虚拟语气 条件状语从句

welcometomyclass,赛会志愿者服务岗位主要涉及礼宾接待、语言翻译、交通运输、安全保卫、医疗卫生、观众指引、物品分发、沟通联络、竞赛组织支持、场馆运行支持、新闻运行支持、文化活动组织支持等领域。(图为引领亚奥理事会主席艾哈迈德亲王的礼仪志愿者),龙舟比赛颁奖现场，志愿者帮颁奖礼仪志愿者托举奖牌托盘,在开幕式上组织观众的可爱志愿者,Trytotranslate,1.没有志愿者，亚运会就不可能成功。Withoutthevolunteers,theAsiangameswouldntbeasuccess.2.如果你是志愿者，你要很有责任心。Ifyouwerethevolunteer,youshouldbemoreresponsible.,Thesubjunctivemood虚拟语气,语气,英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。,陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。Therearetwosidestoeveryquestion.祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。Willyoupleaselendmeyourdictionary?虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、猜测或建议等。IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.,语气的概念,一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.如果明天不下雨的话，我们就去公园。,虚拟语气陈述语气,结论：条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。,1、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果eg.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.我是你的话，我会马上走。(事实上我不是你)eg.Ifshehadenoughmoney,sheshould/would/could/mightbuyacomputer.如果她有足够的钱，她就去买一台电脑。(事实上她没有足够的钱)虚拟条件句：动词过去式（动词be用were)主句：should,would,might,could动词原形,2.表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果eg.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youshould/would/could/mighthavemetthefamoussinger.如果你早来几分钟的话，你就会（可能会）见到那个著名歌唱家。eg.IfIhadhadthemoneylastweek,Ishould/would/could/mighthaveboughtacar.如果我上星期有了这笔钱，我就会（可能）买1辆车。虚拟条件句：过去完成式(had+过去分词)主句：should,would,might,could+havedone,3、表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果eg.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Ishould/would/could/mightcometoseeyou.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。Ifitshouldrain,thecropsshould/would/could/mightbesaved.假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有可能）得救。Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theyshould/would/could/mightnotgoout.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。虚拟条件句：动词过去式should+动词原形wereto+动词原形主句：should,would,might,could+动词原形,动词过去式（动词be用were),should,would,might,could+动词原形,过去完成式(had+过去分词),should,would，might,could+havedone,1、动词过去式2、wereto+动词原形3、should+动词原形,should,would，might,could+动词原形,1)Ifeveryoneinthecountry_(know)firstaid,manylives_(save).(与现在事实相反)2)Ifthehurricane_(happen)duringtheday-time,there_(be)moredeaths.(与过去事实相反)3)Ifit_(rain)tomorrow,we_(notgo)out.(与将来事实相反),knew,wouldbesaved,hadhappened,wouldhavebeen,weretorain,shouldnotgo,Morepractice:,如果我是你，我就会努力学习,如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了,如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛,IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharderatmylessons.,IfIhadknownhistelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhim.,Ifitshouldweretorain,wewouldcalloffthematch.,使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：,.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句。动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。,Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.,IfyouhadpracticedspeakingEnglishmore,youwouldbeabletospeakitfluently.,如果你听了我的建议，你现在就会好些了。,如果你多练习讲英语，现在就能讲得很流利了。,Practice1)Ifthey_(study)hard,theycould_(do)iteasilynow.如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。2)Ifhe_(take)myadvice,hewouldnt_itmuchbetterlikethis.如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。,hadstudied,do,hadnottaken,do,2虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装当虚拟条件句中有动词were,had,should时可将if省去,而将were，had，should提到主语之前,形成省略倒装。1)_ittoraintomorrow，weshouldnotgoout.2)_itnotrainedyesterday,hewouldhavecometotheparty.3)_therebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?,Were,Had,Should,3.含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句，是暗含在单词、短语或上下文中，这时需要根据句中所表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词来判断此时需要采用的形式。常用without/butfor;or/orelse;otherwise等Without/Butforhishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.=Ifhishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.,therehadntbeen,Hemustlikeher,or(else)(=Ifhedidntlikeher)hewouldntkeepcallingher.Myparentsgavemethemoney.Otherwise(=ifmyparentshadntgivenmethemoney),Icouldnthaveaffordedthetrip.Fiveminutesearlierandyoucouldhavemetheratthestation.=Ifyouhadbeenherefiveminutesearlier,youcouldhavemetheratthestation.,1._forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheynot2.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_inlove,attheageofseven,withtheLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall3.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI_thefootballmatch.A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin,4.WithouttheleadershipoftheParty,there_noNewChina.A.wouldbeB.hasbeenC.shouldbeD.was5.-Ifhe_,he_thatfood.-Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarnedwouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarnedwouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarnedhadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarnedhadnottaken6.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_allrightnow.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen,7.Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome8.Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drovedidntgetB.drovewouldntgetC.weredri