Basic-Writing-CoursePPT课件

.,1,Chapter4,Developingparagraph,.,2,DevelopmentbyExample,Doyoupreferwritingwithexamplesorwithdryandabstractwords?Itisvividandconvincingtoillustrateviewsandpointswithinterestingandconvincingexamples.,.,3,Example:Givingmorespecificdetails.,.,4,Forexample:,1Doyoutalktoyourplants?2Doyougivethemloveandattention?3AccordingtoPeterTompkinsandChristopherBird,authorsofabookcalledTheSecretLifeofPlants,youshouldtalktothemandgivethemlove.4Theydescribeanexperimentinwhichtwoseedswereplantedindifferentplaces.5Whiletheplantsweregrowing,oneplantwasgivenloveandpositiveideas.6Theotherplantwasgivenonlynegativeideas.Aftersixmonths,thelovedplantwasbigger.7Undertheearth,ithadmoreandlongerroots;abovetheearth,ithadathickerstemandmoreleaves.8Sobecarefulwhenyouaretalkinginfrontofyourplants.9Theymaybelisteningtoyou!Student,.,5,Sentence4567-examples/detailsMoreconvincing!,.,6,WordsandphrasesusedforGivingSpecificdetails,Forexample/instance/onething.Asfollows,inpractice,letmeillustrate,letmeciteasproof,inpractice,accordingtostatistics,accordingtostatisticalevidence数据佐证.,.,7,DevelopmentbyComparisonandContrast,Contrast:dissimilaritiesComparison:similarities,.,8,Twowaysofpresentingsimilaritiesanddissimilarities,.,9,Blockpresentation:,TopicsentenceThing1:Aspect(1)Aspect(2)Aspect(3)Thing2:Aspect(1)Aspect(2)Aspect(3),.,10,Alternatingpresentation:,TopicsentenceAspect(1)Thing1:Thing2:Aspect(2)Thing1:Thing2:,.,11,上海，广州:人口，交通，环境，教育,.,12,A：Blockpresentation:,.,13,B：Alternatingpresentation:,.,14,Lifeinthecityhasbecomemoreandmoredifficultforpeopletocopewith.Inabigcity,stressiscausedbydailyhavingtocontendwithcrowdsofpeopleandrestrictedspace.Travelinrushhourscanbearealheadache.Pollutionofvariouskindsistheresultofindustrialization.Carsspewtoxicfumesintotheatmosphere.Noisebellowsoutfromeverysides.Allthesefactorsaddtothepressureofdailyexistenceinabigtown.Incontrast,lifeincountryvillageismuchmoreattractive.Herethepaceoflifeisgentle.Thereistimetoreflectonthebeautyoftheworld.Inavillage,lifeisclosertonature.Thechangingseasonscanbeclearlyobserved.Thereisamplespaceforeveryone,andfreshairtobreathe.A.G.Lee,.,15,A.Blockpresentation,.,16,Citylifeandcountrylifecanbeverydifferentfromeachother.Psychologicallycitypeopleliveundergreatstress.Theyhavetorushtoandfroeverydayamongcrowdsofpeopleinlimitedspace.Butthepaceoflifeinacountryvillageisgentleandrelaxed.Peopletherecamalwaysfindtimetoreflectontheattractivelandscape.Thereisamplespaceforeveryonetomovearound.Physicallycitypeoplehavetoputupwiththeairandnoisepollutionasaresultofindustrialization.Theysufferfromthejamonroadsandthenoisesfromeveryside.Incontrast,peopleinthecountrysideliveclosertonatureandfurtherfromthepollution.Theyhavefreshairtobreatheandcanenjoythechangingseasonsinpeaceandsolitude.,Sample3onpage107,.,17,B.Alternatingpresentation:,.,18,wordsandphrasesinmakingcomparisonandcontrast,Compare:ResembleResemblanceAs.so.InlikemannerHavesthincommonCommoncharacteristicsTobeparallelin.,.,19,Contrast:UnlikeWhileWhereasIncontrasttoOnthecontraryOntheoppositesideEvensoNevertheless,.,20,Developmentbycauseandeffect,“why”-reasons/causesReasons/causes-“why”,.,21,ThinkcarefullyListofcausesandeffectsLogicalrelationshiplogicalthinkingisveryimportantincauseandeffect,.,22,Wordsandphrases:AccordinglyThereasonforHaveaneffectonOwetoSeeingthat.鉴于，由于；因为Forfearthat.以免；以防万一,.,23,Exercise:,PutC/Ebeforeeachsentence_1)In1970aboutsixtysmallandmedium-sizedfactoriesintheU.S.Adoptedafour-dayworkweek._2)Accordingtotheplan,workersworkfortyhoursbutinsteadoftheusualfive-dayweek,theynowworkonlyfourdays._3)Workersareenthusiasticaboutthethree-dayweeklybreak._4)Accordingtomanagement,productivityhasincreasedabout18%sincetheinceptionofthenewplan._5)Absenteeismhasdroppedby69%andlatenessisalmostnon-existence.,C,E,E,E,E,.,24,DevelopmentbyClassification,Whenyouseethefollowingwordsandphrases:MainkindsofKindsofBasickindsMinorPrimary,secondarySimilar/similaritiesDissimilar/dissimilaritiesDifferencesOpposingoppositeClassifyDivideAttributesCharacteristicsQualities.,Accordingto,withrespecttoFallintocategoriesCanbedividedinto.Kinds/types/classes/parts,.,25,Thenyouknowtheyareusedforclassification.,.,26,Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthadallthestandardsetsandbest-seller-unread,untouched(thisdeludedindividualownswoodpulpandink,notbooks.)Thesecondhasagreatmanybook-afewofthemreadthrough,mostofthemdippedinto,butallofthemascleanandshinyasthedaytheywerebought.(thispersonwouldprobablyliketomakebookshisown,butisrestrainedbyafalserespectfortheirphysicalappearance.)Thethirdhasafewbooksormany-everyoneofthe