高中英语复合句精品课件.ppt

英语复合句,根据结构分简单句并列句复合句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句状语从句,PleasereadthedialoguesandrecognizethefunctionsoftheNounClause,(A)Tom:Whatareyoudoing?Jack:ImthinkingaboutwhatIshoulddo?Tom:Whatdoyoumean?Jack:Ivegotamessagethatmygirlfriendwillcomethisafternoon.Apartywasholdherelastnight,soImustcleantheroombeforeshecomes.Tom:Takeiteasy.Idliketohelpyou.TellmewhatIcando.Jack:Goodguy.ItsgreatthatIhaveafriendlikeyou.Tom:Then,letsbegin.,名词性从句,名词性从句nounclause,主语从句subjectclause,宾语从句objectclause,表语从句predicativeclause,同位语从句appositiveclause,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。,1.Thathewillsucceediscertain.2.Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3.Whathesaidisnottrue.4.Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5.Whoevercomesiswelcome.,请思考？,主语从句是在复合句中作主语的从句。通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句末。主语从句引导词有:连词：that,whether,if;代词：who(ever),what(ever),which(ever),whom(ever)；副词：when(ever),where(ever),how(ever),why等.,主语从句,It作形式主语,It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.(Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger.)WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.),1.It+be+形容词that从句,Itisnecessary/important/obviousthat,2.It+be+-ed分词that从句,Itisbelievedthat人们相信Itisknowntousallthat.众所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已经决定,3.It+be+名词that从句,Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识Itisasurprisethat.令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat事实是,4.It+不及物动词that从句,Itappearsthat似乎Ithappensthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起,1).主语从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后.例:误:Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.,2).连接词that在主语从句中无实际意义,但不能省略.例:误:Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.,正:Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.,正:Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.,主语从句中语序与that的省略：,注意,主语从句中的“主谓一致”：,3).主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.,Thattheywillcome_certain.,4).What引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.,Whathewants_thesebooks.Whathewants_somewater.,注意,is,are,is,Translation,问题是我们是否可以信任他。我建议买台大电脑。她看起来要哭了。,Thequestionis,Mysuggestionis,Helooked,表语从句,whetherwecanrelyonhim.,asifhewasgoingtocry.,thatwe(should)buyabigcomputer.,请思考？,表语从句,表语从句是在复合句中作表语的从句，位于联系动词之后。一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外，常用的还有thereasonisthat和Itisbecause等结构。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样。,e.g.,Thequestionis_wecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.Thisis_wecantgetthesupportofthepeople.Butthefactremains_wearebehindtheotherclasses.Thereason_heislateforschoolis_hemissedtheearlybus.,whether/how,why,that,why,that,1.Iwondered_youweresoangry.2.Italldependson_theywillsupportus.3.Icantimagine_madehimactlikethat.4.Imdelighted_Ihavepassedtheexam.5.Ifinditnecessary_weshoulddothehomework.,用适当的连接词填空,why,whether,what,that,that,宾语从句,请思考？,宾语从句,宾语从句是在复合句中作宾语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词相同。Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.(作动词的宾语)Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.(作介词的宾语)Iamafraid(that)Ivemadeamistake.(作形容词的宾语),It作形式宾语,it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。Wethoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.Ifinditimpossiblethathecanfinishtheworkintwodays.,Exercises,1.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfullA.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Ifeel_strangethatheshouldbesocareless.A./B.itC.thatD.how3.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.AwhileB.thatCifDfor4Willyouseeto_thattheluggageisbroughtback?A.weB.yourselfC.itD.them,A,B,B,C,1、当主句动词是现在时或将来时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。Iknow(that)hestudiesEnglisheveryday.Iknow(that)hestudiedEnglishlastterm.Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.Iknow(that)hehasstudiedEnglishsince2019.,宾语从句中的“时态呼应”,宾语从句中的“否定转移”,若主句谓语动词为:think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。Idontthinkhewillcomehere.Idontthinkthedressfitsyouwell。,宾语从句一律用陈述句的语序。2)whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，但:(1)当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if;例:Idontknow_Iwillstayornot.(2)介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.例:Iworryabout_Ihurtherfeeling.,宾语从句注意事项,注意,whether,whether,3)引导宾语从句的连词that也无实际意义,多数情况下可以省略。但部分情况不可省略。(1).在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句中(真正宾语)的句型中不省略：Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.(2).由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,that不省略.Hetoldmethathewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.,宾语从句注意事项,注意,1)Thekingsdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.3)HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.Summary:名词news，information，belief，fact，order，hope，idea，answer，doubt，thought，question等后可跟同位语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句，一般放在名词之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词。可接同位语从句的名词通常是概括性、抽象名词，少为复数，且通常带冠词，常见者有：fact,news,idea,promise,thought,answer,hope,demand,doubt,decision,explanation,suggestion,order,problem,question,remark,reply,report,belief,truth,wish等。,ReviewNounclause,1.Translation.,1)Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.,2)Motheraskedhissonwhathehadforlunchatschool,3)Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.,4)Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwonthegame!,1._hesaidsomadeusangry._hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.2.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.3.中国不再是过去的样子了。4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where,That,What,Chinaisnolonger_itusedtobe.,what,what,(1)Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey(2)Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput(3)SomeoneisringingMary.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis,B,C,I.语序问题,D,归纳,在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其它部分应用_的语序。,陈述,1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Idontknow_ornotIllbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,Whether,If,a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用_，不能用if；b.后面紧跟ornot时,用_.,归纳,whether,whether,II.If/whether问题,(1)_knowledgecomesfrompracticeisknowntoall.WhatB.WhereC.IfD.That(2)Itmakesnodifference_oursportsmeetwillbeheldthisweekornextweek.A.thatB.eitherC.whetherD.whenhen(3)Idoubt_hewillcomesoon.(4)Idonotdoubt_hewillcomesoon.(5)Doyoudoubt_hewillcomesoon?,D,C,whether/if,that,that,表示是否时用_,表示肯定时用_。,归纳,whether/if,that,III.that与whether/if的选择,1.(09四川8).Newscamefromtheschooloffice_XiaoLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2.(09天津9).Itisobvioustothestudents_theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that3.(06上海)Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when,高考链接,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,4.(上海01年春季）Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoonA.whenB.howCwhetherD.why5.(2019江苏)Wehaventsettledthequestionof_itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroadAifBwhereCwhetherDthat6.(96NMET)_wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,表语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,WhileIwaswonderingatthis,ourschoolmastertookhisplace.()2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()3.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,letsbeginourmeeting.（）4.Illspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()5.Socleverwasheastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()6.Aslongasyoudontloseheart,youllsucceed.()7.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.(),时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,条件,让步,方式,状语从句的分类,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,时间状语从句,when,while,as,before,after,assoonas,till,until,notuntil,thefirst/second/lasttime,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,nosoonerthan,where,wherever,because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,if,unless,now(that),as(so)longas,incase,onconditionthat,suppose/supposing,provided/providing,although,though,eventhough/if,as,while,nomatterwhich/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,whoever,whenever,however,whetheror；,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,结果状语从句,sothat,sothat,suchthat,sothat,incase,forfearthat,lest,how,as,asif/asthough,than,asas,notso/asas,the+比较级,the+比较级,目的状语从句,方式状语从句,比较状语从句,九种常用的状语从句,时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句,状语从句有九种，时地原因条状补，目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同；主句通常前面走，连词引导紧随后，从句若在主前头，主从之间有个逗。,考点与难点归纳,1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较；2、nomatterwh-与wh-ever引导的从句的区别；3、状语从句的时态问题；4、状语从句倒装及紧缩问题；5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。,考点,难点,1.时间状语从句问题1:1.(04北京春)Wewereswimminginthelake_suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before2.(02上海)Hewasabouttotellmethesecret_someonepattedhimonthe.A.asB.untilC.whileD.when3.(05上海)Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden_itwasthebesttimeforit.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.until4.(05福建)DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?Yes.Itwasnotyeteightoclock_hearrivedhome.A.BeforeB.whenC.thatD.until5.(06辽宁)Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal_afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while,A,D,B,B,C,问题2:6.(06天津)ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,_thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while7.(04年江苏)_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless,连接词while的用法小结,1.while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如：Pleasedonttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.2.while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。3.while可表示尽管，相当于although。,D,A,2、条件状语从句问题1：1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.（2000全国）AaslongasBwhileCifDeventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_youexerciseregularly,youwontkeepgoodhealth.（05重庆卷）A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if,C,A,unless相当于ifnot，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。,问题2：1、_Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.（04北京春季）A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctors_Ihavetowait.（05全国卷3）AincaseBsothatCinorderDasif,B,A,aslongas与asfaras都可引导条件状语从句，aslongas表示“只要”，asfaras表示“就而论（而言）”。题1根据题意应该选用B。incase表示“以防”，根据题2的句意，不难作出选择。,3、让步状语从句问题1：1、_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.（04江苏）A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2、Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,_theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南卷）A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough,A,B,while是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。evenif等于eventhough，表示“即使、尽管”。asthough等于asif，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。,问题2：1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_difficultitwas.（05天津卷）A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.（05浙江）AhoweverBwhateverCwhicheverDwherever,A,B,nomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别：nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh-ever通用。如:Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heshouldbeinvitedtotheparty.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，Nomatterwh-不能。如：WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome.,4.状语从句的时态问题问题1：1、Thehousecouldfalldownsoonifnoone_somequickrepairwork.（04全国IV）AhasdoneBisdoingCdoesDhaddone2、Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.（05北京春季）A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when,在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在since引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。,C,B,5、状语从句的倒装问题问题1：1、Sodifficult_ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(01上海)A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel2、Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.(95NMET)A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealize,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：否定词开头；so加adj.开头；as/though引导的让步状语从句。,D,A,特别注意：HardlywhenNosoonerthanChildasheis,Hardlyhadhegottothestationwhenthetrainleft.Nosoonerhadhegottothestationthanthetrainleft.Childasheis,hecanspeaksevenforeignlanguages.,6、状语从句与并列句的区别问题1：1、Thoughheisinhissixties,_heworksashardasayoungmanA.yetB.butC.andD.andyet2、Excusemeforbreakingin,_Ihavesomenewsforyou.(NMET02)A.soB.andC.butD.yet,题1是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词and;or;but;so等。yet是副词，只有yet可以与though连用。题2为并列句，而“Excuse,but”为一固定搭配。在复习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分。,A,C,对比训练与巩固,_heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy_Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3._achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as,对比训练1,A,B,C,1.Wewereabouttoleave_itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycompositio