新编英语教程第五册 自测题(二)

高级英语 Book 5 自测题二 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. I. Close 20%Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.A hundred years ago, pioneer psychologist William James declared that humans use only a _1_ part of their potential .All too many of our tasks are _2_ or tedious . Then the brain operates almost _3_ idle. The result can be careless mistakes or dragged-out drudgery because we cant get with it .The perfect state of flow ,Csikszentmihalyi explains, _4_ when our skills exactly measure _5_ to the challenges confronting us ._6_ ,says Csikszentmihalyi ,the way to get a dull but simple job done easily is to make it harder. Turn a boring task into a challenging game , so that you _7_ all your potential . Invent rules , _8_ goals , _9_ yourself against a clock . This increased challenge may be what pushes you in to your zone .I was once asked to write an introduction to a _10_ of articles on lawsuit . Words came slowly as I plugged away at a topic that didnt _11_ me . I made _12_ trips to the coffeepot . Then the magazines art director phoned to say hed created an eye-catching _13_ for the article , drawing a gavel bent into the letter J . Could the first word of the article begin with J ? I not only accepted the challenge , but added one of my own : could every paragraph begin with J ? Using such words as Jistice and Jurisprudence , I managed nine paragraphs . By _14_ my attention ,the contest sped up the task .As you _15_ that drip irrigation system in your rose bed , tell yourself , “the line to the hose bib goes here . About six feet , then the first emitter ” Verbalizing keeps your mind on the task , _16_ the steps yourre taking , and reminds you of what needs to be done . Self-talk can also serve as “white noise,” taking your mind off _17_ stimuli . A young ski racer , _18_ by spectators and blowing snow , was having a disappointing competition when his coach pulled him _19_ . “Look ahead ,” the coach said , reminding the skier to _20_ on the gates ahead as he skied the ones before . Repeating the phrase like a spell - “ Look ahead , look ahead , look ahead” The skier focused his attention and won a medal.1. A tiny B. secondary C. minimal D. minimum2. A daily B. routine C. commonplace D. frequent3. A on B. in C. to D. up4. A recurs B. occurs C. incurs D. arises5. A. on B. in C. to D. up6. A However B. Since C. Therefore D. But 7. A engage B. adopt C. contribute D. devote8. A settle B. set C. establish D. found9. A. pave B. walk C. step D. pace10. A. set B. succession C. series D. chain11. A. inspire B. encourage C. motivate D prompt12. A. variable B. numerous C. variant D. abundant13. A. design B device C. devise D. resign14. A. narrowing B. .attending C. engaging D. recreating15. A. install B. equip C. furnish D. arm 16. A. reinforces B. strengthens C. advances D. paces17. A. distracting B retracting C. contracting D. subtracting18. A. upset B. bothered C. annoyed D. disappointed19. A. aside B. up C. away D. besides20. A. attend B. take C. focus D. engage得分 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. II. Proof-reading 10%For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.If the line is correct, place a tick “” in the blank provided at the end of the line.An individual human existence should be alike a (1) river-small at first, narrowly contained within their (2) _banks, and rushing passionately passed rocks and over (3) _waterfalls. Gradually a river grows wider, the banks (4) _recede, the waters flow more quietly, and, at the end, (5) _without some visible break, they become merged with the (6) _sea, and painlessly lost their individual being. The man (7) _who, in old age, can see his life by this way, will not (8) _suffer the fear of death, since the things he cares will (9) _continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness (10) _increases, the thought of rest will not be e.得 分III. Multiple Choice 20%1.These unfortunate people cannot ignore the situatioin forever, one day they will have to _the consequences of their caprice and satiation.A.face up to B.look up to C.stand up to D.wake up to 2.On National Day we will march in_through the Peoples Square.A.process B.processing C.procession D.progression 3.The TV station is worrying about _revenue from advertisers.A.fading B.reducing C.depleting D.dwindling 4.She hopes to be assigned to a shipyard _of producing three ocean-going ships a year.A.able B.capable C.competent D.efficient5.Those battered trousers of his are a _joke to all his friends.A.steady B.standing C.stable D.persisting6.These mountaineers will have to_severe cold and terrible winds.A.survive B.endure C.attain D.go though7.After years of illness he was _to a skeleton.A.diminished B.dropped C.decreased D.reduced 8.My mother began to _when she was ten months old.A.toddle B.saunter C.tramp D.ramble9. A. human action is not the same thing as humane action The difference between “human” and “humane” lies in . A. stylistic difference between synonyms B. difference in connotations C. difference between generic and specific words.D. semantic differences between words having the same root.10. The main purpose of Kings speech “I Have a Dream” is _.A. to call upon the blacks to unite with the whites in their struggle for justice and freedom.B. to describe his dream and to persuade the blacks to fight for its realization.C. to persuade the blacks to carry on their struggle by non-violent means for the justice and freedom.D. to argue that the blacks are not enjoying the justice and freedom they are entitled to.11. shows similarities between two things of different classes. A. Comparison B. Analogy C. Contrast D. Contrary 12. The word “realization” in the sentence “choosing words is part of the process of realization.” means .A. articulating sounds B. understanding what others say C. fulfilling ones goals D. becoming aware of what one thinks and feels.13.Where Is the News Leading Us belongs to the writing type of _.A.argumentation B.narration C.description D.exposition 14.Our professional ethic enjoins us to stay uncommitted and report the facts;and, if we have to have guidelines, thats probably _as any.A.as good ones B.as a good one C.as good a one D.as good one15.The sentence which expresses the main idea of a whole text is called a _.A.topic sentence B.thesis statement C.transitional sentence D.conclusion 16.He tries to _his lessens by telling an interesting anecdote about the president.A.cheer up B.inspire C.stimulate D.liven up 17.At first the price of gasoline _way up.A.crawled B.climbed C.crept D.stroll18.Accuracy is _to the programming of computer.A.elemental B.elementary C.fundamental D.foundational19. Im surprised at his ability to his lines overnight .A. remember B. recall C. remind D. memorize20. We were asked to from smoking.A. refrain B. resist C. restrain D. restrict 得分IV. Reading Comprehension 20%Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor.”If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.1.To make your humor work, you should _.A take advantage of different kinds of audienceB make fun of the disorganized peopleC address different problems to different people（C）D show sympathy for your listeners2.The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are _.A impolite to new arrivalsB very conscious of their godlike roleC entitled to some privileges（B）D very busy even during lunch hours3.It can be inferred from the text that public services _.A have benefited many peopleB are the focus of public attentionC are an inappropriate subject for humor（D）D have often been the laughing stock4.To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered _.A in well-worded language B as awkwardly as possibleC in exaggerated statements（D） D as casually as possible5.The best title for the text may be _.A Use Humor Effectively B Various Kinds of HumorC Add Humor to Speech（A） D Different Humor StrategiesPassage twoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics - the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy - far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves - goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented - and human perception far more complicated - than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont know quite how we do it.6.Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in _.A the use of machines to produce science fictionB the wide use of machines in manufacturing industryC the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work（C）D the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work7.The word “gizmos” (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means _.A programs B experts C devices（C） D creatures8.According to the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot that can _.A fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgeryB interact with human beings verballyC have a little common sense（D）D respond independently to a changing world9.Besides reducing human labor, robots can also _.A make a few decisions for themselvesB deal with some errors with human interventionC improve factory environments（B）D cultivate human creativity10.The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are _.A expected to copy human brain in internal structureB able to perceive abnormalities immediatelyC far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information（C）D best used in a controlled environmentPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.About the time that schools and others quite reasonably became interested in seeing to it that all children, whatever their background, were fairly treated, intelligence testing became unpopular.Some thought it was unfair to minority children. Through the past few decades such testing has gone out of fashion and many communities have indeed forbidden it.However, paradoxically, just recently a group of black parents filed a lawsuit (诉讼) in California claiming that the states ban on IQ testing discriminates against their children by denying them the opportunity to take the test. (They believed, correctly, that IQ tests are a valid method of evaluating children for special education classes.) The judge, therefore, reversed, at least partially, his original decision.And so the argument goes on and on. Does it benefit or harm children from minority groups to have their intelligence tested? We have always been on the side of permitting, even facilitating, such testing. If a child of any color or group is doing poorly in school it seems to us very important to know whether it is because he or she is of low intelligence, or whether some other factor is the cause.What school and family can do to improve poor performance is influenced by its cause. It is not discriminative to evaluate either a childs physical condition or his intellectual level.Unfortunately, intellectual level seems to be a sensitive subject, and what the law allows us to do varies from time to time. The same fluctuation back and forth occurs in areas other than intelligence. Thirty years or so ago, for instance, white families were encourag