名词的复数形式

可数名词的复数变化可数名词一般有单数和复数两种形式，名词由单数变成复数的变化分为规则变化和不规则变化两个大类。1.名词复数的规则变化：绝大多数名词直接在词尾加s变成复数，如：cupcups, bathroom-bathrooms以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词变复数要加es，如：class（班级）classes, box（盒子）boxes, match（火柴）matches, brush（刷子）brushes以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，去f或fe再加ves。f、fe结尾的顺口溜：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮月光。按：顺口溜中的黑体字是中学阶段学过的九个以f(e)结尾的名词：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀)，wolf(狼)，thief(小偷)，shelf(架子)，self(自己)，life(生命)，half(一半)，leaf(树叶)。这九个词变复数时，都是改-f(e)为ve再加-s。注意:以f结尾的名词，一般把把f改为ves，但也有特殊情况是直接加-s的，如gulf（海湾）, roof（屋顶）, chief（首领）, serf（农仆）, belief（信仰）, proof（证据）, handkerchief（手帕）。编成口诀联想：海湾边、屋顶上，首领农仆相望；谁说他们无信仰，证据定在手帕上。 以y结尾的名词变复数时视以下两种情况而变：元音+y：直接+s ,如：boyboys, toytoys, day-days辅音+y：变y为i，再+es ，如：study(书房)studies, city(城市)cities, party（晚会）-parties以o结尾的名词变复数时视以下三种情况而变：O结尾的名词顺口溜1）有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加es，凡无生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加s。有生命：potato（土豆）-potatoes, tomato（西红杮）-tomatoes, hero（英雄）-heroes, Negro（黑人）-Negroes如无生命：zoo-zoos, radio-radios, photo-photos, piano-pianos, zero-zeros, bamboo（竹竿）-bamboos, tobacco（烟丝）-tobaccos2）两人两菜一水果。（+es）小学-中学课本中以o结尾的名词构成复数时，加es的只有Negro（黑人），hero（英雄），potato（土豆），tomato（西红杮），mango（芒果）这就是“两人两菜一水果”。 3）其余以o结尾的名词变复数时均加s。图景：你在“zoo”里，看见一要“bamboo”，上面挂着一张“photo”，所照的是一架“piano”，上面放着一台“radio”。zoo-zoos , bamboo-bamboos, photo-photos piano-pianos, radio-radios. 2.名词复数的不规则变化：把oo变成ee，如：foot（脚）feet, tooth（牙齿）teeth, goose(鹅)-geese把词尾man变成men，如：woman(妇女)women, policeman（警察）-policemen, fisherman（渔民）fishermen, Frenchman（法国男人）Frenchmen, Englishman（英国男人）Englishmen, 注意:German（德国人）Germans,humanhumans, walkmanwalkmans表示民族的名词顺口溜（1）“中、日、瑞”友好是一致。（2）“英、法”联盟a变e。（3）其他一律加s 即Chinese，Japanese单复数同形；Englishman，Frenchman的复数为Englishmen，Frenchmen；其他像German，American，Australian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”。在词尾加en或ren变成复数，如：oxoxen, childchildren,单复数同形，如：sheepsheep, deerdeer, ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese means-means(方法，手段)注意: fish的复数有两种：同种鱼，只表示鱼的数量多，不加es：There are nearly 500 fish in the pond. 强调有不同种类的鱼时要加es：There are all kinds of fishes in the pond.其它一些常见名词的不规则变化：mouse（老鼠）mice ；basisbases（基础）；oasisoases(绿洲)，datumdata（数据）；medium-media(媒体)、写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep 、选择填空1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photoD. is photos2. This kind of car made in Shanghai.A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese,Germen B Japaneses,Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans4. Thats art book.A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got already（已经）. A.two breadB.two breads C.two pieces of bread D.two piece of bread6. The old man wants .A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. Theresomein the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. Theretwoin the box.A. is watchB. are watches C. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10.They come from different _A. country B.countries C. a country D. countrys11. How many _do you see in the picture?A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato12. They are_. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher13. Would you like _ ,please? A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters14. Most of _ live in _. A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany15. There are some _ in these _.A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-box C.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes16. _ like _ by air. A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peo