商务英语Unit+4.ppt

Summaries,notes,reports,Unit4,Warm-up,Whatseemstobegoingonineachphoto?(Identifythekindsofcommunicationgoingon.)P33,Contents,SummarizingaconversationTypes,functions,elementsandfeaturesofreportsHowtotakenotesPunctuation,4.1Summarizingaconversation,Youllhearaconversationrecordedatatradeexhibition.Listentotherecordingofthemeetingbetweentwopeople:BobNorman(salesrep.)andTimBrown(buyer).PleasewriteasummaryinnameofBobNorman.,Nowyoullreadthreesummariesofthisconversation,decidewhichofthesethreestylesofsummaryyouprefer.Differentstylesofnotesmaybesuitedtodifferentcircumstances:Numberedsummariesmaywellbeusefulfor“easyreference”.Morediscursivesummariesmaybeappropriateas“arecordforthefiles”.,4.2Reports,TypesofreportsInformationreports:notificationornotice,announcement,accidentreport,annualreport,progressreport,inspectionreport,tripreport,meetingminute,anaccountdescribingagroupofconsumers,andaninstructionorguideoftheend-usersofinstrumentsorappliances.Recommendationreports:unlikeinformationreports,recommendationreportsareanalyticalinnature.Thesereportsanalyzethefacts,makelogicalconclusionsandgiveappropriaterecommendations.Itmostoftentriestopersuadethereadertoagreewithastatedmessage,ormakehimtakeadesiredaction.Feasibilityreportsdrawconclusionsfrominformation,whichindicatesthelikelihoodofaprojectsucceeding.Problem-solvingreportsaimtoidentifythecauseofaproblemandthensuggestwaystotreatit.,Functionsofreports,Toinform,recommend,persuade,explain,suggest,instruct,motivate,reinforce(priordiscussion/communication),Elementsofreports,a)Title题目（标题）Longreport,onepagededicatedtoit.Shortreport,onthefirstpageofthereport.b)Transmittals报告传达书Authorsnameandcompany,authorization,dateofsubmissionorcomposition,thank-youline,etc.c)Summary总结（提要，摘要，概要）Mainideaofthereport,usu.thekeyfindingsorrecommendations.Becausethebossandboardmembersareverybusy,soashortsummaryservesthedesiredpurposeofthereport.d)Contents目录Tableofcontents.Likethatofabook.e)Introduction前言（引言，导言，导语，序言）Usu.consistsofPurpose,Background,Methodology,Scope,etc.,f)Findings(body)正文（调查结果，研究结果）Canalsobecalled“Discussion”,“Body”,“Comments”,and“Analysis”.Inthissection,youmakethepresentationandanalysisofthefactsyouhaveobtained.Peopleoftenuseappropriatesubtitles,suchas“WaterSupply”or“WarehousingArrangements”insteadofthegeneralterm“findings”.g)Conclusions结论TheConclusionsectiondistillsonthedeductionsyoumayhavefromthefindings.h)Recommendations建议SuggestionsandadvicebasedontheFindingsandConclusionsections.i)References参考资料（参考文献，书目）Sourcesofinformation.Listofbibliographyorotherreferences.j)Appendices附录（附件）Supplementarymaterialssuchasadditionaltables,charts,listsofsurveyquestions,questionnaireformsetc.,Ex1.Readtherelevantpointstobecoveredinareportanddecidewhichpointsgotowhichpartsofthereport.1)staffshouldleavehomeearlier2)checktheirreplies3)latecomersarethosewhotraveltoworkprivatetransportandpublicroadtransport4)thecompanyshouldenlargetheexistingcarpark5)recentbusinessexpansionresultsinhighdemandforcarparkingspace6)theincreaseinlatenessofmanyofficestaffoverthelasttwomonths7)roadworkscauseunavoidabletrafficjamsandlongdelays8)theexistingcarparkcannotcopewiththecurrentsituation9)questionalltheofficestaff,Letsseeanotherexample!P35officehealthandsafetyprovisionsHowcanyouarrangethefourparts?Canyouextendthenotestoacompletereport?,“Goldenrules”ofreportwriting,1)Befactual(写实性)“20studentspassedtheexam“anumberofstudentspassedtheexam.”2)Beobjective(客观性)“Inoticedmanystaffwerepilingboxesbehindfiredoorsandfeltthiswasafirehazard.”“Itwasnoticedthatstaffwereplacingboxesbehindfiredoors,causingafirehazard.”3)Belogical(逻辑性)Usesub-headingsandenumeration(i.e.subsectionswithinamajorsectionarereferenced:1.1,1.2,1.3etc.andsubordinatepointswithinsuchsub-sectionsarereferencedbytheadditionofafurtherfullstopandnumber:1.2.1,1.2.2,1.2.3etc.),4)Beconsistent(一致性)e.g.eachsectionheadinginpluralformandboldtypee.g.65%ofthestaff,35%ofthestaff,ormostpeople,somepeople,fewpeople5)Beconcise(简洁性)Neverlongerthannecessary!6)Beclear(明白易懂)Simple!Easy-to-read!Choosewell-knownvocabulary!,Planningandeditingareport,P36CWhatdoyouthinktheMDsaimswereinwritingthememo?Whatifanything-areyouexpectedtodoasaresultofreadingthememo?P37DDoyouthinkthereportiswhattheMDaskedfor?Howeffectivedoyouthinkthereportis?,4.3Howtotakenotes,StylesofnotetakingFormaloutlinesInformaloutlinesMappingFreeformSummarizingCornellSystem(record,reduce,recall,recite,review),“GoldenRules”:P38AEx.Readthethreenotes,whichstyledoeseachofthembelongto?Now,letslistentothe3conversations.P38B,4.4Punctuation,comma!exclamation