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关系副词的用法1. when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。如: Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time? 2. where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。如: Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived? 3. why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。如: I dont know the reason why he didnt tell it to his father. 4. 由于关系副词在定语从句中相当于“介词名词”,如: when on / in /during the day, where= in / at / on the place, why for the reason ,因此关系副词引导的定语从句可以改写为“介词 which ”引导的定语从句。如: That is the day when ( on which ) he did the experiments. This is the house where ( in which ) my father used to live. That is the reason why ( for which ) he is leaving very soon. 5. 关系代词和关系副词的选择 先行词是表时间或地点的名词时,关系词的选择要慎重,以下技巧可帮助你解决此类问题。( 1 )分析句子结构,看表时间或地点的先行词在定语从句中是作状语,还是作主语和宾语。( 2 )看定语从句中的动词是及物动词,还是不及物动词,还是“不及物动词介词”结构。 比较: This is the place where he worked ( vi ) when he was young. The city ( that / which ) we visited ( vt ) is well-known. Well never forget the day (that / which )we spent (vt )in the village. Well never forget the day when we work ( vi ) in the village. That is the reason why he is leaving ( vi )very soon. That is the reason that he told( vt ) me.介词 + 关系代词(whom/which)引导的定语从句1正确使用介词。定语从句中介词的使用分为两种情况,一是与定语从句中谓语动词的搭配关系,二是与先行词的关系。例如: The person about whom they are talking is our math teacher. Can you tell me the date on which you were born? 前者 talk about 属于固定搭配,后者 on 与表示某一天的名词搭配。 有时介词的使用需要根据句子的意义而定。例如: His glasses, without which he could see nothing, fell on the ground and broke. His glasses, with which he saw very clearly, fell on the ground and broke. 2介词的位置。介词在定语从句中的位置一般有下面的规律可循: 1 )位于关系代词前面。与先行词搭配的介词一般只能放在这个位置。例如: He built a telescope through which he could study the sky. The house besides which there is a big tree is Li Hongs. 2) 位于定语从句的谓语动词后面。像 look after, look for, take care of, come across, send for, call on, come about, long for, hear from, get through 这样的短语动词,介词和动词不能拆开,故介词不能放到关系代词之前。在这种情况下关系代词可以省略。例如: The doctor (that/who/whom) you send for has not come. The girl (that/who/whom) I came across in the street yesterday is a friend of mine. The chance (that/which) I longed for has come at last. 3关系代词 whose 引导的定语从句可以用“ of which/whom ”来替换。例如: The book whose colour is red is mine. = The book the colour of which is red is mine. The man whose right leg is lame is a famous singer. = The man the right leg of whom is lame is a famous singer. which与as引导非限制性定语从句时都指代整个句子,区别在于which与as引导非限制性定语从句时都指代整个句子,区别在于: Which只能放在主句后面,而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活,可在前,可在中,也可在后。例如: A) As he realized, I was very useful to him.(在前) B) Air, as we know, is a gas.(在中) C) He was a foreigner,as I know from his accent.(在后) D)He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.练习一1. Do you know who lives in the building _there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in front which2. Ill never forget the day _I joined the League.A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which3. The woman _my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B. to whom C. to who D whom4. Jeanne was her old friend, _she borrowed a necklace. A. from who B. from whom C. to that D. to whom5. His glasses, _he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke its leg.A. which B. with which C. without which D. that6. she is a teacher of much knowledge, _much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom7. He built a telescope _he could study the skies.A. in which B. with that C. through which D. by it8. Do you know the reason _he was late?A. that B. which C. for what D. for which9. I have bought two ball pens, _writes well.A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them10. The Second World War _millions of people were killed in 1945.A. during which B. in that C. where D. on which11. China has many rivers,_ _the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of which12. This is the very knife _I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with which13. The speed _which you drive your car mustnt too high.14. In the park there are many flowers, the colour _ which is bright and nice.15. The little girl is reading a book, _ which there are many pictures.16. What were the things _which he was not too sure?17. They held a meeting, _which the hospital director made a speech.18. The book, _which he paid 6 yuan, is worth reading.19. Is this the man _whose house the police found the lost colored TV?20. The villagers dug along tunnel _which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.21. Wu Dong, _whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.22.The stories about Long March, _which this is one example, are well written.练习二1._was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2. Such signs _we use in the experiment_ Greek letters. A. as , are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is3. I passed him a large glass of whisky, _ he drank immediately . A. that B. as C. which D. who4. She is very good at dance, _everybody knows.A. that B. which C. who D. as5. It was raining, _was a pity. A. what B. that C. the which D. which6._has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As7. We do the same work _they do. A. which B. as C. than D. like8. The earth is round, _we all know. A. that B. which C. who D. as 练习三1. A. Is this the factory _you visited last year? B. Is this factory _you visited last year? a. that b. where c. in which d. the one2. A. Mr Smith is one of those foreigners who_ working in China. B. Mr Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _working in China. a. is b. has c. have d. are3. A. Dont discuss questions such _those. B. Lets discuss only the questions_ we are interested in. a. which b. that c. as d. about which4. A. All _I need is a good rest. B. _I need is a good rest. a. What b. All what c. that d. Which 5. A.Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B. Pisa is a city, _there is a leaning tower. a. which b. that c. where d. there6. A.This is the place _we visited last year. B. This the place _we worked last year. a. which b. where c. in that d. there7. A.The news _he told us was very exciting. B. He has brought us the news _our
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