中考英语动词复习ppt课件

,容易混淆常用动词辨析,1,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析,(1)say,speak,talk,tell的用法。1)say表示讲话，作为及物动词使用，后跟宾语或宾语从句。Hesaidhewouldgothere.Itstimetoleave.Wehavetosaygoodbyetoyou.2)speak表示“讲话”，一般作为不及物动词使用，而有时作为及物动词后面跟上各种语言作为宾语。DoyouspeakEnglish?MayIspeaktoMr.Pope,please?3)talk表示“谈话”，是不及物动词，与to,about,with等连用，才可以接宾语。Whatareyoutalkingabout?Mr.Jacksonistalkingwithmyfatherintheofficenow.4)tell表示“告诉，讲述”是及物动词，可以带双宾语或复合宾语。Shetoldusaninterestingstoryyesterday.MyteachertoldmethatwewouldhaveanEnglishexamthenextmonth.,2,(2)look,see,watch和read的用法。1)look强调“看”这个动作，是不及物动词，常与at连用，然后接宾语。Look!Thegirlisswimminginthelake.Lookatthepicturecarefully.Canyoufindsomethingunusual?2)see指“看见”某物，强调的是结果。Theycantseethewordsontheblackboard.DoesLilyoftengotoseeafilmonSunday?3)watch指的是“观看”，“注视”之意。ThetwinsarewatchingTVnow.Hewillgotowatchavolleyballmatch.4）read指“看书”、“看报”、“阅读”之意。Dontreadinthesun.IliketoreadnewspaperswhenIamfree.,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析,3,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析,(3)borrow,lend和keep的区别。borrow意思为“借入”，常常与from连用，是非延续性动词，表示瞬间即能完成的动作。Meimeiborrowedabookfromthelibraryjustnow.MayIborrowyourdictionary?2)lend是“借出”之意，常常与to连用，同borrow一样，是非延续性动词，只表示瞬间即能完成的动作。UncleWanyhaslenthiscartoMr.Li.Couldyoulendusyourradio,please?3)keep是“保存”的意思，动作可以延续。Howlongcantherecorderbekept?Thefarmerkeptthepatfortwoweeks.,4,(4)bring,take,carry和get的用法。1)bring意思为“拿来”、“带来”。指将某物或某人从别处“带来”。Bringmethebook,please.MayIbringJimtoseeyounextSaturday?2)take意思是“拿走”，“带走”，把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿到”某处之意。Itlookslikerain.Takearaincoatwithyou.Mothertookthelittlegirltothenextroom.3)carry是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思，指随身携带，有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义，不表明来去的方向。Doyoualwayscarryahandbag?Theboxisheavy.Canyoucarryit?4)get是去某处将某物拿回来。Pleasegotomyofficetogetsomechalk.Thereisnowaterinthebottle.Whynotgetsome?,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析,5,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析,(5)wear,puton和dress的区别1)wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调“穿着”的状态。Tomalwayswearsblackshoes.Hewearsaraincoatevenwhenitisfine.Shedoesntliketoweararedflowersinherhair.2)puton是“穿上”“戴上”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。着重于穿戴的动作。Itscold.Youdbetterputonyourcoat.Heputonhishatandwentoutoftheroom.3)dress可以作及物动词和不及物动词，有“穿着”“打扮”的意思。作“穿着”解时，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。作为及物动词用时，它的宾语是人，不是衣服。dresssb.（给某人穿衣服），而wear作“穿着”用时，也是及物动词，但它的宾语是物，不是人，即wearsth.（穿着衣物）。Shealwaysdresseswell.Getupanddressquickly.Maryisdressingherchild.,6,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析,(6)take,spend和use的用法。1)take指做某事用多少时间，句型是：Ittakes/took/willtake+sb.+sometime+todosth.Ittookmethreedaystofinishthework.Itwilltakeyouawhileweektotravelthoughttheforest.2)spend指某人在某事（物）上花费时间或钱。句型是：Someonespends+money/time+onsomething(in)doingsth.Shespentmorethan500yuanonthatcoat.Hedidntspendmuchtimeonhislessons.Hespentmuchtime(in)correctingstudentsexercises.3)use表示使用工具、手段等。Doyouknowhowtousethecomputer?Shallweuseyourcar?,7,(7)reach,get和arrive的区别。1)reach是及物动词，后面要直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。Afterthetrainhadleft,theyreachedthestationWereachedthetopofthemountainatlast.2)get是不及动词，常与to连用，再接名词，后面接表示地点的副词时，不用to，getto常用于口语中。Whenthestudentsgottothecinema,thefilmhadbegun.Mysisterwascookingwhenmothergothome.3)arrive是不及物动词，表示到达一个小地方时，用arriveat,到达一个大地方时用arrivein。ThesoldiersarrivedatasmallvillageTheforeignerswillarriveinShanghaitomorrow.,容易混淆的常用动词的辨析,8,正误辨析,1.误Shelaiddownandsoonfellasleep.正Shelaydownandsoonfellasleep.析考试中常出现的是易混动词lay放，lie躺，lie说谎。它们的过去时、过去分词和现在分词变化如下：lay(放)laid，laid，laying(及物动词)lie(躺)lay，lain，lying(不及物动词)lie(说谎)lied，lied，lying2.误Pleaseriseyourhand.正Pleaseraiseyourhand.析rise是不及物动词，其后不能接宾语，如：Thesunrisesintheeast.而raise是及物动词。3.误Iliketoswimverymuch,butIdontlikeswimmingthisafternoon.正Ilikeswimmingverymuch,butIdontliketoswimthisafternoon.析like作为喜欢讲时，可以接动名词也可以接不定式，但接动名词时多表达一种习惯性动作。而接不定式则侧重于表达一次性、特殊性的动作。但要注意的是like与would连用时则一定要接不定式，如：Wouldyouliketogowithme?再有一点要注意的是，like作为介词像讲时，只能用分词作其宾语。,9,4.误Stop!Didyoulistentoastrangevoice?正Stop!Didyouhearastrangevoice?析hear的侧重点是听到、听见什么，而listento的侧重点为听的倾向，如：listen!Doyouhearsomeonecallinghelp?这样的词还有look与see。它们的侧重点也不同，look重于看的倾向，而see重于看见没看见。5.误Didyouwatchsomefilmrecently?正Didyouseesomefilmrecently?析英语中see与watch各有不同的用处，see用于看电影、剧目，而watch用作看电视和看球赛。6.误Look.Abeautifullamphangedfromtheceiling.正Look.Abeautifullamphungfromtheceiling.析hang有两个含义，挂，它的过去时与过去分词是hung，hung;绞刑，这时它是规则动词，其过去式与过去分词则为hanged，hanged。7.误HowlongcanIborrowthisbook?正HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?析借在英文中有三个词，借入，即borrow,如：MayIborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary?借出，如：Icanlendmybiketoyou.借多久要用keep,因为borrow与lend都是截止性动词，而keep是延续性动词。如HowlongcanIkeepit?,正误辨析,10,正误辨析,8.误Wehavewonyourclass.正Wehavebeatenyourclass.析win是及物动词，其后面的宾语应是比赛、战争、奖品、奖金。而beat的宾语，应是人、队、班级等等，如：Wewonthegame.9.误Ileftmykey.正Iforgotmykey.正Ileftmykeyathome.析leave是丢下，其后一定要接地点状语，而forget其后不要接地点状语。10.误Oh!Itsrainingoutside.Pleasebringtheraincoatwithyou.正Oh!Itsrainingoutside.Pleasetaketheraincoatwithyou.析bring为“带来”如：Nexttimebringyourlittlesisterhere.而take为“带走”，fetch为“去某处取什么回来”，如：Pleasefetchsomecoffeeforus要熟记的是在初中课文中与take有关的词组，如：takeaway拿走takeback收回takedown取下takeoff脱下takeout拿出takepartin参加takeaseat坐下takeonesplace替代takealook看看taketurn轮流takeamessage捎信takecareof照看takeonestemperature测量体温,11,正误辨析,11.误Thepolicemanreachedtohishome.正Thepolicemanreachedhishome.析reach作“到达”讲时是及物动词，如：Ireachedthehotelat830作为到达讲时还有arrive(in+大地方)(at较小的地方)和getto.要注意的是与get有关的词组有：getback回来getin收割getinto进入getoff下车geton上车getout出去getup起床getto到达getreadyfor=bereadyforgetonwellwith与人相处融洽get加比较级为变得如何，例如：getcolderandcolder.12.误Thisdictionaryspentmefivedollars.正Thisdictionarycostmefivedollars.析英文中的花费有4个spend,cost,take和pay,其中spend与pay所在句中的主语应为人，如：Ispenttwohoursindoingmyhomework.Ipaidfivedollarsforthebook.而cost与take的主语则是事物，如：Ittakesmetwoyearstofinishthisbook.13.误InsummerIalwayssleepwiththewindowsopened.正InsummerIalwayssleepwiththewindowsopen.正Ialwayssleepwiththewindowsclosed.析要注意open是动词也是形容词，而close则要用其过去分词作形容词。,12,正误辨析,14.误Pleasewaitaminute.Imhavingonmyclothes.正Pleasewaitaminute.Imputtingonmyclothes.析英语中的穿衣服要分状态，是什么样的穿着打扮，还是穿衣服的动作两类动词。表示穿着状态的词有haveon,wear,在用法上haveon不宜用进行时态，它多用一般时态，如：Shehasonanewschooldress.而wear则多用进行时来表示状态，如：Sheiswearinganewsweater.在表示动作的词中puton是常用的一词。dress用作动词当穿衣讲时其后宾语不应接衣物，而要接人，如：Mychildrenwereveryyoungtheycouldntdressthemselves.在表示穿着状态时用其过去分词当形容词，如：Heisdressedinwhite.15.误Mycomputercantbegin.Couldyoufindsomeonetohelpme?正Mycomputercantstart.Couldyoufindsomeonetohelpme?析begin与start均可指开始，而且常常可以互换，如：Schoolbegins(starts)at8a.m.但是在两种情况下不宜用begin而要用start,当作机器开动、发动讲，如：Mycarcantstart.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithit.作为旅途开始讲，如：Weshouldhavetostartearly.Therewasalotoftrafficontheroad.,13,正误辨析,16.误ImverygladbecauseIhavefoundedmylostkey.正ImverygladbecauseIhavefoundmylostkey.析find是不规则动词，它的过去式和过去分词是found,found，而found又是另外一词建立，它是规则动词，其过去式与过去分词是founded,如：ThePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.17.误Please.LetsspeakinEnglish.正Please.LetsspeakEnglish.正Please.LetstalkinEnglish.18.误CanyouspeakitEnglish?正CanyousayitinEnglish?析英文中“说”有4个常用词say,tell,speak,talk.其中不及物动词有speak和talk，如：Iwanttotalkwithyou.Wearetalkingaboutthenewfilm.而speak其后接语言时是及物动词，其他情况是不及物动词。say与tell是及物动词，其中tell常用双宾语，如：Tellusastory.但用于讲实话或谎话时也用单宾语。如：Tellthetruth.,14,正误辨析,19.误Areyoulookforyoubook?正Areyoulookingforyoubook?析此句含助动词are，且是主动语态，因此look的后面应该加ing。在初中阶段学习与for有关的词组有：askfor请求carefor关心lookfor寻找waitfor等待sendfor请人payfor付款searchfor寻找leavefor去某地preparefor准备thanksomebodyforsomething为某事向某人道谢。20.误Areyouunderstandingit?Yes,Igotit.正Doyouunderstandit?Yes,Igotit.析understand这一词没有进行时态，如同感观动词love、hateIgotit是美语，即Iunderstoodit。要记住get作为到达讲时是不及物动词，如：Illgettotheschoolat8a.m.初中范围常用与to有关的动词词组如下：belongto属于cometo苏醒pointto(at)指着getto到达lookf