Unit 5--The English Countryside(英国的乡村).ppt

Unit5,TheEnglishCountryside,TheEnglishCountryside,IntroductionofFunctions,AskingforOpinions,GivingOpinions,ItwouldseemtomethatAsfarasIamabletojudge,AsfarasImconcerned,IdliketopointoutIdjustliketosayFrommypointofview,IthinkPersonally,IthinkAsIseeitFrankly,IthinkIreckon,IwaswonderingwhereyoustoodonthequestionofX?WhatsyourpositiononX?WhatsyouropinionofX?Whatdoyouthinkof/aboutX?HowdoyoufindX?WhatdoyoufeelaboutX?WhatdoyoureckonaboutX?WhataboutX?,Notes,Someoftheexpressionsareformalwhilesomearelessformalorinformal.Eithersayaccordingtosomeoneorinsomeonesopinion.Dontsayaccordingtosomeonesopinion.Opinionisoftenusedasacountablenounwhenitmeans“personalideasorbeliefsaboutaparticularsubject/matter/person”.,A1:Tellme,whatdoyouthinkofourwaiter?B1:Kindofrude,isnthe?,A2:Iwonderwhentheboardofregentswillpickanewdeanofstudents.B2:Whoknows?Theyrenotevenscheduledtomeetuntilnextmonth.,A3:DoyouthinkthatIvepackedtoomuchequipmentformycampingtrip?B3:Itshouldbejustright,Maxifyouplantobegoneforacoupleofyears.,AskingforandGivingOpinions,Whatdoyouthinkoflifeinthecity?Doyoupreferlifeinthecityorinthecountryside?Doyousometimesfeeltiredofcitylife/countrylife?Whichdoyouprefer,citylifeorvillagelife?,Inpairs,askandanswerthefollowingquestions.,LifeintheVillageandintheCity,TrytoSpeak,Readtheconversationonpage61.Inpairs,makeasimilarconversationwiththecuesinthesubstitutebox.,Nowadaysurbanizationisdevelopingrapidlyinmanycountriesanditreflectshumaneffortstotransformaworldofcruelnaturalelementsinfavorofhumanlivingenvironment.Whileweareamelioratingthelivingconditionswithmanyfacilities,wearealsolosingmanythings.Lookatthefollowingpictureandcommentonwhathumanbeingshavegainedandlostintheprocessofmodernization?.,theprocessbywhichmoreandmorepeopleliveincities,tochangecompletelytheappearanceorcharacterof,tomake(asituation)betterorlessbad,TheMachineintheGardenbyLMarx(1964),Inpairs,describetherurallifestylewithoutlocomotivesandfactories.,pastoral,rurallife,rosyhuesofduskArcadianspectacles/beauty,serene,quiet,tranquil,ascenebetweenwildernessandtamednaturebutmaybedreadfullydull,laboringlifefacinghaphazard/unfriendlynaturalelementssmalltrailsacrossthefield,asolitarytreeatthebottomofthegardenGodistheshepherdofhumanbeings,andmaintainstheirsoulinthevirginbeautyofnature.,UsefulWordsandExpressions,Inpairs,answerthefollowingquestion.,Withtheintroductionoflocomotivesandtheconstruc-tionoffactories,whathasbeenirreversiblychanged?,UsefulWordsandExpressionswhining(ofthesoundofthelocomotiveengine)puffingsmokefromchimneysinthefactoriesinthedistancehazyskiestintedbysmokefromthefactorieshurly-burlyofthemodernindustryreinvigoratingthelifeinthecountrysidedrivingoutboredomfromruralsolitude,UsefulWordsandExpressionssymbolicsignificanceintheintroductionofthelocomotivemoderncivilizationlaudsgreaterfreedomforpeopletomovearound,accordsmoreindividualismtoeachmemberofsociety,createsgreaterpowerforeveryonetoexercise,andmakesfasterprogressinsocialdevelopment,VocabularytoDescribeCityLife,disco,nightclub,caf,club,karaoke,cityskyline,nightlife,shopping,funpark,carnivalentertainment,moviehouse,theater;touristattractionssuchastemples,churches,historicplacesandmuseums;shows,citytourtrips,QuotableQuote,Grassisalwaysgreenerontheothersideofthefence.,Insmallgroups,discussthefollowingquestions.,Whatdoesthegrasssignify?Whatdoesthefencesignify?Whydopeoplethinkgrassinotherpeoplesgardensalwayslooksgreenerthanintheirown?Doyouhaveanexampletoillustratethecaseof“Thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside”?,ReferenceAnswers,Whatdoesthegrasssignify?2.Whatdoesthefencesignify?3.Whydopeoplethinkgrassinotherpeoplesgardensalwayslooksgreenerthanintheirown?,Usuallysmall,insignificantthingsthatarefamiliarinoneslife.,Divisionofproperty,family,region,orevencountry.,Peoplebringintheirownexperiencewheninterpretingthelifeandobjectsoftheworld.Thesenseofbeautyintheirgardenhasbeendulledbyfamiliarity.,RelatedIdeasinEnglishFamiliaritybreedscontempt.Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.Absencemakestheheartfonder.,TheChinesesayingsaremuchnarrowerinmeaningandusage.,SimilarSayingsinChinese远香近臭情人眼里出西施外国的月亮比中国的圆,Task1Pre-readingActivities,Task2ReadingComprehension,Task3After-readingActivities,Book2-Unit5,Pre-readingTasks,Readthewordsandexpressionsonpage64andmatchthemwiththepicturesbelow.,coast,footpath,pastures,mountainridges,Task1Pre-readingActivities,ricepad,cornfield,bay,cliff,lawn,cultivatedfields,brook,woods,waterfall,estuary,beach,orchards,valley,bushes,Insmallgroups,identifyimportantingredients,whichconstitutethetypicalEnglishcountry-sideasshowninthepicturesbelow.,UsefulWordsandExpressionsmountains,hillsinthemist,treesdottingthefield,broadcultivatedfieldswithfootpathsdividingtheland,village/farmhousesnearby,valley,streams,sheep,cattle,river,stonebridge,villagersfishingontheriverfarmhouse,oldtrees,riverbanks,dogs,mill,pastureonwhichcattleisgrazing,TraditionalEnglishRuralLandscapeinthe18thCentury,TraditionalEnglishRuralLandscapeinthe19thCentury,TypicalEnglishRuralLandscape:YorkshireEnglishRuralLandscapeinthe20thCentury,Insmallgroups,readthetextandfindoutthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthepicturesaboveandthedescriptioninthereadingpassage.Listthesimilaritiesanddifferences.,Reportthesimilaritiesanddifferencestoanothergroup.,Task2ReadingComprehension,Similarities,Thehomesteadisinthelowlandsinsteadofthehighlands,overlookedfromahill.Thehomesteadisverylarge,andfacesabroadfield(acommodioushomestead)shelteredbyampletrees.Riversaresmallandnotusefulfortradeandtransport,butbroadfieldsaredelicateandbeautiful.Childrenorvillagersmaystillbatheintheriver.Farmersmaystillfishintheriver,andtheymayleanovertheweirsonsummereveningsandwatchtheswallowsacrosstheclearwaterunderthebridges.,Differences,Gatheringwatercress.(Itdidnotshowonthepictures.)Growingosiersforbasketweaving.(Itdidnotshowonthepictures.)Mill-wheels(inleftsideofthesecondpictureintheworksheet)aresilentnowandcloggedbyweed.,PopularideaofanEnglishvillage,inavalley,overlookedfromthehills,clusteredaboutitsancientchurch,Generalconceptionofafarm,ofamoreorlesscommodioushomestead,inavalley,shelteredbyampletrees,withbroadfields,withariverflowingnotfaraway,Englishrivers,smallandinsignificant,inwhichaboycanbathe,inwhichafarm-handcantickleatrout,permitofhomelyoccupations,menleanovertheweirsandwatchtheswallows,TextAnalysisPara.1,CottageTheCotswoldsMeadowTheSevernValleyTheMalvernsTheWelshMountainsTheestuaryGardenOrchardsPastures,Insmallgroups,studythe2ndparagraphanddrawapictureoftheviewsfromthewriterscottage.,TheCotswolds,TheRiverSevern,Severnestuary,Widetree-linedwatersoftheRiverSevern,TheMalverns,Cowslips,Cottage,Bee-orchis,TheEnglishCountryside1MostEnglishmen,ifonlybecauseofthenaturalformationoftheirisland,areessentiallymoreathomeinthelowlandsthanontheheights.ThepopularideaofanEnglishvillageisofoneinavalley,whereitcanbeoverlookedfromthehills,clusteredaboutitsancientchurch;andsimilarly,thegeneralconceptionofafarminthiscountryisofamoreorlesscommodioushomesteadinavalley,shelteredbyampletrees,withbroadfieldslikeopenhandsstretchedouttoreceivethesun,andariverflowingnotfaraway.Thereisalwaysarivernotfaraway,inEngland;andalthough,judgedbyContinentalstandards,ourriversmayforthemostpartbesmallandinsignificant,theyareperhapsmoreintimatelyknownforthat.,2Certainlytheyarenotthekindaboutwhichnationalsongsarecomposed,asinthecaseoftheRhineortheDanubeortheVolga;butatleasttheyarethekindinwhichaboycanbatheandinwhich(eventoday)afarmhandcantickleanoccasionaltrout.Theypermitofsuchhomelyoccupationsasthegatheringofwatercressorthegrowingofosiersforbasketweaving;andalthoughthemill-wheelstheyonceturnedaresilentnowandweed-clogged,menstillleanovertheweirsonsummereveningsandwatchtheswallowscrosstheclearwaterunderthebridges.Suchrivers,insignificantastheymaybe,influencethelivesofthosewholiveneartheminthemostsubtleandsensuousway.,3ForsometimeIlivedinacottageonthewesternedgeoftheCotswolds.InfrontofmygardenameadowitselfagardenofcowslipsinspringandahauntofbeeorchisesthatfellwiththeswathsofgrassinsummerdippeddowntotheSevernValley.Standingatmydoor,IcouldseeacrossthelowlandorchardsandpasturestotheMalvernsontheonehandandtotheWelshmountainsontheother.Thosefarblueridgesmightbehiddenbymistorcloudfromtimetotime;butseldomwasthereadaywhenIcouldnotclearlyfollowthecourseoftheriverdowntoitswidemuddyestuary.Yearin,yearout,theSevernwaspartofmyview;itwasevenpartofmyconsciousness.,Wordsitwasevenpartofmyconsciousness.年复一年，塞文河已成为我触目的景色的一部分，他甚至已成为我意识的一部分。,BACK,1.MostEnglishmen,ifonlybecauseofthenaturalformationoftheirisland,areessentiallymoreathomeinthelowlandsthanontheheights.,_,prepositionalphrase,thefertilevalleyswherefarmsandorchardssustainthepeoplewholivethere,Explanation:Thehighlandsaremuchmorebarrenthanthevalleysandarethuslessdesirableforhabitationandmoresuitableforsheepfarming.,_,_,theareaswithhillsandmountains,Translation:如果只考虑这个岛国的自然地势，绝大多数英国人感到生活在低地比生活在高地要舒适得多。,DifficultSentences,2.ThepopularideaofanEnglishvillageisofoneinavalley,whereitcanbeover-lookedfromthehills,clusteredaboutitsancientchurch;andsimilarly,thegeneralconceptionofafarminthiscountryisofamoreorlesscommodioushomesteadinavalley,shelteredbyampletrees,withbroadfieldslikeopenhandsstretchedouttoreceivethesun,andariverflowingnotfaraway.,non-restrictiveadjectiveclause,builtaroundtheoldchurch,_,_,_,Explanation:IntheEnglishcountryside,achurchistraditionallythemostimportantbuilding.Usuallysituatedinthecenterofavillagewithasquareinfrontofit,thechurchisnotonlyaplaceforreligiousservicebutalsoaplaceforpublicgatheringsandimportantactivities.Villagershousesweregenerallybuiltaroundthechurch.,Translation:人们心中喜爱的英国乡村是在山谷里，从山上可以俯瞰它的全貌，并簇拥在古代的教堂周围；同样，这个国家的人们对农场的普遍概念也是山谷地里宽敞的家园，绿树成荫。广阔的田野延伸开去，就像张开的双手接受阳光普照，不远处还有潺潺流水的小溪。,3.Certainlytheyarenotthekindaboutwhichnationalsongsarecomposed,asinthecaseoftheRhineortheDanubeortheVolga;butatleasttheyarethekindinwhichaboycanbatheandinwhich(eventoday)afarm-handcantickleanoccasionaltrout.,restrictiveadjectiveclause,_,_,_,Explanation:aworkerorlaboreronafarmcancatchatroutbyhandoccasionally,Translation:当然，它们不像莱茵河、多瑙河、伏尔加河那样，有许多民歌为之歌唱，但至少它们能供孩子嬉水，能让农夫时常在那儿抓鲑鱼。,4.Suchrivers,insignificantastheymaybe,influencethelivesofthosewholiveneartheminthemostsubtleandsensuousway.,concessiveclause/clauseofconcession,_,_,_,_,Translation:这些河流虽不起眼，却在不经意地而又切切实实地影响着周围居民的生活。,ascanmeanthough/althoughbutonlyinthecombinationadjective+as+subject+be/seem/appear:,Tiredashewasheofferedtocarryher.Strongashewas,hecouldntliftit.Patientashewas,hehadnointentionofwaitingforthreehours.,Mayimplies“Iacceptthefactthat.”,5.butseldomwasthereadaywhenIcouldnotclearlyfollowthecourseoftheriverdowntoitswidemuddyestuary.,inversionoftheverbaftercertainadverbs,Translation:但那小河流向宽阔、多泥的河口，我总是能够看得清清楚楚。,Certainadverbsandadverbphrases,mostlywitharestrictiveornegativesense,canforemphasisbeplacedfirstinasentenceorclauseandarethenfollowedbytheinvertedformoftheverb.Themostimportantoftheseareshownbelow.,hardlyever,onnoaccount,hardly.when,onlyby,innocircumstances,onlyinthisway,neither/nor,onlythen/when,never,scarcelyever,nosooner.than,Scarcely.when,notonly,seldom,notuntil,nowhere,Onnoaccountmustthisswitchbetouched.Onlybyshoutingwasheabletomakehimselfheard.NeverbeforehadIbeenaskedtoacceptabribe.Hardly/Scarcelyeverdidtheymanagetomeetunobserved.,英国乡村1如果只考虑这个岛国的自然地势，绝大多数英国人感到生活在低地比生活在高地要舒适得多。人们心中喜爱的英国乡村是在山谷里，从山上可以俯瞰它的全貌，并簇拥在古代的教堂周围；同样，这个国家的人们对农场的普遍概念也是山谷地里宽敞的家园，绿树成荫。广阔的田野延伸开去，就像张开的双手接受阳光普照，不远处还有潺潺流水的小溪。在英格兰，周边总有小河流淌；按照欧洲大陆的标准，我们的河流多半小得不起眼，但就因为如此，人们才对它们感到亲切。,BACK,2当然，它们不像莱茵河、多瑙河、伏尔加河那样，有许多民歌为之歌唱，但至少它们能供孩子嬉水，能让农夫时常在那儿抓鲑鱼。人们还能在这儿找到家常的活计，诸如打捞水田芥，种柳枝编篮子；虽说那些曾经靠他们而转动磨坊车轮如今已沉静且布满野草，人们仍旧在夏日的傍晚倾靠在拦河坝上观望燕子在桥下掠过清澈的河水。这些河流虽不起眼，却在不经意地而又切切实实地影响着周围居民的生活。,BACK,3有一段时间我住在科斯伍德西部的一间茅草房里。我花园前面的牧场，春天就是一个长满黄花九轮草的花园，夏天则是对叶兰和其它青草被割之后的长居之地。它一直延伸到塞汶河谷。站在家门口，越过低地我可以欣赏那一边是莫尔文山，另一边是威尔士山脉的果园和牧场。远处那绿色的山脊时常为云雾所遮盖，但那小河流向宽阔、多泥的河口，我总是能够看得清清楚楚。日子年复一年，塞汶河已成为我赏景的一部分，甚至是我意识中的一部分。（吕睿中译,胡一宁审校）,BACK,mostEnglishmen,moreathomeinlowlandsthanonheightspopularideaofanEnglishvillagegeneralconceptionofafarmvillagesandEnglishriversinfluencesoftheseriversonthelivesofthelocalvillagersviewsfromthewriterscottageintheCotswolds,StoryReproduction,Task3After-readingActivities,Yearin,yearout,theSevernwaspartofmyview;itwasevenpartofmyconsciousness.年复一年，塞汶河已成为我赏景的一部分，甚至是我意识中的一部分。,Describepartofyourviewthathasbecomepartofyourconsciousness.,Example,Activity,Task1GrammarDevelopment,Task2VocabularyBuilding,Task1GrammarDevelopment:PassiveVoice,1)am/is/are+donee.g.Englishisspokeninmanycountriesallovertheworld.2)has/havebeendonee.g.Thisnovelhasbeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.3)am/is/arebeingdonee.g.Theprojectisbeingcarriedout.4)was/weredonee.g.SomeTVsetsforsaleinthedepartmentstorewerestolenlastnight.,5)hadbeendonee.g.Theysaidthatproductioncostshadbeenreduced.6)was/werebeingdonee.g.Thecasewasbeinginvestigatedthen.7)shall/willbedonee.g.Hewontbeallowed,byhisfather,tomarryLarra.8)should/wouldbedonee.g.Theywouldbesenttothearmywhentheyfinishedthetraining.,BACK,Task2VocabularyBuilding:NamesofEuropeanCountries,BACK,MovingtotheCountryEachyear,morethan100,000peopleleavebehindthestressesandstrainsofcitylifeinfavorofamovetothecountryside.Thereawaitsaquieter,morerelaxedlifestyle-butitcanbetooquietforsome.Thetipsbelowshouldhelpyoumakesureyouknowexactlywhattoexpectfromyourmove.,VisitinwinterItseasytofallinlovewiththeBritishcountrysideonasunnyAugustweekend,butwinterweathercanpaintadifferentpicture.VisitforaweekortwoinJanuaryorFebruary-ifyourevelinthedark,wetconditions,happytorelaxroundalog-fire,thencountrylifemaywellbeforyou.Ifyouareplanningtocommutetoworkinthenearesttownorcity,dontrelyonyourSatNavorrouteplannertotellyouhowlongitwilltake.Countryroadscanbenarrowandslow-practicerunsinrushhouraretheonlywaytobesurehowmuchtimeyouwillneedtoallocate.,InvestigatethefacilitiesThetemptationtogetawayfromitallandsetuphomeinaveryremoteareacanbegreat-butyouneedtobepractical.Findoutwhatsonofferintermsofsocialactivity,publictransportand,ifyouhavechildren,checktheschoolingoptionsavailable.Goodplanningisthekeytoasuccessfulmove-dontleaveanythingtochance.Itcouldbeanastyshocktodiscover,uponmovingin,thatyournearestsupermarketis50minutesdriveaway.Similarly,ifyoudontw