数学英语专有名词

数学英语专有名词一般词汇数学mathematics，maths(BrE )，math(AmE )公理axiom定理theorem平均定理mean value theorem临界点法则Critical Point Theorem极坐标polar coordinate计算公式运算操作证明provehypothesis，hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.)、add(v.)、addition(n.)被数augend，summand加法addend和sum减法(prep.)、subtract(v.)、subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差异remaindertimes(prep.)、multiply(v.)、multiplication(n.)乘数multiplicand、faciend乘数multiplier积productdivided by(prep.)、divide(v.)、division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商品quotient等于equals，is equal to，is equal to大于is greater than比is lesser than小以上是is equal or greater than以下称为is equal or lesser than运算符operator四则运算Four Arithmetic Operations数位数位数位数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比率ratio正positive输给negative零空值，zero，nought，nil十进制decimal system二进制binary系统十六进制hexadecimal system权重，基准值嘉莉截断，截断四舍五入round贬值round down四舍五入round up有效的数字基准位数无效的数字insigncertificatedigit代数algebra公式，公式(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial，multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown、x-factor、y-factor、z-factor方程，方程equation齐次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation二阶微分方程secondorderdifferentialequations不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent幂乘power平方，平方square三次方，立方四次方thepoweroffourthpowern次幂the power of n，nthpower开拓者evolution，extraction二次平方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次平方根the root of four，the fourth rootn次平方根the root of n，the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交叉intersection和和union补充补充映射函数函数反函数Inverse Functions周期函数Periodic functions函数power function基本初等函数Basic Elementary Functions指数函数Exponential Function对数函数Logarithmic Function显式函数explicit function符号函数signfunction(sgn缩写)最大整数函数greatest integer function绝对值函数absolute value function特殊函数Special Functions复合函数Composite Function三角函数Trigonometric Functions反三角函数Inverse Trigonometric Functions双曲线函数Hyperbolic Functions双曲线反函数Inverse Hyperbolic Functions多项式函数polynomial function定义域domain，field of definition值域range奇数odd number偶数even number连续连续；导电性Differentiable微型differential拐点inflection point驻地stationary临界点(尖点) Critical point切线切线最大值global max极大值local max上凹concave up下凹concave down常数constant变量variable近似近似Approximation单调性monotonicity奇偶校验周期性periodicity影像image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential隐函数微分、隐微分法Implicit Differentiation积分Integrals多积分Multiple Integrals导数derivative偏导函数partial derivative单侧导数one-sided导数一阶导数First Derivative二次导数Second Derivative高阶导数Higher-order Derivatives参数方程的导数Derivative of parametric equation极大极小Maxima and Minima最大值Maxima最小值Maxima极限极限无限极限Infinite limits单侧极限One-sided limits唯一性单值性Uniqueness唯一性单调性局部所有权Local boundedness局部所有权局部所有权水平渐近线Horizontal asymptote垂直渐近线Vertical Asymptoteinfinite(a.) infinity(n.)无限小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何图形geometry向量和空间几何图形Vectors and the Geometry of Space重点线line平面solid体线段segment辐射辐射平行平行平行交叉intersect角度角度角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角圆角钝角obtuse angle扁平straight angle周角perigon基本型侧边高度height三角形三角形锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse毕达哥兰theorem定理钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelgraphy矩形rectangle长length宽视角菱形rhomb、rhombus、rhombi(pl.)、diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五角大楼五角大楼六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八角形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon圆circle中心中心(bre )、中心(ame )半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi圆弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环形环椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus，loca(pl.)类似similar联合congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron长方体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron金字塔pyramid棱柱prismprism台frustum of a prism旋转旋转轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆锥台frustum of a cone球体sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积体积空间空间坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis，y-axis，z-axis横轴x-coordinate纵轴y-coordinate原点原点双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角形trigonometry签名sine馀弦cosine正切tangent康坦丁正在断开secant连接馀割cosecant反正弦arc sine反馀弦arc cosine反正接触arc tangent反馀切arc cotangent反正要关掉arc secant反馀割arc cosecant相位phase期间振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE )、incenter(AmE )外心excentre(BrE )、excenter(AmE )旁心escentre(BrE )、escenter(AmE )垂直中心ort