初二下册英语第九单元语法

现在完成时（II） 第九单元语法知识1. 构成：含有be动词的现在完成时的谓语部分由 “have/has+ been+ to+地点”构成，表示：曾经去过某地 (been是be的过去分词，不规则变化)2. 基本句型：(1)肯定句：主语+have/has+ been+ to+地点.(2)否定句： 主语+havent/hasnt+ been+ to+地点.(3)一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been + to+ 地点？肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ have/has. 否定回答：主语+havent/ hasnt.（4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+ 主语+ been? eg: Where have you been?3.用法：用来表示之前已经发生和完成度的动作与状态，其结果却和现在有联系.动作和结果发生在过去，但它的影响现在还在.可以和never, ever, once, twice, three/fourtimes 等副词连用.eg: They have been to Chongqing twice. I have never been to Sichuan. Has she ever been to Hainan?3. 区别：(1). have/ has been to+地点 表示：曾经去过某地，已经回来了(2). have/ has gone to+地点 表示： 去了某地，还没有回来eg: She has been to Shanghai. （她去过上海，已经回来了） She has gone to Shanghai. （她去了上海，还没有回来）(3). have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用eg: I have been in Shanghai for three years我到上海已有三年了。He has been in London for half a month他来伦敦已有半个月了。(4). have been on 表示“已经开始了多久 表示持续性”eg: The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已经开始了10分钟了。例题：1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2. _ you ever _ to America?Yes, I _ New York twice.3. David _ Australia. Im sure he has already arrived.4. Is Benny here?No, he _ the school library. He left five minutes ago.4. Mike and his parents _ the south for half a year.6. Mum is not at home now. she _ the shop.7. You cant find him. He_ Xian.8. Mr. Zhang _ this school for ten years. He knows everyone here.9. Miss. Brown _ China three times.10. I _ the West lake, Look, I have taken many photos of it .11. Tom _ Jims home, but he hasnt come back.12. We _ the bookshop and bought many books. 13. My parents _ Shandong for ten years.14. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 15. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 16. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 17. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.18. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999. 19. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 20. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. 21. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. re22. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 23._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 24.My little brother _(collect) shells for two years .25. _ Ben _(read) the book? -Yes , he has . He _it last year .26. Julia _(visit) the nature museum twice .27. Anna, _you _(see) Chinas Got Talent (中国达人秀)？ -Of course. I _it last weekend .28. I _(buy) a new MP4 already . I _