动词时态语态1.doc

2015届高三（ ）英语一轮复习导学案 班级_ 姓名_ 使用时间_动词时态语态（一）考点一、一般体一、一般现在时Around two oclock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat bothers us.(2013湖南高考)每晚两点左右，休就开始说梦话。这使我们有点烦心。I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.我上小学时就知道了地球围绕太阳转。So long as he works hard, I dont mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。1主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time等时间状语。2表示客观规律和永恒真理。3在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day；条件：if, unless, provided, so/as long as。4用于here, there开头的倒装句中，一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。二、一般过去时Could you please repeat your address? I didnt quite catch it.你能不能再重复一下你的地址？我没听清。Long time no see! Havent you graduated from college?Yes. I studied English for four years in Nanjing.好久不见！你大学毕业了吗？毕业了，我在南京学了四年英语。I always got up late, and never had enough time for breakfast.我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。I felt very tired when I got home, and I went straight to bed.(2013重庆高考)我到家的时候感到非常累，就直接上床睡觉了。1表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等。2表示过去一段时间内完成的动作。3表示过去经常、反复发生的动作。4在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示过去将来的动作。三、一般将来时“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs Crawford. “Oh, I will be president，” said the boy, with a smile.(2013湖南高考)“你想成为什么样的人？”克劳福德夫人问。“哦，我要当总统。”小男孩笑着说。Do you know Mr Smith has come to our town?No. I will go and visit him right now.你知道史密斯先生来我们镇了吗？不知道。我现在就去看他。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看这乌云，要下雨了。Close the door of fear behind you, and you will see the door of faith open before you.(2012湖南高考)关上你身后的恐惧之门，你将会发现信心之门在你面前敞开。We must hurry up. The first class begins at 8 oclock.我们必须快点。第一节课将在8点开始。1将来时的构成为will/shall/be going to动词原形。表示一个将要发生的动作或状态。2will, shall表示将来，有时含偶然性、临时性决定的意思。3“be going to动词原形”多用在口语中，表示“计划、打算要做某事”，此外，be going to还可表示根据现在的迹象对未来进行推断。4“祈使句and/or句子”，这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。5某些动词的一般现在时可以表示计划、安排将要做的事情，此种用法常常用于火车时刻、飞机时刻、电影开演、作息安排等时刻表上。随堂检测：1If we _ now to protect the environment, well live to regret it.Ahadnt actedBhavent acted Cdont act Dwont act2I didnt think Id like the movie, but actually it _ pretty good.Ahas been Bwas Chad been Dwould be3Im calling about the apartment you _ the other day. Could you tell me more about it?Aadvertised Bhad advertised Care advertising Dwill advertise4Do you think Mom and Dad _ late?No, Swiss Air is usually on time.Awere Bwill be Cwould be Dhave been考点二、进行体四、现在进行时Hurry up, kids！The school bus is waiting for us！(2013四川高考)孩子们，快点！校车在等我们！I dont really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不真正在这里上班，我只是来帮忙，直到新秘书来了(我就走)。“The moment is coming soon，” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.(2012湖南高考)“这一刻就要来到了，”他自思自忖，紧张地等待着。He is always making the same mistake, which makes his teacher upset.他总是犯同样的错误，这使他的老师生气。1现在进行时的构成为am/is/aredoing。表示某阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事，虽然此时动作不一定正在进行，常与these days, this week等时间状语连用。2现在进行时还可表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，这类动词主要有：go, come, leave, stay, start, arrive, land, meet, move, return, stay, stop, do等。3表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪，常与always, continually, constantly, forever, all the time等连用。五、过去进行时Jim was watching a latenight film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.(2013陕西高考)吉姆正在家里看午夜电影，就在看到一个惊险场面的时候，电视变得一片空白。The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.当那个男孩的父亲下班回来时，他正在做作业。I was coming to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.(2013江西高考)我打算那天晚些时候去看你，但是不得已打电话取消了。1过去进行时的构成为was/weredoing。表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。2表示运动和位置移动的动词可以用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这类动词主要有leave, start, arrive, go, come等。六、将来进行时I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I will be flying to Shanghai.(2012辽宁高考)我觉得特别兴奋！明天早晨这个时候我就要飞往上海了。The places of interest in Xian attract my family all the time, and I hope we will be enjoying ourselves this time next year.(2014陕西五校模拟)西安的名胜古迹一直吸引着我们一家人，我希望明年的这个时候我们正玩得愉快。将来进行时的构成为willbedoing。表示将来某一时刻或阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。随堂检测5Hurry up! Mark and Carol _ us.Aexpect Bare expecting Chave expected Dwill expect6I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry. But I _ my homework.Ahad done Bwas doing Cwould to Dam doing7Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure.I _ a report at home.Awill be writing Bwill have written Chave written Dhave been writing动词时态语态（二）考点三、完成体七、现在完成时Have you heard about the recent election?Sure, it has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.(2013湖南高考)你听说过近期的选举吗？当然了，它是近来三天新闻中唯一的事情了。His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.他的第一本小说自从上个月出版之后就很受欢迎。It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.这是自从我到这个学校以来所参加过的最有教育意义的讲座。This is the first time that we have faced such a problem.这是我们第一次面对这样的问题。1现在完成时的构成为have/hasdone表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态到说话时刚刚完成或结束。现在完成时常与up to now, so far, already, yet, now, recently, in the past few years, just等表示时间的词连用。2用于时间、条件状语从句中，表示将来要完成的动作或一个动作先于另一个动作。3在“It (This) is the best (worst, most interesting等)名词从句”中，从句中的谓语用现在完成时。4在“It (This) is (will be) the first/second/third . timethat从句”中，that从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时。八、过去完成时Tom and I became friends in 2000, although we had actually met several years before.汤姆和我在2000年成为朋友，尽管在几年前我们就见过面。I had intended to call on you, but I had an unexpected visitor.我本来打算去看你，但是来了一位不速之客。Hardly had the speaker finished his speech when the audience kept asking him questions.演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated from college.杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.这是她第二次看见她的祖父了。1过去完成时的构成为haddone。表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语(before, after, by, up till)，这种时态从来不孤立使用。2动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。3在“hardly (scarcely). when ., no sooner . than .”句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意思为“一就”。4by, by the end, by the time, until, before, since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句，主句用过去完成时。5表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。九、将来完成时By the time Mr Smith arrives at the supermarket, we will have stayed there for one hour.(2014西安检测)等到史密斯先生到达超市时，我们将已经在那里待一个小时了。By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students.到明年的这个时候，你们大家就都成为大学生了。将来完成时的构成为willhavedone。主要表示某一动作到将来某个时间完成，上下文情景中常含有by短语，如by six oclock, by the weekend, by the end of next month等。十、现在完成进行时The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.自从上午9点经理就一直告诉工人如何改善这一方案。You have been saying you can succeed for five years.五年来你一直在说你能成功。Too much has been happening today.今天真是一个多事的日子。 1现在完成进行时的构成为have/hasbeendoing。表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。2表示重复性动作。3表示某种感情色彩。十一、过去完成进行时When Alice came to, she did not know how long she had been lying there.(2011全国)当艾丽丝苏醒过来的时候，她不知道自己已在那儿躺了多久。(表示lie这一动作先于did not know，且lie这一动作还在进行)She told me that she had been studying French for 5 years.她告诉我她已经学习法语5年了。(动作仍继续)She told me that she had been waiting for me for an hour.她告诉我她已经等我一个钟头了。(动作不再继续)过去完成进行时的构成为hadbeendoing。主要表示过去某一时间以前一直在进行的动作。表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始并延续到过去某一时间。这一动作可能已经停止也可能还在进行。随堂检测8During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs _ sharply.Awas increasing Bhas increased Chad increased Dwill be increasing9He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all, he _ it for a very long time.Ahas had Bhad had Chas Dhad10The girl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.Atook Bis taking Ctakes Dhas been taking考点四、语态一、被动语态的构成The window is dirty.I know. It hasnt been cleaned for weeks.窗户脏了。我知道。好几周没擦了。All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.除了经理以外所有的雇员都被鼓励在家网上办公。The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.如果人们被说服了吃更多的水果和蔬菜，那么死于心脏病的人数将大大减少。时体现在过去将来过去将来一般is/am/are donewas/were donewill/shall be donewould/should be done进行is/am/are being donewas/were being done完成have/has been donehad been donewill/shall have been donewould/should have been done点津“get过去分词”表示被动。二、主动表示被动的用法She proves very patient and warmhearted.她被证明既有耐心又很热心。No matter how hard he tried, the door wouldnt open.不管他怎么努力开门，门就是打不开。What about the books?这些书怎么样？Books of this kind sell well.这种书很畅销。The house his grandmother lives in needs repairing/to be repaired.他祖母住的房子需要维修。1“系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep形容词/名词”构成系表结构。2表示主语的某种属性特征的不及物动词，如read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut等，可用主动形式表示被动含义。3动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时，后接不定式的被动形式或动名词的主动形式意义相同。随堂检测1We are confident that the environment _ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.A .had been improved B.will be improved Cis improved Dwas improved2So what is the procedure?All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.A interview Bare interviewing Care interviewed Dare being interviewed3If nothing _， the oceans will turn into fish deserts.Adoes Bhad been done Cwill do Dis done动词时态语态（三）考点五 易混易错8比较1、 一般现在时与现在进行时的比较规律总结一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性或永久性的状态；现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，或现阶段一直进行的动作(说话时未必正在做)。Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much.青少年正在损害自己的健康，因为他们玩的电脑游戏太多了。Around two oclock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat bothers us.(2013湖南高考)每天晚上两点左右，苏就说梦话。这使我们有点烦心。1Hurry up! Mark and Carol _ us.AexpectBare expecting Chave expected Dwill expect2On Monday mornings it usually _ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.Atakes Bis taking Ctook Dwill take3“Life is like walking in the snow”， Granny used to say, “because every step _.”Ahas shown Bis showing Cshows Dshowed2、 一般现在时与现在完成时的比较规律总结一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性或永久性的状态；现在完成时则强调过去发生的动作到现在已完成，或过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。I do all the cooking for my family, but recently I have been too busy to do it.通常由我给家人做饭，但最近我太忙了，没时间做。1When I first met Bryan I didnt like him, but I _ my mind.Ahave changed BChange Chad changed Dwould change2If we _ now to protect the environment, well live to regret it.Ahadnt acted Bhavent acted Cdont act Dwont act3Have you heard about the recent election?Sure, it _ the only thing on the news for the last three days.Awould be BIs Chas been Dwill be3、 一般过去时与现在完成时的比较规律总结一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或情况，常与过去时间状语连用。而现在完成时表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或情况，常与一段时间连用；一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或情况，与现在没什么联系；现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already，ever, never, yet, just等词连用。I felt very tired when I got home, and I went straight to bed.(2013重庆高考)我到家时感到很累，就直接上床睡觉了。Have you seen my dictionary?Yes, I saw it on your bed yesterday.你见过我的词典吗？是的，我昨天看见在你床上。1What about your selfdrive trip yesterday?Tiring! The road is being widened, and we _ a rough ride.Ahad BHave Cwould have Dhave had2It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school. Aattended Bhad attended Cam attending Dhave attended 4、 一般过去时与过去完成时的比较规律总结一般过去时表示动作发生在过去；而过去完成时表示在过去某个动作发生之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”。 I had intended to call on you, but I had an unexpected visitor.我本来打算去看你，但是来了一位不速之客。 Tom and I became friends in 2000, although we had actually met several years before.汤姆和我在2000年成为朋友，尽管在这几年前我们就见过面。1He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all, he _ it for a very long time.Ahas had Bhad hadChas Dhad2Im calling about the apartment you _ the other day. Could you tell me more about it?Aadvertised Bhad advertised Care advertising Dwill advertise5、 一般过去时与过去进行时的比较规律总结一般过去时仅说明动作发生在过去，不强调动作的延续性；而过去进行时则强调在过去某一时间正在进行的动作。After Jack had sent some emails, he started working on his project.(2012山东高考)杰克发了一些电子邮件后，就开始做起他的项目。Did you catch what I said?Sorry. I was answering a text message just now.(2012四川高考)你听懂我所说的了吗？对不起，我刚刚在回短信。1 I to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel. A.come B.cameC.am coming D.was coming2Our friendship _ quickly over the weeks that followed.Ahad developed Bwas developing Cwould develop Ddeveloped6、 一般将来时与将来进行时的比较规律总结一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态；而将来进行时强调将来某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。I am busy reviewing my lessons because I will have an exam tomorrow.我正忙着复习，因为明天要考试。I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I will be flying to Shanghai.(2012辽宁高考)我感觉很兴奋！明早的这个时候我将飞往上海。1Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure. I _ a report at home.Awill be writing Bwill have written Chave written Dhave been writing解析：选A根据第一句中出现的时间状语tomorrow morning可知，“在家写报告”是将来正要做的事情，所以用将来进行时。2Close the door of fear behind you, and you _ the door of faith open before you.Asaw Bhave seen Cwill see Dare seeing7、 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较规律总结现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态到现在已经完成，侧重于结果或影响；而现在完成进行时则表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在，并且还在进行，强调动作的延续性。This disease has dropped considerably in the past few years. 近几年这种病的发病率大大降低了。The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.(2012全国卷)自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人如何改善这一方案。1Oh no! Were too late. The train _.Thats OK. Well catch the next train to London.Awas leaving Bhad left Chas left Dhas been leaving2The girl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.Atook Bis taking Ctakes Dhas been taking8、 be going to与will表将来的比较规律总结be going to表示按计划或安排将要发生的事情；而will不强调行为的计划性，多指临时的决定或安排。Mary is ill. I am going to visit her.Sorry, I didnt know. I will go with you.玛丽病了，我打算去看她。抱歉我不知道，我和你一起去。1By the time you have finished this book, your meal_ cold.Agets Bhas got Cwill get Dis getting2Ann is in hospital. Oh, really？I _know.I_go and visit her.Adidnt; am going to Bdont; would Cdont; will Ddidnt; will动词时态语态练习（一）1. - What time is it? - I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check2. Unless extra money_, the theatre will close. A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found 3. Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and_there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying4. Whenever you_a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.A. boughtB. have bought C. will buyD. buy5. Frank _ London by train which _ at 8:30 next morning.A. is leaving for; will leave B. is leaving for; leavesC. will leave for; will leave D. leaves for; leaves6. Youd better write down her phone number before you _ it .A.forget B. are forgetting C.forgot D. will forget7. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people_ to eat more fruit and vegetables.A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded8. The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited9. What about your self-drive trip yesterday? Tiring! The road is being widened, and we a rough ride. A. had B. have C. would have D. have had10.I didnt think Id like the movie, but actually it _ pretty good. A. has been B. was C. had been D. would be 11. I felt very tired when I got home, and I _straight to bed. A. go B. went C. had gone D. have gone12. Im calling about the apartment you the other day. Could you tell me more about it? A. advertised B. had advertised C. are advertising D. will advertise13. I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry. But I _ my homework. A. had doneB. was doingC. would doD. am doing14. I _ to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.A. comeB. cameC. am comingD. was coming15. We very early so we packed the night before.A. leave B. had left C. were leaving D. have left16. Jim a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank. A. watched B. had watched C. was watching D. would be watching17. - So what is the procedure?- All the applicants before a final decision is made by the authority. A. interviewB. are interviewing C. are interviewedD. are being interviewed18.Around two oclock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat _ us. A. bothersB. had botheredC. would botherD. bothered19.If nothing _, the oceans will turn into fish deserts. A. doesB. had been doneC. will doD. is done20. Could I use your car tomorrow morning? Sure.