广东省广州市天河区2019高考英语二轮复习阅读理解及解析(社会生活类)04专题训练(含解析)

阅读理解（社会生活类）04十、 Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? Now a research by Cornell University suggests how life style and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over. According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal. After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Dont Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym. In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity or extreme overweight among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject older traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17% and is growing.53. In what way are the French different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola?A. They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently. B. They squeeze eating between the other daily activities.C. They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyles.D. They usually eat too much canned and frozen food.54. This text is mainly the relationship between _.A. Americans and the French B. life style and obesityC. children and adults D. fast food and overweight55. The text is mainly developed _.A. by contrast B. by space C. by process D. by classification56. Where does this text probably come from?A. A TV interview B. A food advertisement C. A health report D. A book review【考点】考察社会生活类阅读【文章大意】本文讲述的是生活发生和健康之间的联系，美国人很注意饮食但是仍然很胖，而法国人消耗了更多的食物，但是仍然很瘦。这主要是生活方式的问题。53. 【答案】C 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第二段第一行 According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their life style.可知在Dr. Joseph Mercola看来，法国人把吃看成是生活发生的一部分。而美国人认为吃是从其他的日常行为中挤出来的活动。这是两者最大的不同。故C正确。54. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章主题段第一段第一句 Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin?可知文章讨论的是为什么美国人很注意饮食但是仍然很胖，而法国人消耗了更多的食物，但是仍然很瘦。这主要是生活方式的问题。在接下来的两段里，进行了详细的说明。也就说本文是关于生活方式和肥胖的关系。故B正确。55. 【答案】A 【试题解析】推理题。本文中作者把美国人的生活方式和法国人的生活方式进行了比较，把这两个国家的肥胖率也进行了比较。照顾文章都是通过比较串联起来的。故A正确。56. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。本文讲述的是生活发生和健康之间的联系，说明这是从健康报道里摘录出来的。不可能是电视采访，广告或者书评。故C正确。【长难句解析】1.They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities.【翻译】他们很喜欢食物，因此他们把很多时间都花在了餐桌上，然而美国人把吃看成是从其他的日常活动中挤出来的活动。【分析】本句中的连词while表示“然而”，是轻微的转折。另外句中有一个动词固定搭配seeas把看成；2.In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits.【翻译】尽管有这些差异，也有很多证据说明最近生活方式上的变化也许也许到法国人的饮食习惯。【分析】本句中的in spite of表示尽管；后面要接名词或者动名词做宾语。动词show后面有一个宾语从句that recent life style changes may be affecting French eating habits。十一、In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur dAlene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away.We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun. All that sunlight was fantastic for Moms vegetable garden. Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didnt care much about my bedtime.Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk. That left me in a mess. I usually managed to find some trouble to get into. Once I had a little Are going in the dirt basement of a hotel. I had tried to light a barrel（桶） of paint but couldnt really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when 1 made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me. The policemen took my matches and drove meMom and Dad were occupied in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Mom rescued me. 1 hadnt turned 5 yet.As I entered kindergarten, the serious cold began to set in. Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school?As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder (驾雪橇者), I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday. At the time I didnt realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well. I was wrapped (包裹) heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.In 1950, we moved back to Coeur dAlene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska.35. What can be inferred about the authors family?A. His father was a cruel man. B. His parents didnt love him.C. His parents used to be very busy. D. His mother didnt have any jobs.36. What happened when the author was 4?A. He learned to smoke. B. He was locked in a basement.C. He was arrested by the police. D. He nearly caused a fire accident.37. Which of the following is true?A. Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds.B. The author spent his whole childhood in Alaska.C. Leonhard often visited the authors family after 1950.D. The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska.38. What is the authors purpose of writing the text?A. To look back on his childhood with adventures.B. To describe the extreme weather of Alaska.C. To express how much he misses Leonhard.D. To show off his pride in making trouble.【考点】考察社会生活类阅读【文章大意】本文是叙述了自己很多奇怪的事情。在他童年时，在他身上所发生的一些很奇怪的事情。如：在恶劣天气里乘坐Leonhard的雪橇的冒险旅行等等35. 【答案】 C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文中第二段2,3行Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didnt care much about my bedtime可以推断出父母当时忙于他们自己的事情，没有时间来照顾我。故C正确。36. 【答案】 D 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第三段2,3行I had tried to light a barrel（桶）of paint but couldnt really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when I made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me。我点燃了一桶油漆，但火并不是很大烟却很浓，于是警察来把我带走。所以答案选D。37. 【答案】 A 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数第二段2,3行At the time I didnt realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well可以得知在那时我并没有意识到他是一个巨星，但是我知道Leonhard非常擅长驾雪橇。故A正确。38. 【答案】 A 【试题解析】推理题。作者在本文中讲述了因为父母亲太忙，没有时间照顾我，在我身上发生的很多奇怪的事情。故A项：回顾童年的经历。A项符合上下文含义。【长难句解析】In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur dAlene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away.【翻译】在1943年，当我4岁的时候，我的父母亲从Idaho的Coeur到了阿拉斯加的airbanks。在那里探险随时都会发生。【分析】本句中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句when I was 4.同时句中还有一个非限制性定语从句where adventure was never very far away修饰先行词Fairbanks，where在句中做地点状语。十二、“Dad,” I say one day,lets take a trip. Why dont you fly and meet me?”My father had just reired after 27years as a manage for IBM, His job filled his day, his thought, his life. While he woke up and took a warm shower, I screamed under a freezing waterfall Peru. While he tied a tie and put on the same Swiss watch, I rowed a boat across Lake of the Ozarks.My father sees me drifting aimlessly, nothing to show for my 33 years but a passport full of funny stamps. He wants me to settle down, but now I want him to find an adventure.He agrees to travel with me through the national parks. We meet four weeks later in Rapid City.“ What is our first stop?” asks my father.“What time is it?”“Still dont have a watch?”Less than an hour away is Mount Rushmore. As he stares up at the four Presidents carved in granite(花岗岩), his mouth and eyes open slowly, like those of little boy.“Unbelievable,” he says, “How was this done?”A film in the information center shows sculptor Gutzon Borglum devoted 14 years to the sculpture and then left the final touches to his son.We stare up and I ask myself, Would I ever devote my life to anything?No directions, no goasl I always used to hear those words in my fathers voice. Now I hear them in my own.The next day were at Yellowstone National Park, where we have a picnic.“Did you ever travel with your dad? I ask.“Only once,” he says. “ I never spoke much with my father. We loved each other-but never said it. Whatever he could give me, he gave.”The kast sebtebce-its probably the same thing Is say about my father. And what Id want my child to say about me.In Glacier National Park, my father says, “Ive never seen water so blue.” I have, in several places of the world, I can keep traveling, I realize- and maybe a regular job wont be as dull as I feared.Weeks after our trip, I call my father. “The photos from the trip are wonderful,” he says.” We have got to take another trip like that sometime.I tell him Ive learn decided to settle down, and Im wearing a watch.46. We can learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the father _.A. followed the fashionB. got bored with his jobC. was unhappy with the authors lifestyleD. liked the authors collection of stamps47. What does the author realize at Mount Rushmore?A. His father is interested in sculptureB. His father is as innocent as a little boyC. He should learn sculpture in the futureD. He should pursue a specific aim in life.48. From the underlined paragraph, we can see that the author_.A. wants his children to learn from their grandfatherB. comes to understand what parental love meansC. learns how to communicate with his fatherD. hopes to give whatever he can to his father49. What could be inferred about the author and his father from the end of the story?A. The call solves their disagreementsB. The Swiss watch has drawn them closerC. They decide to learn photography together.D. They begin to change their attitudes to life50. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Love Nature, Love Life B. A Son Lost in AdventureC. A Journey with DadThe Art of Travel【考点】考察社会生活类阅读【文章大意】本文讲述了一直工作稳定的父亲在退休之后跟着四处旅游的我一起出去游玩，在这次旅游里，我对自己之前的生活方式产生了怀疑，决定定居下来，为一个目标而努力。而父亲在这次旅游里认识到外面的世界很精彩，也改变了他自己的态度。46. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第三段第一句My father sees me drifting aimlessly, nothing to show for my 33