定语从句语法讲解.ppt

定语从句,TheAttributiveClause,在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句，它可以用来修饰名词或代词。,Thegirlwhoisridingaredbikeismyclassmate.那个正骑着一辆红色自行车的女孩是我的同学。,Thegirlwhoisridingaredbikeismyclassmate.,定语从句,先行词,引导词,Thegirl,who,whoisridingaredbike,Theotherday,myfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.Becarefulofthepersonwhodoesnottalkandthedogthatdoesnotbark.Youcantwakeapersonwhoispretendingtobeasleep.Hewhowoulddogreatthingsshouldnotattemptthemallalone.,引导定语从句的词通常有关系代词和关系副词，一般位于先行词与定语从句之间，且作为定语从句的一个成分。关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that.关系副词：where,when,why,（一）关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that的用法,1.which多用来指物，一般在从句中作主语或宾语。,Thecake(which)weatelastnightwasmadebymymother.Iwanttoshowyoutheshopwhichisthenearestfromhere.Themusic(which)Ilistentoiswonderful.Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherisworking.(Thisisthefactorywhichmyfatherisworkingin.),2.who,whom,whose指人，在从句中分别作主语、宾语、定语。,TheyoungmanwhoissittingbesideMr.Liuismybrother.Doyouknowtheboywhocametoplaythecomputergame?Whoisthegirlwhomyoujustsaidgoodbyeto?Theman(who)Isawlastnighthadlonghair.Thewomanwhosebikewasstolendecidedtogotherebybus.,3.that多用来指物，有时也指人。一般在从句中作主语或宾语。,Thestory(that)youtoldmeyesterdaywasreallyinteresting.Iwanttoplaythegame(that)youshowedmelastweek.Whoisthegirlthatisrunningaroundtheplayground?Thebook(that)IreadyesterdaywaswrittenbyJinYong.,注意：如果序数词、形容词最高级修饰先行词或先行词是all,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时，要用关系代词that来引导定语从句。,Thisisthefirsttimethatwemeeteachother.ThisisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseenbefore.Thereisnothingthatcanmakemesad.Everythingthatyouhavedoneisgoodforyourstudy.ThatsallthatIshouldletyouknow.,引导词只能用that的情况:先行词有序数词修饰。先行词有形容词最高级修饰。先行词是不定代词all,little,something,anything,everything,nothing.先行词有两个或以上，其中有人又有物。先行词与thevery,theonly,thesame,no,any连用时。在who后面为避免重复，用that而不用who。关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。,5.Theman_hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein_wehavelivedfor10years.8.Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthings_youtalkedaboutjustnow.,whose,whose,which,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,Exercise2.,Myfatherandhisteachertalkedaboutsomething_theycouldntremember.Sayall_youknow.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?,that,that,that,当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.,4.Thisisthefirstplay_IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_Ihaveread.,that,that,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Whoisthegirl_isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine_weusedlastSunday.,当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,that,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,Pleaseremember,1.,2.,3.,4.,Notes:Tomisoneoftheboyswho_fromtheUSA.Tomistheonlyboythat_fromtheUSA.从句的谓语必须与先行词保持人称和数的一致。,are,is,（二）关系副词where,when,why的用法,1when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。,Istillrememberthedaywhenyousaidyouhatedme.IllneverforgetthetimewhenIfirstreachedBeijing.Winteristheseasonwhenchildrenoftengoskatinginthenorth.,2.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。,Wewillgototheplacewherewehadsportsmeetinglastyear.Thisisthecitywhereyourfatherwasborn.Iwanttovisittheplacewhereyouwenttolasttime.,3.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。,Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoudidntfinishyourhomework.Whoknowsthereasonwhysheiscryingsosadly?,用适当的关系代词填空（who,which,that,whose）,Isthisthecat_youarelookingfor?Allthewomenworkers_workinthefactorywillhaveadayoffonWomensDaynextweek.Thebooks_wereboughtyesterdaywillbesenttothevillageschool.Thelibrary_webuiltin1998looksnewnow.Theforeigners_comefromGermanyhavearrived.Mr.Greenwouldliketoseetheteacher_teacheshissonChinese.Becauseofthewar,thenumberofpeople_losthomesreachedasmanyas3,000.Whereisthewoman_watchwasstolenyesterday?Thisisthemostexcitinggame_Ihaveeverwatched.Thedoctorhastopayforthebook_helosttwoweeksago.,that/which,who,that,that/which,who,who,who,whose,that,that/which,Exercises:Choosethebestanswerforeachblank:,1.Thegirl_playedthepianoatthepartycomesfromBeijing.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.when,2.Joanlikesdumplings_havemeatinthem.A.whoB./C.thatD.what,3.Willyoupleaseshowmethebook_yesterday?whichisboughtB.youboughtitC.thatwasboughtD.whoboughtit,C.who,C.that,C.thatwasbought,4.Thebook_istooexpensive.A.IwanttobuyitB.IwanttobuythatC.whichIwanttobuyitD.Iwanttobuy5.Doyouwanttohelpaperson_?A.youdontknowhimB.whoyoudontknowhimC.whichyoudontknowhimD.youdontknow6.Whoistheyoungman_istalkingtoourteacher?A.whoB.whichC.thatD.he,D.Iwanttobuy,D.youdontknow,C.that,7.Thepen_isinmypencilbox.mymotherbuyforme.B.thatmymotherboughtformeC.whoboughtformeD.mymotherboughtthatforme8.Thisisthemostbeautifulpark_Ihave_visited.which,everB.that,neverC.which,yetD.that,ever9.Heoftenhelpsthestudents_hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.because,B.thatmymotherboughtforme,D.that,ever,B.who,10.Hereisthebook_I_lastweek.Thankyou.-Ialmostforgotlendingyouthebook.A./,borrowedB./.LentC.which,lentD.that,lent11.Theyboughtsomedesksforchildren_inthatfactory.whomadeB.thatweremadeC.whichwasmadeD.whoweremade12.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which,A./,borrowed,B.thatweremade,A.who,13.Thisisthegirl_mobilephonewasstolenjustnow.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.who14.Thisisthecage_Pollylives_.A./,/B.that,inC.where,inD.which,/15.Thecage_myparrotlivesisbroken.A.thatB.whichC.inthatD.inwhich16.Thestudentsaregoingtovisitafactory.Oh,thefactory_theywillvisitisinourtown.A.whoB./C.whenD.where,A.whose,B.that,in,D.inwhich,B./,17.Thehotel_duringthesummerholidayisclosetoTiananmenSquare.whowestayedatB.thatwestayedC.westayedatD.whatwestayed18.Withthemoney_hehadsaved,hewentonwithhisstudiesatuniversity.A.whatB.thatC.whoD.where19.Whydontyoulikethetalk?Its_onethatIhaveeverlistenedto.A.themostinterestingB.theleastinterestingC.moreinterestingD.suchaninteresting,C.westayedat,B.that,B.theleastinteresting,20.Achild_likestoaskquestionsmaybeclever.A./B.whichC.whoD.whom21.Isthereanything_youwanttosayforyourself?A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who22.Thisisthemostexcitingnews_Ihave_heard.which,everB.that,everC.that,neverD.which,yet23.Theydideverything_theycoulddotohelpus.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who,C.who,B.that,B.that,ever,B.that,24.Weliketheteachers_studentscan_easily.who,getonwellB.their,getonwithC.which,getonwellD.which,getonwellwith25.Thisisthehouse_lastyear.whichhelivesB.helivesinC.wherehel