三相异步电动机能耗制动控制线路PPT课件

.,1,授课班级：高二（11）班授课教师：安智勇,电气控制线路安装与检修,.,2,任务一无变压器单相半波整流能耗制动控制电路的安装与检修,所谓制动，就是给电动机一个与转动方向相反的转矩使它迅速停转（或限制其转速）。制动的方法一般有两类：机械制动和电力制动。,.,3,一、机械制动当电动机的定子绕组断电后，利用机械装置使电动机立即停转。,.,4,电磁抱闸制动器,MZD1系列交流单相制动电磁铁TJ2系列闸瓦制动器,.,5,1线圈2衔铁3铁心4弹簧5闸轮6杠杆7闸瓦8轴,电磁抱闸制动器结构示意图,.,6,电磁抱闸制动器工作原理示意图,1弹簧2衔铁3线圈4铁心5闸轮6闸瓦7杠杆,电源,.,7,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,FU2,KM1,KH,SB1,SB2,KM1,YB,QS,KM1,KH,M3,KM2,KM2,KM1,电路组成分析,.,8,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,合上电源开关QS,KM2,KH,KH,M3,FU2,YB,KM2,.,9,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,按下SB1KM1线圈得电,KM2,KH,KH,M3,FU2,YB,KM2,.,10,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM1自锁触头闭合,自锁，松开SB1KM1联锁触头断开，KM1主触头闭合电动机起动运行电磁抱闸线圈YB不得电,KM2,KH,KH,M3,YB,KM2,FU2,.,11,电磁抱闸通电制动控制线路,L1L2L3,FU1,KM1,SB1,SB2,KM1,QS,KM1,KM2,KM1,KM2,停：按下SB2KM1线圈失电释放KM2线圈得电，KM2主触头闭合电磁抱闸线圈YB得电，使闸瓦与闸轮紧紧抱住,KH,KH,M3,YB,FU2,.,12,二、电气制动电动机产生一个和电动机实际旋转方向相反的电磁转矩，使电动机迅速停转。,.,13,能耗制动1.训练目标：（1）.熟悉时间继电器的结构、原理及使用方法。（2）.掌握能耗制动控制线路原理。（3）.学会三相笼型异步电动机能耗制动控制线路安装。（4）.能根据故障现象，检修三相异步电动机能耗制动控制线路。,.,14,2.工作原理：电动机切断交流电源后，立即在定子线组的任意两相中通入直流电，利用转子感应电流受静止磁场的作用以达到制动目的。,.,15,晶体管式,数显式,3.电气元件（时间继电器）。,.,16,空气阻尼式,.,17,线圈类型：通电延时断电延时触点类型：瞬时触点：常开触点常闭触点,.,18,延时闭合瞬时断开常开触点,延时断开瞬时闭合常开触点,延时断开瞬时闭合常闭触点,延时闭合瞬时断开常闭触点,延时触点,.,19,M3,L1L2L3,KM1,KH,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KH,KM1,KT,KM2,V,U,W,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,KM2,电路组成分析,定子绕组直流电通路,KM2,V,.,20,KM2,L3,N,V,定子绕组直流电通路,.,21,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,合上电源开关QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,KM2,V,M3,KH,KH,V,U,W,.,22,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,KM1自锁触头闭合KM1主触头闭合KM1联锁触头分断,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,KM2,V,M3,KH,KH,V,U,W,.,23,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,KM2,V,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,按下SB2KM1线圈失电KM1自锁触头分断KM1主触头分断KM1联锁触头闭合KM2线圈得电KT线圈得电,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,M3,KH,KH,V,U,W,.,24,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,KM2,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,KM2自锁触头闭合KM2主触头分断闭合电动机半波能耗制动KM2联锁触头分断KT瞬时闭合触头闭合松开SB2,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,V,M3,KH,KH,V,U,W,.,25,L1L2L3,KM1,SB1,KM1,SB2,KM2,KM1,KM2,KM1,KT,KM2,KM2,V,QS,FU1,FU2,KT,KT,KM2,KT延时断开触头延时分断KM2线圈失电KT线圈失电各触头复位,单向启动能耗制动自动控制线路,M3,KH,KH,V,U,W,.,26,4能耗制动的特点及计算能耗制动平稳、准确，所消耗的能量小，其制动电流也比较小。能耗制动时制动转矩的大小与通入定子绕组的直流电流大小有关。通入的直流电流越大，静止磁场越强，产生的制动转矩就越大。制动时所需直流电流的大小，通常控制在电动机空载电流35倍的范围内较好，也可根据下面的经验公式计算制动时所需直流电流和直流电压的大小。,.,27,能耗制动计算：能耗制动时所需的直流电流，A；电动机额定电流，A；能耗制动的直流电压，V；定子绕组的冷态电阻，。,.,28,5.适用场合：要求平稳制动，停车准确。（如铣床、龙门刨床及组合机床的主轴,.,29,6.思考：制动电阻有何作用？,电阻R用来调节直流电流的大小，从而调节制动强度。,.,30,四、注意事项：1.时间继电器的整定时间不要调的太长。以免制动时间太长引起定子绕组过热。2.整流二极管要配装散热器和固定的散热器支架。3.进行制动时，停止按钮要按到底。4.电路必须严格检查，定子绕组决不允许同时接通交流和直流电源。5.通电试车时，必须有指导老师在现场监护，同时要做到安全操作和文明操作。,.,31,五、电路检修：1.当按下停止按钮接触器K