinate?Why?,4,style:inaformalstylewithahumoroustoneserioushumourous,sarcasticwritingmethods:examplesquotationsplayingonwordsuseofformalwordsinarestrainedexaggeration,5,Structure,I.(p1-2)Procrastinationisacommonscene.II.(p3-8)Manypeopleprocrastinateandwhytheyprocrastinate.III.(p9)Conclusion:manyideasanddecisionsmaywellimproveifpostponed.,6,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,P14examples:famouspeoplesprocrastinationLordChesterfieldtwofaults:1)nevermarriedhissonsmother2)keptDr.JohnsonwaitingforalongtimeQuintusFabiusMaximusMosesHamlet,7,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,Moses摩西aBiblicalHebrewreligiousleader,aprophetMoseslifeinEgypt-IsraeliswereslavesofPharaohforabout400years.-PharaohtriedtokillallthemaleIsraelibabiesbydrowningintheriver.-raisedbyPharaohsdaughter-killedanEgyptianwhowasbeatingaHebrew-leftEgyptandwenttoMidiantobeashepherd,8,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,Mosesbecame“themessengerfromGod”-GodtoldhimtobethepersontofreetheHebrewsfromEgypt.-Mosesbeggednottobethespokesman.-GodhadMosespracticetransforminghisrodintoaserpentandinflictingandhealingleprosy,andtoldhimthathecouldalsochangewatertoblood.-MosesbeggedGodfurther,soGodallowedhisbrother,Aarontobethespokesman.-wenttoPharaohandrequestedthattheHebrewsbeallowedtoworshipGodfor3daysinthewilderness.-demonstratedthepowerofGodwith10plagues,9,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,Passover(latemarchorfirstofApril)逾越节Godsendthe“Destroyer”tokillthefirstbornsoninEgyptianfamilies.Israelifamiliesweretoldtocoattheirdoorwithlambblood,sothe“Destroyer”wouldpassovertheirhomes.TheExodusfromEgypt(around1250B.C.)出埃及记-PharaohlettheHebrewsgobutthenwentafterthem-TheRedSeaopenedupfortheHebrewsandclosedontothefollowingEgyptianarmy.-MosesledtheHebrewstothepromisedlandCanaan,alandflowingwithmilkandhoney.,10,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,AanimatedfilmaboutMoses:thePrinceofEgypt,11,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,Lord:amanwitharankinthearistocracyinBritainLadyaristocratictitles:duke公爵marquis侯爵earl伯爵viscount子爵baron男爵,duchess公爵夫人marchioness侯爵夫人countess伯爵夫人viscountess子爵夫人baroness男爵夫人,12,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,exhort:trytopersuadesb.todosth.e.g.富兰克林在他的自传里力劝读者要勤俭。FranklinexhortedreaderstobediligentandthriftyinhisAutobiography.getaroundtodoingsth.:finallydosth.youhavebeenintendingtodoforalongtime来得及做，找到时间做e.g.WhenIfinallygetaroundtobuyingChristmascards,itwastoolate.worthy:n.animportant,respectableperson,13,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,attestto:prove,show,testifytoe.g.Theluxuriousfurnishingsattesttothefamilyswealth.谁能证实这个签名无讹。Whocanattesttotheauthenticity/genuinenessofthesignature?well-intentioned:trytobehelpfulbutfailingormakingthingsworse善意的，好心的,14,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,Fabianism:费边主义agradualorcautiouspolicy谨慎持久的消磨策略dub:givesb.ahumorousnamee.g.人们给他起了个“小家伙”的绰号，因为就他年龄而言，他看上去长得很小。Heisdubbed“Tiny”becausehelookssmallforhisage.cunctation,cunctatorthelast/best/biggest/fastestpossible最的,15,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,plead:v.toaskearnestlyandinanbeggingwaygiveasanexcuse提出为借口pleadsth.asthereasonforspeechdefect:stammer,slowofspeechedict:officialorder,16,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,P2twokindsofpeopledelayersdo-it-nowersHowmanyofthemrespectively?Whatarethetwokindsofpeoplelike?,17,PartI(p1,2)Procrastination:acommonscene,ungodly:infmlunreasonable,annoying不可思议的extension:anadditionalperiod延期a,pocalyptic:catastrophic,foreboding,indicatingimminentdisasterorfinaldoom预示世界末日的threatendoom:threatendeath/theendFaustianencounterswiththedevil:undesirablemeetings,18,PartII(p3-8)Whypeopleprocrastinate,p3procrastinationamongwritersp4procrastinationinthemilitary,diplomacyandlawp5procrastinationinbusinessp6procrastinationinthegovernment,economicinstitutionsandlanguagesp7procrastinationinacademep8procrastinationamongpsychologistsandreasonsofprocrastinationgivenbypsychologists,19,p3,WritingmethodExamplesJeanKerrmanyawriterToneseriouswordsexaggeration,overstatementhumor,sarcasm,20,p3,forall:inspiteofe.g.Forallhisefforts,hestillfailedtheexam.Shestillloveshimforallthat.incur:cause,leadtoe.g.incurloss受损incurdanger遭受危险incurdebt负债incurgreatexpense产生很大花费,21,p4,WritingmethodExamplesaBritishproconsulaU.S.generalinWWIIattorneyswhodiewithoutawillQuotationToneseriouswordsexaggeration,overstatementhumor,sarcasm,22,p4,monopoly:sth.belongtoonepersononly垄断，独有proconsul:administratorofacolony殖民地总督ruminate:thinkforalongtimeruminateover/on/aboutcf.ponder,muse,meditate,reflect,speculate,contemplate,brood,deliberatenattering:noisy,23,p5,WritingmethodQuotationRhetoricdevicesWherethereisnowill,thereisaway.punparody,24,p5,pun:aformofwordplaythatdeliberatelyusesambiguitybetweensimilar-soundingwords,whichiscausedbyintentionalmisuseofhomophonical(同音或同形异义词）andpolysemicwords一词多义双关Heisnotagravemanuntilheisagraveman.Timeflieslikeanarrow,fruitflieslikeabanana.Wemusthangtogether,orweshallallhangseparately.Whyarelawyersalluneasysleepers?Becausetheyliefirstononeside,andthenontheother,andremainwideawake.,25,p5,谐音双关Theyprayforyoutodayandpreyonyoutomorrow.HedrovehisexpensivecarintoatreeandfoundouthowtheMercedesbends(Benz).Abicyclecantstandonitsownbecauseitistwo-tiered.,26,p5,parody:apieceofwritingintendedtoamusebyimitatingthestyleofwritingusedbysomebodyelse仿拟仿词，仿句，仿篇球籍whitecollar,gray-collar,goldencollar,pink-collarFirstMothercold-line学海无涯，诺亚舟Togoornottoto?Thatisthequestion.Awordintimesavesnine-,国籍,bluecollar,FirstLady,FirstFamily,hot-line,学海无涯苦作舟,Toornottobe?Thatisthequestion.,Astitchintimesavesnine.,27,parody,Twinkle,twinkle,littlebat!HowIwonderwhereyoureat!Upabovetheworldyoufly,Likeatea-trayinthesky.-AliceinWonderland,Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar,HowIwonderwhereyouare!Upabovetheworldsohigh,Likeadiamondinthesky.,28,p5,echelon:rankfortify:tobuildwallsaroundatown/citytodefendit;tostrengthen,supporte.g.afortifiedcityfortifyyourargumentwithstatisticsGoodeatinghabitshelptofortifythebodyagainstdiseases.delicateedge:subtleline/difference,29,p6,Hispointiswelltaken:Manypeopleagreewithhim.takeonespointe.g.Itakeyourpoint.bureaucratization官僚主义化bureaubureaucracybureaucratbureaucraticbureaucratese官腔,30,p6,smother:killsb.byputtingsth.overhisface;restrainbeyond:outofeconomicinstitutionsbestuddedwith:coverasurfaceorareawithmanysmallthings点缀e.g.Thefieldisstuddedwithdaisies.,31,p6,AnyChinesesayings?心急吃不了热豆腐磨刀不误砍柴工慢工出细活,32,p7,academe:theacademiccommunity,college,universitytakehighhonorsin:takepridein,beproudofbeingchurnout:toproducelargequantitiesofsth.withoutcaringaboutquality艰难地写出，挤出,33,p7,gothroughagonies:haveahardtimewhentheyfaceablandpage:whentheycannotwriteanything,sotheywouldpostponeit.rationalizations:reasons,34,p8,Quotations:Dr.RalphGreenson,JoenFaganmaintain:expressstronglyassiduous:industrioustakeagentleviewof:donotthinksth.isverybadamomentoftruth:atimetomakeadecision,tofaceacrisis,35,p8,subliminal:subconscioussort:separatedragonesfeet:slowdown,hesitatetotakeaction,36,p9,maywell:verylikelytruism:anundoubtedandself-evidenttruthdeliberation:carefulandlong-timethinkingmellowandmature:becomeripeandmatureassassin:killer,37,p9manyideasanddecisionsmaywellimproveifpostponed,bemeantto:shoulde.g.Thepoliceismeanttoprotectpeople.YouaremeanttotakeoffyourshoesbeforeenteringaHindutemple.devour:eatalotofsth.fast;wasteconsume:eatordrinksth.slowly;enjoyAMetaphor,38,p9,pacepeisi:Imsorry,butbyallmeans:1）ofcourse当然可以e.g.CanIborrowyourbicycle?-Byallmeans.Ifyouwanttousethephone,byallmeansdo.2）务必，无论如何Arrivethereontimebyallmeans.,39,Expressions,平分习惯性拖延仓促行事微妙的界限推崇采取温和的态度面对真相的时刻甄别事情的轻重缓急不无道理同样,evenlydividedchronicprocrastinationspeedyactionadelicateedgetakehighhonoursintakeagentleviewofthemomentoftruthsorttheimportantfromthetrivialitissomethingofatruismforthatmatter,40,Coherence连贯,cohesivedevices衔接手法Conjunctionyet(P3)also(P7)Lexicalcohesion(repetitionofwords,synonyms)Cunctator(P1,4)will(P4,5)procrastination,delay,postponementpostponers,delayers,procrastinatorsReference指称hispoint(P6),seriouswordshumor=playingonwordsexaggeration(hyperbole),+,+,42,exaggeration(hyperbole)夸张,thefineartofputtingthingsoffraiseprocrastinationtoanartformTheworldisprobablyaboutevenlydividedbtwdelayersanddo-it-nowers.theapocalypticvoiceofDinersasFaustianencountersLawyerareamongthemostaddictedpostponers.makingprocrastinationaworldwidewayoflifethemostassiduousprocrastinatorsarewomen,43,Sayingsaboutprocrastination,Procrastinationisthethiefoftime.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.Procrastinationisthebadhabitofputtingofuntilthedayaftertomorrowwhatshouldhavebeendonethedaybeforeyesterday.-NapoleonHillIfyouarenotreadytoday,youwillbeevenlesssotomorrow.-OvidIdontwaitformoods.Youaccomplishnothingifyoudothat.Yourmindmustknowithasgottogetdowntowork.-PearlS.BuckDontwait.Thetimewillneverbejustright.-NapoleonHill,44,明日歌明日复明日，明日何其多。我生待明日，万事成蹉跎。世人若被明日累，春去秋来老将至。朝看水东流，暮看日西坠。百年明日能几何？请君听我明日歌！清钱鹤滩(14611504）,45,SongoftomorrowTomorrowupontomorrow,Somanytomorrowshavegone!Ifweonlyeyeontomorrow,Nothingintheworldcanbedone!Peoplearecumberedbytomorrow,Asseasonsalternate,oldtheygrow.Inmornings,weseeriverseastwardflow.Atnightfalls,weseesunsetswestwardglow.Thislife,howmanytomorrowsdoyouknow?Pleaselistentomy“SongofTomorrow”.,Discussion,Howcanwecureprocrastination?Listallthewaysyoucanthinkof.Isprocrastinationalwaysbad?Canprocrastinationbegoodsometimes?Ifyes,givesomeexamples.,47,Homework,ReadTextIIandwriteasummaryofabout200words.Youshouldsumupthemessagesinthearticlefullyandclearly,avoidlistingtoomanyexamples,tryuseyourownwordsinsteadofquotingsentencesfromthearticle.,48,Exercises,Translation1.1)FranklinexhortedreaderstobediligentandthriftyinhisAutobiography.2)Whocanattesttothegenuinenessofthesignature?3)Heisdubbed“Tiny”becausehelookssosmallforhisage.4)Hetriedtorationalizehisrefusaltotaketheadvice.5)Hiswordsincurredourdispleasure.6)Itisvirtuallyimpossibleforustofinishtheworkwithinsuchashorttime.7)Heruminatedoverthelikelyconsequencesoftheoperation.8)Ittakesmanyyearsofassiduousefforttoreachthatlevelofproficiencyininterpretation.,49,Exercises,2.事实上，办事拖延有悠久的光荣历史，标明有许多想法和度额定如果搁一搁不马上定下来的话结果会更好。推迟做决定本身就是一个决定，这句话有点道理。议会的那一套工作体制基本上就是一个再等等、再研究的过程。同样，画一副巨作、设计一道主菜、写一本书、造一幢像布伦海姆宫那样的房子也都要经历这样的过程，这座宫殿抹布罗工觉得建筑师和工匠花了整整十五年才建成，在此期间，设计方案渐渐成熟。说实在的，赶时间往往会扼杀优雅。正如石中剑一书的作者怀特所言，时间“不是让我们在一个小时或一天里大口吞下去的，时间应该是让我们从容不迫、一点一点慢慢消耗的”。换句话说并非对切斯特菲尔德大人不敬不是今天非要做的事大可留到明天去做。,50,Exercises,Grammar1.predominantly,prevailingpreferentialinadvisable,shrinkagemagnifyingunapproachable,fictitiousunbecoming/becomingunaccountabledisorientationpersuasion,entreatiesirremediable,51,Exercises,VocabularyB,21-l2-h3-k4-g5-b6-j7-c8-d9-f10-i11-e12-a,52,(1)legal主要有两层意思：(a)oforpertainingtolaw,authorizedorrequiredbylaw法律（上）的；有关法律方面的；法律要求的；法定的。如：legalaction诉讼；legaladviser法律顾问；legalaffairs法律事务；legaloffence违法行为；legal-size（纸张）大小适于书写法律文件的；legalrepresentative法定代表人；legalprocedure法定程序；legalholiday法定假日；legalsystem法系；legalaid法律援助；legalguardian法定