兴华杯参考答案

兴华杯参考答案及部分详解：Part I Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One We all know that exercise is good for our health. But some kinds of exercise may be better than others.(1) Running, for example, may help protect against heart disease and other health problems. Running may also help us live longer. Researchers say it is not important how far we run. It also does not matter how fast or even how often we run. As advertisements for the running shoe Nike say, just do it.Recently, researchers studied more than 55,000 adults. About one-fourth of the adults reported they ran regularly. The study found these runners were considerably less likely than non-runners to die of any form of disease, including heart disease. (2) In fact, the runners lived, on average, three years longer than the non-runners. Compared to non-runners, runners showed 30 percent lower risk of death by any causes, including heart attack, stroke or cancer.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What is the benefit of running according to the news report? D。2. How long did the runners survive the non-runners? B。News Report Two(3) More than 100 million people in Nigeria are not connected to the Internet. There are only a few networks that offer service and it is costly and unreliable. Now, a new project provides a resource for offline viewing at no cost.A non-profit organization called The Wider Net Project has developed the offline eGranary Digital Library. The service puts millions of digital documents, multimedia work and websites onto a server.(4) The information is then available to students, medical workers, and researchers at no cost, whether there is Internet or not. Users can access informative websites that eGranary updates every day such as Wikipedia,Khan Academy, Project Gutenberg, MIT Open Course Ware, and MIT BLOSSOMS ( which is Math and Science video lessons for high school students ).Other resources on the service include university and medical publications, computer software, and educational games.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. What is the news report mainly about? B。4. Who can use the offline digital information for free? C。News Report Three A single cigarette sold on a street comer may not cost a lot; however, the overall costs of smoking are huge. First, consider the cost of human life. (5) The World Health Organization says about 10 people die of a tobacco-linked disease every minute. That rate adds up to almost six million people dying from such diseases every year.(6) For most people, stopping smoking is hard. Many began smoking as teenagers. They are used to it. Studies show people who want to stop smoking can do so with different treatments. Other experts and former smokers offer even more effective advice: if you are considering starting smoking, dont. Smoking costs more than the life of an individual. It can affect the health of an entire country. (7) The World Health Organization says low-income countries depend heavily on taxes from cigarettes. They use the money, in part, to pay the costs of health care for tobacco-related diseases. But the illegal trade in tobacco products is further testing the economies of low-income countries.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. How many people die from smoking every year? A。6. Why is it hard to stop smoking for most people? A。7. How do low-income countries spend part of the taxes from cigarettes? C。Section BConversation OneW: Hello, this is Mary speaking.M: Hi, Mary. This is Owen.W: Ah, (8-1) my dear editor. Whats up?M: (8-2) I am calling to tell you that the book you sent me has been approved to be published.W: (9) Really? Thats good news. I cant believe my ears. Since the day I put the manuscript into the postbox, I have been counting the days. Am I daydreaming? Tell me, do you really think the book is good enough to be published?M: I have no doubt about it. And I am sure its going to be a bestseller.W: Oh, I dont know what to say now. Thank you so much. When is it going to be published?M: Dont be in such a hurry. (10) Before publishing, we need to meet and there are some places that I feel can still be improved.W: No problem. I am looking forward to learning from you and getting some professional opinions.M: Oh, you ate so polite and humble. I think we can have a discussion and learn from each other.W: How about tomorrow morning? I can go to your office.M: Oh, Im sorry. (11)There is another call coming in. I have to bang up soon. Can you come here at about 9:30?W: All right. No problem.M: My secretary is going to call you to confirm the appointment. I hope to see you tomorrow.W: See you.Questions 8 to ll are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A。9. How does the woman feel when she gets the news from the man? B。10. Whats the purpose of the mans calling? C。11. Why does the man have to hang up? B。Conversation Two W: You dont look well. Maybe you should take the day off from work.M: (12) I couldnt do that. I have an important meeting to go to today.W: Do you feel OK?M: Not really. After a 12-hour flight, Ive got jet lag, and on top of that, I think Ive also got the flu.W: (13-1) Why dont you call your secretly and tell her to reschedule the meeting? You should really take a rest at home or youll end up feeling even worse than you do now.M: Could yon feel my forehead and check to see if I have a fever?W: Youre really hot. Let me get you some Tylenol to bring the fever down.M: OK. Ill stay at home this morning and take a rest, but if I feel better in the afternoon, Im going to the meeting. (13-2) Now Ill call my secretary.W: Gosh, whats that on your arm?M: I dont know. It looks a bit red, but Im sure its nothing.W: It looks like you have a red rash! (14-1) Are you allergic to anything?M: (14-2) Just cats, but I dont think I was near any cats in the last couple of weeks.W: (14-3) I completely forgot about your cat allergy. I took care of a cat for my friend here a few days ago. Oh no, ( 15-1 ) wed better go to the doctor to get some medicine. Lets go.M: Shouldnt we make an appointment first?W: We should, (15-2) but lets just go and see if theres an opening now before it gets worse.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. Why is the man unwilling to ask for a leave? B。13. What will the man call his secretary to do? B。14. Why does the man have a red rash? C。15. What will the speakers probably do next? B。Passage One (16) It is what failed dieters have long suspected: fat people really cant keep the weight off. Scientists have confirmed that the majority of overweight people who try to lose weight either by cutting calories or exercising will return to their former size. Fewer than 10 percent of the 12 million Britons who go on a diet each year succeed in losing significant amounts of weight and most of those who do put it all back on again within a year. The scientists, from the Medical Research Councils National Survey of Health and Development, followed 5,362 men and women from their birth in 1946 and 20,000 from birth in 1958, measuring their weight and blood pressure and assessing their lifestyles. (17) They found both groups began gaining weight in the 1980s and had steadily increased in size ever since. Dr. Rebecca Hardy, the councils program leader on body size, said, Once people become overweight, they continue relentlessly upwards. They hardly ever go back down. It is better to avoid getting fat in the first place. For men, weight goes up steadily through life. For women, it starts slowly and accelerates in the mid-thirties. Experts have suggested evolution means we are programmed to put on weight rather than lose it. (18) Dieting can make this tendency worse as decreasing calorie intake triggers the body to go into starvation mode and reduce the amount of energy it naturally expends, making it even harder to lose weight. But the studys findings do not mean dieting is pointless, so eating less and taking more exercise can increase fitness and lower blood pressure.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What have the failed dieters suspected? C。17. What do scientists find after the long-time observation? D。18. What do we know about dieting from the passage? A。Passage Two Your co-workers have been gossiping less as of late, and that should have the old boss worried. Most workers-63 percent, in fact-say that water cooler chit-chat about their co-workers is commonplace, but thats down from four years ago when nearly 85 percent of companies said that office gossip was a regular occurrence. (20) The decline may be indicative of a pickup in the larger economy, especially when compared to the reported boost in gossip and rumors about downsizing and layoffs as the economy, worsened. Since the depths of the financial crisis, corporate profits have racked up a couple all-time highs and hiring has seen as light increase, perhaps alleviating some workplace pressure. Yet a drop in office gossip may actually be harming, not helping, worker productivity. When it focuses on general rumors instead of malicious tidbits,(21) office gossip can actually help workers bond during a time of anxiety. If employees bond enough, it could get them to hang out outside the office, an additional productivity boost. More than half of supervisors say co-workers doubling as friends outside of the office has a positive impact on the workplace, the Times of India reports. In addition, workers may have to engage in some office chit-chat to be successful at a company. Nearly 60 percent of workers said getting involved in office politics is necessary to get ahead, according to a survey from Robert Half International, a finance and accounting firm.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the passage mainly about? B。20. What does the decline of office gossip indicate? C。21. What do we know about office gossip? A。Passage Three Welcome to Yellowstone National Park. Before we begin our nature walk today, Id like to give you a short history of our National Park Service. The National Park Service began in the late 1800s.(22-1) A small group of explorers had just completed a month-long exploration of the region that is now Yellowstone. They gathered around a campfire and after hours of discussion, they decided that they should not claim this land for themselves. They felt it should be accessible to everyone. (22-2) So they began a campaign_to_preserve this land for everyones enjoyment. Two years later, in the late 19th century, an act of congress signed by President Ulysses S. Grant, proclaimed the Yellowstone Park region a public park. (23) It was the first national park in the world. After Yellowstone became a public park, many other areas of great scenic importance were set aside. And in 1916 the National Park Service was established to manage these parks. As a park ranger, (24) I am an employee of the National Park Service. In the national park, park rangers are on duty at all times to answer questions and help visitors with any difficulty. (25) Nature walks, guided tours and campfire talks are offered by specially trained staff members. The park service also protects the animals and plants within the park.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. According to the speaker, who originated the idea of the public park? A。23. What does the speaker say about Yellowstone National Park? A。24. Who is the speaker? C。25. According to the speaker, which is one of the duties of a park ranger? D。Part II Reading Comprehension参考答案：Passage One26.B 推理判断题。根据第1段第2句可推断第1句中的the number是指体重增加的人数，故答案为B。27.B 推理判断题。本题需要正确理解借代修饰手法。Waistbands have been popping形象刻画出其他西方社会急剧肥胖化的过程，故答案为B。本题很明显是考查因果关系的，第1段倒数第2句明确指出这个因果关系，只要根据该句做出选择就可以了。如果看得过远,反而有可能误选A或D。28.A 事实细节题。此处的例子是证明前一句话的，即But后面的内容。同时，两个年份的比较也突出问题发展的迅猛，从而印证下一段的主题句“This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast.”说明了贫穷与肥胖是并存的。例子一般是用来证明紧挨着 的前面或后面的论述，此处证明的观点在之前，其中的重点应该是But后面的内容，所以选项A与文中意思不符。注意本题要选的是NOT the point of the example。29.D 观点态度题。文章最后一句扭转了整段的基调。作者呼吁解决这一问题，前文正是为此作铺垫，突出问题的复杂性和时间的紧迫性。30.A 主旨大意题。本文话题为obesity，作者从美国谈到所有西方国家，最后重点讨论其在发展中国家的最新发展趋势以及种种可能的成因，并强调应当尽早解决问题，故选项A正确。肥胖问题的阵营没有转移，只是扩大了，故选项D不对。选项B只是片面信息，没有包括最后一段关于如何解决肥胖问题的内容。选项C中的starvation并非本文讨论的主要话题。Passage Two31. B 事实细节题。仔细读完第2段后半部分,不难发现hypochondria只是瞎猜疑，故选项B正确。时常怀疑自己生病是医务人员的职业病，但为此困扰的并不仅仅是他们，因为第2段第3句说：“But. who suffer from true hypochondria.”，说明医务人员不是真正的疑病症患者,故选项A不正确。选项C过于极端。选项D是对原文断章取义。32.D 主旨大意题。第1段以举例方式引入主题，第2段对hypochondria下定义，第3段则论述其对医疗保健体系造成的干扰，选项D正确全面地概括了文章大意，为正确答案。全文的中心词是hypochondria,在四个选项中，干扰项(选项A、B、C)都出现了该词，只有正确选项(选项D)没有直接使用该词。33.D 事实细节题。根据文中的“because no physician or test can offer a 100% guarantee that one doesnt have cancer.”即可得出选项D正确。原文虽有表示“咳嗽确实存在”，但这并不意味着医生不能治好类似的小毛病，因此选项A不正确。误选C是没有正确理解短语fall on deaf ears,该固定表达的意思是“充耳不闻”。34.B 推理判断题。句中thanks to是讽刺的用法，引出原因，故选项B正确。本题考查因果关系，要辨别明显的因果关系，只要关注文中是否有because, reason, due to, thanks to, result等词即可。35.C 观点态度题。从作者对hypochondria的描述可以看出此病只是源于多疑，并非生理上的不治之症，因此只要病人们放宽心，此病就能痊愈。故选项C正确。选项A的incurable和B的disastrous都太绝对，比较容易排除。而本文基调较为客观，作者没有表露个人情感，故选项D也不正确。Passage Three36.D 词义理解题。在第1段第4句中，逗号后面的regulating moods是对emotional thermostat的功能进行解释说明，因此可以推断出选项D正确。37.C 事实细节题。最具干扰的是选项A，因为其陈述与第2段第2句的陈述有点相似,但是，此长句说的是大多数人上半夜做噩梦，之后都会做好梦，而不是像选项A中所说大多数噩梦之后是好梦。而且，根据本段第1 句，很明显，选项C是这一句的近义替换。38.C 推理判断题。本题考査对代词的理解。在第3段的最后一句中，代词it应指上文说到的控制噩梦，及时醒来等做法，因此只有选项C涉及了其中一个做法。选项A太泛了，选项B和D在文中并无提及。39.B 事实细节题。本题考查根据构词法猜