课文讲解unit_1The_Great_Wall.ppt

TheGreatWall,BriefDescription,TheGreatWallofChinaisaverylongman-madewallthatwasbuilttoprotectthesestates.Itspans延伸到tenprovincesanditstotallengthis6,700km(3,948miles).TheGreatWallextendsfromShanHaiGuan(theOldDragonHead),aseaport海港alongthecoastofBoHaiHay,intheeast(nearBeiDaiHeresort)toJiaYuGuanPassinGanSuProvinceinthewest.Likeagiant巨大的dragon,theGreatWallofChinawinds弯弯曲曲地通过itswayacrossgrasslands,desertsandmountains.,TheGreatWallItwasrebuiltduringtheMingDynasty,JiayuguanPassinGansuProvinceThewestendoftheGreatWall,“TheOldDragonHead”TheeastendoftheGreatWall,老龙头,万里长城犹如一条巨龙，其龙头伸于渤海之中掀浪戏水，人们俗称此地为“老龙头”。老龙头位于山海关城南约5公里处，是明万里长城军事防御体系的重要组成部分，也是山海关景区的重要景点。老龙头呈半岛状伸入海中，墙体沿海岸线自然弯曲延伸，由石块垒砌而成，分为入海石城、海庙店、靖卤台、南海口、澄海楼、宁海城和滨海长城等七部分。其中入海石城相传为明朝抗倭名将戚继光所筑；澄海楼则是老龙头的最高点，是观海胜地，清朝皇帝康熙、乾隆曾多次登临此楼。,ItsapictureofTheOldDragonHead.,ShanhaiguanPass“TheFirstPassunderHeaven”,Legends(传说，传奇)abouttheGreatWall孟姜女哭长城,秦始皇统一中国后，征集了数十万民夫，于公元前214年将秦燕、赵三国北边的城墙连通、修缮合一，这便是举世闻名的万里长城。孟姜女万里寻夫送寒衣，哭倒长城八百里的传说就发生在那个时候。古时候，孟老汉和姜老汉互为邻居，仅一墙之隔。一年春天，孟老汉在自己院中种了一颗葫芦籽，经过浇水、施肥精心培育，葫芦秧长得肥壮、高大，从墙头爬过去，到姜老汉的院里结了个很大的葫芦，有几十斤重。等葫芦熟后，姜老汉拿刀把它切开，突然见里边躺着个又白又胖、非常可爱的女娃娃，姜老汉喜台望外，奔走相告，村里人听说后，纷纷前来观看这新鲜事，可是孟、姜两老汉却因此产生了矛盾，吵得不可开交。孟老汉非常坚定地说：这葫芦是我亲自种下的，胖女孩该归我。姜老汉却固执地说：这葫芦结在我的院子里，这女娃该是我的。吵了三天三夜，难解难分，毫无结果，后经村里人调解为：女娃娃属于两家共同的，轮流居住，共同扶养，并取了个孟姜女的名字。,光阴似箭，日月如梭，转眼间十多年过去了，孟、姜两家老人为现已长大成人的孟姜女选了个女婿叫范杞梁，选定良辰吉日，准备成亲。天有不测风云，成亲之日，新郎、新娘正要拜堂，突然从门外闯进几个衙役，一拥而上把新郎范杞梁当民夫抓走了。原来，当时由于秦始皇在全国各地抽调大批民夫修筑长城，日日夜夜拚命干，民夫们被累死、饿死的不计其数，为了加快工程速度，他们又到处抓民夫补充，范杞梁也被发配去充当修长城的民夫了。,转眼一年过去了，范札梁杳无音信，急得孟姜女饭吃不下，觉睡不着，不知如何是好，跟两家老人商量后，决定去找丈夫，发誓找不到丈夫绝不回家。她带上干粮和给丈夫特制的御寒衣服上路了。一路上，风吹雨淋、日晒风寒、饥寒交迫、步履艰难，经过千难万险的万里跋涉，终于找到了修长城的地方，一打听才知道，为修长城死了许多人，丈夫范杞梁早就累死了，并被埋在长城下，尸骨都找不到了。这一消息如同晴天霹雳，孟姜女顿时就伤心地恸哭起来，泪如泉，声如雷，哭得惊天动地，天昏地暗，眼看着长城一段段的倒塌，哭到哪里塌到哪里，足有八百里长。这下可急坏了工程总管，急忙去报告正来此巡查工程进展的秦始皇。秦始皇赶忙去见孟姜女寻问根由。一见之后，便被她的美貌迷住了，非要封她为正宫娘娘。孟姜女虽然怒火满腔，但还是压住心头仇恨，灵机一动，将计就计地非要秦始皇答应她三个条件，才能当正宫娘娘。一要找到丈夫范札梁的尸体；二要为其丈夫举行国葬；三要秦始皇为范杞梁披麻戴孝、打幡送葬。秦始皇听罢孟姜女提的三个条件，思索片刻，为了得到美貌的孟姜女，便硬着头皮答应下来，孟姜女戴着孝拜了为筑城而死的范札梁坟墓后，宿愿已偿，面对滚滚的渤海，纵身一跃，投海自尽了。,孟姜女哭长城的故事，很快就被人们所传颂，人们为纪念她，在山海关附近的一个山头上，给她修了坟、建了庙，取名为姜女庙。孟姜女万里寻夫送寒衣，哭倒长城八百里的故事家喻户晓，流传至今。,Abeacontower,Questions:,1.HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?2.WhereisTheFirstPassunderHeaven?3.WhatdoyouknowabouttheGreatWall?,TheGreatwall,TheGreatWallisalsocalledthe“TenThousandliGreatWall”.Itisoneofthewondersoftheworld.ItisthelongestwallintheworldandrunsacrossnorthChinalikeahugedragon.Ithasahistoryofover2,000years.Inoldtimes,itwasverydifficulttobuildsuchawall.,Dialogue,Mr.Henson,anAmericanengineer,hascometoBeijingonbusinessforthefirsttime.HeistalkingtoMaLi,atourguide.Mr.Henson:MaLi,IhopetovisittheGreatWallfirstwhileImhere.MaLi:OK.WecangotoBadalingtoseetheGreatWalltomorrow.Itsnotfarfromthishotel.HeresabookletwithabriefintroductiontotheGreatWall.YoucanreaditthiseveningandIllpickyouupat8tomorrowMorning.Mr.Henson:Great!Thanks.,FastReading,Readthetextfast,andthenanswerthefollowingquestions.,WhereistheGreatWall?2.WhenwastheGreatWallfirstbuilt?3.WhydidtheybuildtheWall?4.Whodecidedtohavethewalllinkedandextended?5.Howdidtheybuildit?6.WhenwastheGreatWallrebuilt?7.WhydidtheancientpeoplebuildmanybeacontowersontheWall?,Questions,Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothetext“TheGreatWall”,1.TheGreatWallfirstwasbuiltduringtheQinDynasty.2.TheGreatWallwasbuilttoprotecttheircountriesagainsttheenemies.3.Atthattime,onethirdofChinaspopulationweremadetobuildtheWall.,F,T,F,4.Atthattime,peoplecouldcarrytherocksandbrickstothetopofmountainswithsomemachines.5.Peopleusedthebricksandstonestobuildawallaroundtheearth.6.TheWallwhichwecanseenowwasrebuiltduringtheMingDynasty.,F,F,T,7.TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersintheworldandwaslistedbytheUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSite.8.Inancienttime,soldiersmadefiretokeepwarmonthebeacontowers.,T,F,Homework,1.Dothe“ReadingComprehension”onP3.2.Readthetextfrequently.,GoodByeSeeyounextclass,DetailReading,Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.,1.WhereistheGreatWall?,2.WhendidthebuildingoftheGreatWallbegin?,TheGreatWallislocatedinthenorthofChina.,BuildingoftheGreatWallfirstbeganduringtheperiodoftheWarringStates.,3.WhydidseveralkingdomsbuildtheirwallsduringtheWarringStatesPeriod?,4.Whodecidedtohavethewallslinkedandextendedin221BC?,TheybuilttheWallstoprotecttheirstates.,ThefirstEmperoroftheQinDynastydecidedtohavethewallslinkedandextended.,5.HowmanypeoplewereforcedtobuildtheGreatWallbythefirstEmperoroftheQinDynasty?,Aboutonemillionpeople,onefifthofChinaspopulationwereforcedtobuildtheWall.,6.HowlongdidittaketobuildtheGreatWallatthattime?,Ittookmorethantenyearstobuildit.,7.WhenwastheGreatWallwhichwecanseetodayrebuilt?,TheWallwhichwecanseenowwasrebuiltduringtheMingDynasty.,8.WhatisthetotallengthoftheGreatWall?,Itstotallengthismorethan6,700kilometers.,9.WhenwastheGreatWalllistedbytheUNESCOasaWorldHeritage?,In1987itwaslistedbytheUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSite.,Languagepoints,TheGreatWallisoneoftheworldsmostfamouswonders.,长城是世界上最著名的奇迹之一。,oneof+名词复数.之一,2.ItislocatedinthenorthofChina.,它位于中国的北部。,belocated.位于;坐落于.,Ourschoolislocatedinthecenterofthecity.Thevillageislocatedatthefootofthemountain.,3.BuildingoftheGreatWallfirstbeganduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.,长城的修建最初始于战国时期。,theWarringStatesPeriod=thePeriodoftheWarringStates.战国时期,4.Thewallswerebuilttoprotectthesestates.,eg:(1)Youneedwarmclothestoprotectyoufromthecold.(2)Thegirliswearingthesunglassestoprotecthereyesfromthesunlight.,protect是“保护”“防御”protect.from/against“保护.以防.”,这些城墙的修建是为了保护他们的国家。,5.In221BC,thefirstEmperoroftheQinDynastyunifiedChinaanddecidedtohavethewallslinkedandextend.,公元前221年，秦始皇统一中国，他决定把这些城墙连接起来并使其伸展延长。,thefirstEmperoroftheQinDynasty“秦朝第一个皇帝”，即“秦始皇”。,decidetodosth决定做某事,havesth.done“使被”,Ihavemybikerepaired.,6.Itissaidthatabout1millionpeople,onefifthofChinaspopulationatthetime,wereforcedtobuildthewall.,据说，大约一百万人，占当时中国人口的五分之一，被迫去修建长城。,Itissaidthat.“据说.”It是形式主语,that是真正的主语,这是一个主语从句。Itissaidthatheisgoodatoperatingcomputers.,类似的结构还有:Itisbelievedthat.“据信.”Itisreportedthat.“据报道.”Itishopedthat.“人们希望”,主动:forcesbtodosth“强迫某人做某事”被动:beforcedtodosth“被迫做某事”,eg:(1)Theyforcedthelittleboytocleanthecar.(2)Thelittleboywasforcedtocleanthecar.,7.Ittookthemmorethantenyearstobuilditunderterribleconditions.,人们在恶劣的条件下花了十多年的时间修建长城。,Ittakes/tooksbsometime/moneytodosth.“花费某人多长时间(金钱)做某事”it是形式主语,不定式todo是真正主语。,Ittookme3hourstofinishmyhomework.Howlongwillittaketogettherebytrain?,8.Theyhadtocarryallthestones,brickandlimeuptothetopofmountainsbyhand.,人们必须用手工把所有的石头、墙砖和石灰搬运到山顶。,数量+形容词表示某物的尺寸,据说用来建造长城的砖石足够建一条五米高、一米厚围墙环绕整个地球。,9.TheamountofbricksandstoneswhichwereusedtobuildtheWallisbelievedtobeenoughtobuildawallfivemetershighandonemeterthickaroundtheearth.,theamountof+不可数名词;thenumberof+可数名词复数.,.的数量,许多，大量,alargeamountof+不可数名词;alargenumberof+可数名词复数.,beusedtodo被用来做,usedtodo过去常常,beusedtodoing习惯于,TheGreatWallwhichwecanseenowwasrebuiltduringtheMingDynastyinthe16thcentury.,我们现在看到的长城建于16世纪的明朝。,ItextendsfromShanhaiguanPass,onthecoastofBohaiBay,toJiayuguanPassinGansuProvince.,它从渤海湾岸边的山海关，延伸到甘肃省的嘉峪关。,Itsmorethan6.700kilometerslong.,它的总长度是6,700多公里。,TheGreatWallisoneofthegreatcreationsoftheancientChinesepeople.,长城是古代中国人民的伟大创举之一。,ThousandsoftravelersfromallpartsoftheworldcometovisittheGreatWalleveryyear.,每年都有成千上万来自世界各地的游客来参观长城。,In1987itwaslistedbytheUNESCOasaworldHeritageSite.,1987年，长城被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。,Inancienttimes,whentheenemycame,soldierswouldmakefiresorsmoketosendalarmsignalsfromhere.,古时候，当敌人来的时候，士兵们会点火、放烟从这里发出警报信号。,10.whichwereusedtobuildthewall.be/getusedtodoingsth.表示习惯于做某事或习惯于某事，to是介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。Nowheisusedtogettingupearly.现在他已经习惯早起了。usedtodosth.则表