考研经济类词组翻译完整版.doc

proactive fiscal policy（积极的财政政策）moderately loose monetary policy 适度宽松的货币政策stimulus package 经济刺激政策 evitalization scheme for 10 major industries 十大产业振兴规划 risk control 风险控制 macro-regulation 宏观调控 人民币“跨境结算” cross-border settlement 加大货币发行量 quantitative easing fixed-asset investment 固定资产投资 unsalable products 积压产品 Unmarketable、purselling等词也可以用来表示“滞销” each link in distribution 每个流通环节 buying spree 收购潮 heavy loss 巨大损失 oversupply of vegetables 蔬菜供应量加大 战略性支柱产业 strategic pillar industrypillar industry（支柱产业）leading industry 主导产业 basic industry 基础产业 产业结构调整 industrial restructuring产业生态系统 industry eco-systememerging market 新兴市场 emerging technology 新兴技术 Emerging industry 新兴工业 renminbi clearing bank 人民币清算行 Clearing bank 清算银行 offshore yuan center 人民币离岸中心 QFII全称为Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors是“合格的境外机构投资者”的简称QE 全称为Quantitative Easing是“量化宽松货币政策”的简称反补贴税 countervailing dutiesone-off consumption就是指“一次性消费” one-off payment 一次性付款 purchasing on a sudden impulse 冲动购买/即兴购买 industry insider 业内人士luxury goods buyers 奢侈品买家 potential consumers 潜在消费者恐慌购买 panic buying强迫购物 forced shopping消费热潮 spending spree gold bug黄金投资者金本位”就是gold standard strong momentum 强劲势头 middle income trap就是指“中等收入陷阱” wide income inequality 收入差距增大 high environmental costs 较高的环境代价 inadequate domestic spending 国内消费不足 sustainable pattern 可持续发展模式dollar dominance 美元的主导地位 micro-credit company就是“小额贷款公司” private capital 民间资本 financial market 金融市场 credit market 信贷市场 red chip就是“红筹股” junk bond 垃圾股 bank run就是“银行挤兑” liquidity crunch资金紧缩 demand for withdrawals取款需求 credit order 信用秩序 bank panic 银行恐慌systemic banking crisis 系统性银行危机 从而引起economic recession 经济衰退 migrant buyers就是指“外地购房者Property-purchasing limitations就是“限购” second- and third-tier cities 二、三线城市 first-tier cities 一线城市 blueprint homes或blueprint housing就是“图纸房” simple blueprints of the project 简单的户型图 capital in the presale 预售款 forward-delivery housing 期房 advance fees 预付款 direct-sale store就是指“直营店factory shop 厂家直销店 chain store 连锁店 flagship store 旗舰店 franchised store 特许经营店 pro shop 专业店 exclusive shop 专卖店 outlet store 工厂店 outstanding external debt未偿付外债，即“外债余额external debt即“外债” short term external debt 短期外债 trade credit 贸易信贷 trade finance 贸易融资 dark pool就是“暗池交易” angel investment 天使投资 alternative trading systems 替代交易系统 institutional investor 机构投资者 off-market liquidity 场外资金 consolidated tape 证券买卖汇总记录带 over-the-counter transactions 场外交易 fall on debut新股破发initial offer price 发行价 IPO（Initial Public Offering，首次公开募股) would-be buyers/drivers 潜在购车者 self-owned brand 自主品牌 intellectual property 知识产权 brand awareness 品牌意识 brand effect 品牌效应 brand familiarity 品牌知名度 product placement 植入式广告price-rigging 操纵价格 monopoly profit 垄断利润 anti-competition behavior 反竞争行为 speculation and hoarding 囤积居奇price collusion合谋定价 digital film 数字电影circular-screen movie 环幕电影idle land闲置土地idle money 闲散资金，游资 vacant property 闲置地产 land hoarding 囤地 institutional financing 机构融资 microcredit programs 小额信贷项目 recoverable garbage 可回收垃圾 e-waste就是“电子垃圾”或“电子废弃物” brand copycats山寨trademark infringement 商标侵权行为quality goods 正品 business class就是“商务舱”economy class / tourist class（经济舱first class 头等舱 high-end travelers 高端乘客 premium economy class 豪华经济舱 tablet PC就是平板电脑 touch screen 触摸屏 Netbook 上网本 family-run management就是指“家族式管理private enterprises 民营企业 core family核心家庭retaliatory price rebound就是“报复性反弹” retaliatory duty/tariff 报复性关税low-rent housing廉租房affordable housing经济适用房social security housing社会保障房interest rate hike cycle就是指“加息周期” imported inflation输入型通胀property bubble资产泡沫speculative demands投机性需求inflation fear通胀恐慌local government-backed investment units地方融资平台inflation expectations通胀预期hard landing指“硬着陆soft landing软着陆cooling measures in the property market房地产市场降温措施higher down payment requirements for first-time buyers提高首次购房者的首付比例nationwide suspension of loan lending for third home purchases 全面叫停第三套房贷International Comparison Program 国际比较项目，简称ICP purchasing power parity就是“购买力平价”，简写为PPP低通货膨胀low inflation急剧通货膨胀galloping inflation恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation需求拉动通胀demand-pull inflation成本推动通胀cost-push inflation固有型通货膨胀built-in inflationtrade imbalance就是“贸易失衡” trade surplus（贸易顺差）trade deficit（贸易逆差）trade balance贸易差额global economic imbalances（全球经济失衡currency policies（货币政策）trade protectionism（贸易保护主义）financial regulatory reform（金融监管改革）global settlement currency就是“国际结算货币”invoicing currency（计价货币）freely convertible currency（可自由兑换货币）hard currency（硬货币weak currency（软货币）speculative demands就是指“投机性需求” rigid demand（刚性需求）elastic demand（弹性需求）abnormal demand（反常需求、异常需求）speculation and profiteering（投机倒把）pricing regime定价机制household wealth就是指“家庭财富” household debt（家庭负债property-for-residency scheme（购房移民计划）Capital Investment Entrant Scheme（资本投资者入境计划property bubble（地产泡沫）commercial residential houses（商品房）budget homes 廉价房rent-to-buy program（先租后买项目）wage formation mechanism指的是“工资形成机制” low-end labor market即“低端劳动力市场” migrant worker（农民工）labor shortage（用工荒）time-honored brand老字号net bargainer就是指“网络议价师factory prices（出厂价）bargain basement（减价商品部）bargain hunter（减价品搜寻者，专买便宜货的人）bargain book（特价图书，廉价图书）net capital的意思是“净资本” working/circulating capital（流动资金）fixed capital（固定资本）human capital（人力资本）physical capital（物质资本）trade rows就是“贸易纠纷” anti-dumping duties（反倾销税）anti-subsidies investigation（反补贴调查）special protectionist tariffs（特保关税）export control（出口管制）super online banking system“超级网银interbank transfers（跨行转账interbank balance inquiries（跨行余额查询）home banking（家居银行）local government-backed investment units就是我们说的“地方融资平台financing vehicles（融资工具）MTN（medium term note，中期票据corporate bonds（企业债券） carbon exchange centers就是指“碳交易中心carbon emissions（碳排放energy consumption（能耗）administrative measures（行政措施market-based means（市场手段）housing vacancy rate就是指“住房空置率investors-owners（投资业主）field testing（现场测试house inspector就是“验房师” standards regulated by the government（政府制定的标准tail-raising factor就是指“翘尾因素”，也称为carryover effects（滞后影响）PMI，purchase management index（采购经理人指数）PPI，producer price index（工业品出场价格指数）luxury goods market（奢侈品市场）stress test指的是“压力测试” stress tolerance（抗压能力）hi-tech export control（高科技出口管制one-off revaluation就是“一次性重估调整” service outsourcing industry就是“服务外包行业” 信息技术外包服务”（Information Technology Outsourcing，简称ITO）业务流程外包服务”（Business Process Outsourcing，简称BPO）dual-currency card就是指“双币卡”third-party payment platform（第三方支付平台）POS point of sales 销售点终端机counting fee就是指“点钞费payment /clearing system（支付体系）Non-cash payment instruments（非现金支付工具debit card（借记卡）credit card（信用卡）private investment就是指“民间投资”Monopoly industry垄断行业refugee money（外逃资本）hoarding and profiteering 囤积居奇 business misconduct（商业不正当行为）tiered pricing for electricity（阶梯电价）save energy and cut emissions（节能减排）high energy-consuming industry（高耗能产业）auto replacement（汽车以旧换新）energy efficient products（节能产品congestion fee就是指“交通拥堵费” 单双号限行：odd-and-even license plate rule错时上下班：staggered rush hour plan公交专用车道：bus lane快速公交专用车道: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) vehicle and vessel tax就是“车船使用税tax refund（退税，税收返还）individual income tax（个人所得税value-added tax（增值税mobile payment就是指“移动支付”illegal business dealing（非法经营）insider trading（内幕交易）corporate bribery（单位行贿）回扣（kickback）手续费（commission fee）contract violation就是指“合同违约”back pay（拖欠薪水）labor arbitration（劳动仲裁）liquidated damages（违约金）late payment（逾期付款）incomplete/unfinished building（烂尾楼）non-owner-occupier 非自住业主price difference（差价）seckilling “秒杀” central enterprise就是“中央企业”，简称“央企”merger（兼并）、consolidation（合并）和regrouping（重组）social security tax就是指“社会保障税” social security fee（社会保险费）social security fund（社保基金）windfall tax（暴利税）inheritance tax（遗产税）financial services park “金融服务区business park（工商业园区）high-tech park（高新技术园区）demonstration park（示范园区）residential land就是“居住用地” well-being issue（民生问题）houses with limited property rights（小产权房）dodgy service center冒牌服务中心guarantee period保修期正规服务中心genuine service center正式服务中心official service center 授权服务中心authorized service center revaluation of the renminbi（对人民币汇率重新评估）rate fine-tuning（汇率微调currency appreciation（货币升值）appreciate sharply（升值过猛）huge job losses（大量就业岗位消失）second board（创业板）free sightseeing e-coupon就是指“免费景区电子门票” malfeasant/unfair competition（不正当竞争）warrantee period（保质期）business misconduct “商业不正当行为one-stop service（一站式服务）economic development model “经济发展模式industrial restructuring（产业结构调整）on-site recruiting “现场招聘”asset bubble “资产泡沫bubble economy（泡沫经济）stock market bubble（股市泡沫abor shortage “劳动力短缺labor surplus/redundance（劳动力过剩surplus rural workers（农村剩余劳动力）left-behind children 留守儿童labor intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive（知识密集型technology-intensive（技术密集型discount rate “贴现率”courier firm “快递公司” 房地产市场 real estate market/property market房地产市场过热 overheated property sector房价 property price/housing price普通购房者 private homebuyer房产中介 real estate agent首付 down payment分期付款 payment by installment月供 monthly installment payment廉租房 low-rent housing经济适用房 affordable housing闲置地产 vacant property现房 complete apartment期房 forward delivery housing商品房 commercial residential building政策性住房 policy-related house按揭购房 buy a house on mortgage二手房 second-hand house物业税 property tax购房契税 property deed tax印花税 property stamp duty囤地 land reserves楼层建筑面积 floor space塔楼 tower building一期/二期 first/second stage板楼 slab-type apartment building容积率capacity rate停车位 parking space住房公积金贷款 housing provident fund/ housing accumulation fund房产证 property ownership certificate炒房者 real estate speculator观望态度 wait-and-watch attitude房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate增值地价 added-value fees投机性房产交易 speculative property transactions房地产泡沫 property bubble商业地产 commercial property住宅地产 residential property售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）leaseback土地使用证 land use certificate商住综合楼 commercial/residential complex地段等级 ocation classification重点开发区 key zones for development旧区改造 reconstruction of old area折旧费 depreciation allowances维修费 allowances for repairs and maintenance抵押贷款欠额 unpaid mortgage balance便利设施 amenities分租合住的经济公寓 tenement社区community钉子户 nail household描述经济危机的词汇：经济危机 economic crisis/ financial crisis/ financial turmoil/financial meltdown经济不景气 recession/ bleeding economy/ depression/sluggish economy萧条期 slump失业 lose ones job/ be unemployed/ be redundant失业加剧 job losses mount/ unemployment climb实现transparency in transactions（交易透明）authorized suppliers（得到授权的供应商）CPO（Chief-Procurement-Officer）“首席采购官，采购总监” cost-benefit analysis/cost-utility analysis（成本效益分析stock index futures就是指“股指期货”Financial futures金融期货：futures exchange外汇期货、interest rate futures利率期货initial margins初始保证、financial derivative 金融衍生品 risk shifting风险转移financial derivative金融衍生品future transaction期货交易outbound investment就是“境外投资”或“对外投资” foreign investment就是“外资land conveyance fees（土地出让金）land revenues（土地收益）bilateral trade就是“双边贸易multilateral trade（多边贸易）compensation trade（补偿贸易leasing trade（租赁贸易credit expansion就是“信用扩张”credit contraction（信用紧缩）malicious overdraft（恶意透支）credit investigation system（征信制度）year-end promotion“年末促销”durable goods就是“耐用品vacant property“闲置地产moveable property 动产hidden income隐性收入regular income常规收入“隐性成本” implicit cost隐性失业”是recessive unemployment differential pricing “差别计价unit pricing（单位价格）overdraft limit（透支额度）debit card（借记卡）test screening就是“试映trial operation 试运行、试车trial and error（反复试验）float (send up) a trial balloon（试探舆论field trial（现场试验preferred workplace就是“理想雇主incremental cost就是指“边际成本”marginal cost genetically modified organism 简称GMO，转基因生物sublet house就是指“转租房屋”migrant population（流动人口letting market（租赁市场）debt standstill“暂停偿债”rate fine-tuning “汇率微调ground-source heat “地热” circular economy 循环经济non-residential electricity “非居民用电”energy conservation awareness（节能意识）resource efficient and environment-friendly society（能源节约和环境友好型社会）pre-order就是“预购Sino-US trade tie（中美贸易关系）FDI（foreign direct investment，外国直接投资foreign-invested companies（外资公司）factory-gate price “出厂价格” purchase price（进货价格）preferential price（优惠价）market price（市场价）wireless local area network（WLAN，无线局域网）free in-flight Wi-Fi service（免费机舱无线上网）rat trading就是指“老鼠仓light rail train“轻轨列车” ordinary passenger train（普通客运列车）fast/rapid train（快速列车）、express train（特快列车）、through train（直快列车）、 stopping train/slow train（慢车）、nonstop express（直达特快列车）、bullet train（动车）inflation expectation就是指“通胀预期” inflation rate（通货膨胀率）investment-led growth（投资拉动型增长）domestic consumption（国内消费）buyout就是指“买断工龄” pay cuts（降薪）buy out还可以表示“全部买进，买断/收购全部或大部分股份” buy-in却也是表示“买进、大量购买” timeshare的意思是“分时使用的度假房”，或“分时度假房” timeshare broker（分时度假房产经纪）tunnel-bridge就是“隧桥”credit investigation就是“征信” credit report（信用报告）credit file（信用档案）credit agency/organization（征信机构）credit limit（信用额度）rich list就是指“富豪榜” self-made（白手起家的）personal wealth （个人财富）net assets（净资产）ranking list of universities（大学排行榜）stand-alone pavilion就是“独立展馆” exhibition hall（展览馆rich second generation nouveau riche（新兴富裕）customs checkpoint就是指“海关检查站”reciprocal tariff（互惠关税）customs union（关税同盟）regional tariff（地区性关税）retaliatory tariff（报复性关税punitive import tariff （惩罚性进口关税）law-abiding business people（守法商人）product placement“植入式广告”隐性广告（recessive advertisement）软广告（blind advertising）special protectionist tariffs“惩罚性关税”unfair competition（不公平竞争）trade war（贸易战）solo vocal concert“个人演唱会” high-speed rail就是指“高速铁路” passenger rail lines（客运专线） high-speed rail network（高速铁路专线网）ticket scalper（票贩子）黄牛freight service（货运服务）joint bid就是指“联合竞标” first-half earnings report（上半年财报）listed company（上市工司）wherewithal（必要的资金public bidding（公开招标bidding documents（投标文件）bid bond（投标押金）performance bond（履约保证金）bidding block（拍卖会场）non-compete agreement “竞业禁止协议”insider information（内部消息）confidentiality agreement（保密协议）search traffic（搜索流量local rival（本土竞争者）market share（市场份额）business zone（商业区）economic development zone（经济开发区）free zone（外贸免税区）free trade zone（自由贸易区）back-to-school shopping season “返校购物季” dead season或dull season（萧条季节，淡季）繁忙时节（rush season）转手交易wing transaction high-roller指“富人” budgetary funds指“预算内资金”Small coffer 小金库splurge common property（挥霍公共财物）social institutions（社会团体）state-run companies（国有企业）and state-holding companies（国有控股企业）watchdog指的就是“监察部门，监督部门” fake / counterfeit goods（假货）consumer watchdog（消费维权机构）watchdog journalism / supervision by public opinion（舆论监督）consumer rights（消费者权益monopoly price就是指“垄断价格price cutting（大减价）price packing（故意提高开价, 以便藉口削价出售而实际赚大钱）selling price（售价）tag price（标价）monopoly profit（垄断利润）extended edition “加长版”、 portable edition（携带版）、special edition （特藏本） abridged edition（节略本）、pocket edition（袖珍版）extend meaning（引申义）an extended coverage（增加的保险承保范围）liquefied natural gas就是“液化天然气”，简称LNG“液化石油气”则是liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）page-rank就是指“网页排名”或者“网页等级” SEO（Search engine optimization（搜索引擎优化）real-time display（实时播放）real time information（实时信息）real-time search（实时搜索）sell-off就是“抛售” 表示股票价格“下跌”的动词很多，像dive，nosedive， plunge，plummet， tumble等这些动词都是形容股票的“大幅下跌”表示股票“小幅下跌”，可以用dip，edge down，slip lower等。如果要表示股票“大幅快速下跌”，则可以用crash，collapse，crumble，slump等。work out a practical scheme（制订出一个切实可行的计划）roughs out a scheme（草拟了一个计划） new investor compensation scheme（新的投资者赔偿机制）bubble scheme（空头计划、骗局）food stamp就是“食品券” “印花税”就是tax stampthe stamp of the age就是“时代的特征profit warning就是指“盈利预警”“发布盈利预警”issue a profit warning“毛/净利” gross/net profits small profits and quick returns（薄利多销）fat profit（巨额利润）reap profits at the expense of others（损人利已）预警机制warning systemtax shelter就是指“避税Abusive tax shelter意思就是“滥用避税手段” over-the-counter market（OTC）就是指“店头市场” over-leverage就是经济领域的“过度杠杆化” de-leverage就是“去杠杆化”commercial leverage就是指“商业调节手段”short selling就是我们在股市里经常提到的“卖空”或“作空”“股票卖空的比例”则是short interest ratioA short sale就是指我们常听说的“空头交易” down payment首付payment by installment（分期付款）required reserve ratio就是指“法定准备金率”flag-down fare起步价foreclosure止赎权foreclose做动词表示“取消抵押品赎回权” credit ceilings就是指“贷款限额”a windfall tax就暴利税Anti-piracy反盗版tax rebate出口退税失业人数 jobless number找工作 seek employment找工作者 job seeker严峻的就业形势 a tough job market欠薪 withhold wage减薪 salary cut信心下滑 confidence slump经济复苏 economic recovery经济危机的影响 the crisis fallout从以下词汇中可以大致了解我国在应对经济危机过程中所做的努力：应对危机 face the crisis/ meet the crisis/ fight crisis重建信心 confidence reconstruction遏制衰退 containing declines减缓衰退 slow down declines安居工程 affordable/comfortable housing project安置职工 staffing保八 eight-percent protection成本削减 cost-cutting创造新的就业 generate new employment刺激消费 stimulate consumer spending恢复 revive/ recovery/ turnaround积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy减少裁员 refrain from laying off employees减员 cut the salaried work force结构调整 structural adjustment经济刺激方案 stimulus package/ stimulus plan就业指导 career guidance抗风险能力 anti-risk capability扩大内需 propel/ drive/ expand domestic demand基础设施建设 infrastructure construction减免税收 tax relief例行节约 practice economy适度宽松的货币政策 moderately loose monetary policy削减生产 slash production消费券 consumption coupon小额贷款 loans of small amounts政府紧急援助 government bailout政府做某事的决心 governments vow to do sth.中小型企业 SMEscomplete apartment（现房）homegrown film就是“本土电影government procurement就是“政府采购”government purchasing procedure（政府采购程序）marginal cost genetically modified organism 简称GMO，转基因生物sublet house就是指“转租房屋”migrant population（流动人口letting market（租赁市场）debt standstill“暂停偿债”rate fine-tuning “汇率微调ground-source heat “地热” circular economy 循环经济non-residential electricity “非居民用电”energy conservation awareness（节能意识）resource efficient and environment-friendly society（能源节约和环境友好型社会）pre-order就是“预购Sino-US trade tie（中美贸易关系）FD