英语国家概况-谢福之-修正-判断题

Chapter11. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. *2. The Severn River is the longest river of Britain, which originates in Wales and flows through western England.*3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. *4. In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.*5. Although the climate in Britain is generally mild, the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below -10 in January . *6. The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.*7. The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.*8. English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.*Chapter2 p291. British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.*2. The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the 5th century.*3. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxons tribes exercised power at their own will. *4. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.*5. Henry built up a large empire which included England and most of France.*6. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.*7. The Hundred YearsWar (1337-1453) was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.*8. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabethactually defended the fruit of the Reformation.*Chapter3 p411. Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the British government.*2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.*3. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.*4. The British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.*5. The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.*6. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.*7. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.*8. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.*Chapter4 p511. British was the first industrialized nation in the world.*2. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.*3. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain after World War.*4. Thatchers revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.*5. The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservative Party.*6. Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics from economic policy.*7. Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.*8. Nuclear power is one of the major energy source in Britain.*Chapter5 p631. The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.*2. Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.*3. The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.*4. When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.*5. Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.*6. The Times is the worlds oldest Sunday newspapers.*7. The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.*8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar, and some others are related to local customs and traditions.*Chapter 6 p781. The Canterbury Tales is a representive work of the Old English period.”*”2. The renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.”*”3. As a great English poet,Alexander Pope also tanslated Homers Iliad.”*”4. Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece. “*”5. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.”*”6. Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as Ode to the West Wind.”*”7. Jane Austen is a well-known novelist of the stream of consciousness school. “*”8. Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II. “*” Chapter8p1101. TheeasternhighlandsformedbytheAppalachiansholdonethirdofthecountryscontinentalterritory.*2. TheclimateintheUnitedStatescanbeclassifiedastemperate,withsomemildsubtropicalandtropicalzones.*3. AlmostthroughthemiddleoftheUnitedStates,northtosouth,runsawell-known50-centimeterrainfallline.*4. NewYorkisthecommercialandfinancialcenteroftheUnitedStates,anditiscomposedoffiveboroughsincludingManhattan,Brooklyn,theBronx,StatenIsland,andQueens.*5. SanFranciscoisthesecondlargestcityafterNewYorkandtheworldfamousHollywoodandDisneylandarelocatedhere.*6. Duringthe1830sand1840s,manynorthernEuropeansandIrishimmigrantscametoAmerica.*7. AlmosthalfoftheimmigrantscomingtotheUnitedStatesinthe1980swereAsians.*8. BasicAmericanculturalvaluesarefreedom,equalityanddesiretoworkhardforahigherstandardofliving.*Chapter9p1221. AmericawasnamedafterAmerigoVespucci,whoarrivedonthenewcontinentafterColumbus.* 2. ThesecondContinentalCongresswasheldinPhiladelphia,andtheContinentalArmyandNavywerefoundedunderthecommandofThomasJefferson.*3. The American CivilWarnotonlyputanendtoslavery,butalsodecidedthatAmeRica wasasingle,indivisiblenation.*4. Most AmericanpeopleapprovedoftheVietnamWar.*5. In1990,AmericantroopsandthetroopsfromalliednationslaunchedOperationDesertStorminordertodriveIraqitroopsoutofKuwait.*6. AccordingtotheAmericanadministration,SaddamHusseinandOsamabinLadenwereresponsiblefortheterroristeventonSeptember11,2001.*7. TheBush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the “axis of the evil.” ”*8. OnMarch20,2003,AmericanandUnitedNationstroops,supportedbyseveralothercountries,begananinvasionofIraq.*Chapter10p1361. The BillofRightswaswrittenintotheConstitutionin1787.*2. TheformofAmericangovernmentisbasedonthreemainprinciples:federalism,theseparationofpowers,andrespectfortheConstitutionandtheruleoflaw.*3. TheU.S.Congressisthelegislativebranchofthefederalgovernmentanditconsistsoftwohouses:theHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLords.*4. Thejudicialbranchofthefederalgovernmentconsistsofaseriesofcourts:theSupremeCourt,thecourtsofappealsandthedistrictcourts.*5. TheDemocraticPartyisconservativeintermsofitsideology.*6. TheAmericanpresidentialcampaignadherestothewinner-take-allpractice.*7. TheAmericanforeignpolicythroughouttheWorldWarIIwasneutrality.*8. TheAmericanforeignpolicyduringtheColdWarperiodwascontainmentandintervention.*Chapter11p1471. Americaistheworldslargestindustrialnation.*2. IntheU.S.Constitution,therecognitionoftheimportanceofintellectualpropertycouldbeidentified.*3. AlthoughslaverywasabolishedasaresultoftheCivilWar,theownersofplantationintheSouthmademoreprofitsfromsellingtheiragricultureproducts.*4. PresidentRooseveltsNewDealhadlittleeffectindealingwiththeeconomiccrisisintheearly1930s.*5. The1960swasaperiodofconsolidationfortheAmericanbusinesses.*6. Americanagriculturalexportsoutweighimports,leavingasurplusintheagriculturalbalanceoftrade.*7. AutoproductionisoneoftheimportantsectorsinAmericanmanufacturingindustry.*8. TheworldeconomyhaslittletodowiththegrowthanddeclineoftheAmericanforeigntrade.*Chapter12p1601. EducationisgovernedbystateandlocalgovernmentsinsteadofthenationalgovernmentinAmerica.*2. AllAmericanchildrenareoffered12yearsofcompulsorypubliceducation.*3. After12yearsofschooling,Americanstudentsreceiveabachelorsdegreeatgraduation.*4. Whenselectingacollegeoruniversity,undergraduatestudentshaveagreatconcernforitssize,locationandacademicquality.*5. Usually,anundergraduatestudenthastoearn120creditstoreceiveadegree.*6. YaleuniversityisthesecondeldestinstitutionofhigherlearningintheUnitedStates.*7. ItisTheNewYorkTimesthatfirstuncoveredtheWatergateScandalin1972throughtheeffortsof