公路工程相关规范中的英文术语(24页)

公路工程相关规范中的英文术语公路工程技术标准Technical Standard of Highway Engineering公路改扩建highway reconstruction & extension公路功能highway function设计速度design speed运行速度operating speed限制速度posted speed limit设计车辆design vehicle设计通行能力design traffic capacity服务水平level of service避险车道evacuation / escape lane硬路肩hard shoulder设计使用年限design working/service life电子不停车收费electronic toll collection公路隧道设计规范Code for Design of Road Tunnel公路隧道road tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel岩石质量指标Rock Quality Designation(RQD)岩体分级rock mass classification环境调查environmental survey水文调查hydrological survey地质调查geological survey隧道涌水water inflow into tunnel荷载load围岩压力surrounding rock pressure偏压unsymmetrical pressure松散压力loosening pressure新奥法NATM(New Austrian Tunneling Method)净空断面（内轮廓）inner section洞门portal衬砌lining仰拱invert小净距隧道neighborhood tunnel连拱隧道multi-arch tunnel竖井vertical shaft斜井incline/inclined shaft横通道horizontal adit超前导坑advancing drift通风ventilation照明lighting公路隧道设计规范第二册 交通工程与附属设施Specifications for Design of Highway TunnelsSection 2 Traffic Engineering and Affiliated Facilities电光标志electric sign逆光照明counter-beam lighting光学长隧道optically long tunnels区域控制单元local controller公路隧道设计细则Guidelines for Design of Highway Tunnel水下隧道underwater tunnel钻爆隧道drilling and blasting tunnel盾构隧道shield tunnel沉管隧道immersed tube tunnel隧道建筑限界tunnel construction clearance隧道净空断面tunnel cross-section偏压隧道tunnel under unsymmetrical pressure浅埋隧道shallow tunnel深埋隧道deep tunnel软弱围岩soft rock隧道群tunnel group紧急停车带emergency parking strip车行横洞adit for vehicle passing人行横洞adit for people passing分离式隧道separated tunnel分岔隧道branch tunnel整体式衬砌monolithic lining喷锚支护shotcrete and rockbolts supporting复合式衬砌composite lining明洞open-cut tunnel棚洞hangar tunnel斜井inclined shaft竖井vertical shaft围岩基本质量指标rock basic quality index围岩修正质量指标rock modified quality index形变压力deformed pressure初始应力initial stress开挖效应excavation effect承载拱load-bearing arch承载能力bearing capacity端墙式洞门end-wall tunnel portal翼墙式洞门wing-wall tunnel portal明洞式洞门open-cut tunnel portal高地应力high geostress超前支护pre-supporting超前帷幕注浆advanced curtain grouting井点降水dewatering注浆grouting预设计pre-design动态设计dynamic design超前地质预报advanced geological forecast监控量测monitoring measurement隧道防水tunnel waterproof隧道排水tunnel drainage通风构造物ventilation structure施工辅助通道construction subsidiary channel公路隧道施工技术规范Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Tunnel光面爆破smooth blasting全断面法full face excavation method正台阶法bench cut method环形开挖预留核心土法ring cut method中隔壁法（CD法）center diagram method交叉中隔壁法（CRD法）center cross diagram method双侧壁导坑法both side drift method干喷dry shotcrete初喷first shotcrete (application of first shotcrete)复喷subsequent shotcrete (application of subsequent shotcrete)喷锚支护shotcrete and rock bolt support超前支护advanced support管棚pipe-roof protection小导管预注浆small pipe-roof protection超前锚杆pioneer rock bolt钢架steel frame / beam support中岩墙wall of rock in neighborhood tunnel监控量测monitoring measurement岩爆rock burst超前地质预报geological prediction瓦斯gas瓦斯浓度gas concentration公路隧道施工技术细则Technical Guidelines for Construction of Highway Tunnel中导洞法center drift excavation method湿喷wet shotcrete预注浆pioneer grouting全封闭注浆full-closed grouting模板台车form jumbo隧道防水隔离层layer of anti-water防水混凝土waterproof concrete百米平均漏风率average air leakage rate 100 meter公路隧道交通工程设计规范Design Specification for Traffic Engineering of Highway Tunnel（无，已修订）公路隧道通风照明设计规范Specifications for Design of Ventilation and Lighting of Highway Tunnel（无，已修订）公路路线设计规范Design Specification for Highway Alignment（无）公路路基设计规范Specifications for Design of Highway Subgrades路基subgrade路床roadbed路堤embankment路堑cutting路基工作面subgrade workaround低路堤low embankment高路堤high embankment陡坡路堤steep slope embankment深路堑deep cutting填石路堤rockfill embankment压实度degree of compaction特殊路基special subgrade软土soft soil湿陷性黄土collapsibility loess红黏土laterite高液限土high liquid limit soil膨胀土expansive soil盐渍土saline soil多年冻土permafrost季节冻土seasonally frozen soil滑坡landslide崩塌rock fall泥石流debris flow岩溶karst采空区mined-out area挡土墙retaining wall抗滑桩slide-resistant pile土钉soil nailing预应力锚索（杆）prestressed anchor柔性支护结构flexible supporting structure公路水泥混凝土路面设计规范Specifications for Design of Highway Cement Concrete Pavement水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement普通混凝土面路面jointed plain concrete pavement素混凝土路面jointed plain concrete pavement钢筋混凝土路面jointed reinforced concrete pavement连续配筋混凝土路面continuously reinforced concrete pavement钢纤维混凝土路面steel fiber reinforced concrete pavement复合式路面composite pavement水泥混凝土预制块路面concrete block pavement设计基准期design reference period安全等级safety classes可靠度reliability可靠指标reliability index可靠度系数reliability coefficient公路沥青路面设计规范Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement沥青路面asphalt pavement半刚性基层semi-rigid base刚性基层rigid base柔性基层flexible base轴载谱axle load spectrum当量轴次equivalent single axle loads累计当量轴次cumulative equivalent axle loads设计年限design period冻结指数freezing index设计弯沉值design deflection最大粒径maximum grain size公称最大粒径nominal maximum aggregate size封层seal coat稀浆封层slurry seal微表处micro-surfacing抗拉强度结构系数tensile strength structural coefficient容许拉应力allowable tension stress弯沉综合修正系数deflection combined correctness factor最不利季节worst season非不利季节non-disadvantageous season公路沥青路面施工技术规范Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Asphalt Pavement沥青结合料asphalt binder沥青结合料asphalt cement透层prime coat粘层tack coat封层seal coat公路挡土墙设计与施工技术细则Technical Guidelines for Design and Construction of Highway Retaining Walls挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall半重力式挡土墙semi-gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall路肩墙verge retaining wall路堤墙embankment retaining wall路堑墙cutting retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙cantilever retaining walll扶壁式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall桩板式挡土墙pile and plank retaining wall锚杆挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods锚定板挡土墙anchord retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall密度mass density重度weight density作用action永久作用permanent action可变作用variable action偶然作用accidental action抗力resistance荷载load作用效应effects of actions作用效应组合combination for action effects分项系数partial coefficient作用标准值characteristic value of an action作用设计值design value of an action材料性能标准值characteristic value of property of a material材料性能设计值design value of property of a material摩擦系数coefficient friction(?)似摩擦系数seemed coefficient friction视摩擦系数seemed coefficient friction内摩擦角angle of internal friction综合内摩擦角synthesis angle of internal friction公路工程地质勘察规范Code for Highway Engineering Geological Investigation工程地质条件engineering geological condition工程地质勘察engineering geological investigation工程地质调绘engineering geological mapping工程地质勘探engineering geological exploration勘探点exploration point原位测试in-situ test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test工程地质图engineering geological map综合工程地质图comprehensive engineering geological map不良地质unfavorable geological condition特殊性岩土special rock and soil结构面structural plane结构体structural block地基容许承载力foundation allowable bearing capacity地基承载力基本容许值foundation bearing capacity basic allowable value持力层bearing stratum抗震设防烈度seismic fortification intensity水文地质条件hydrogeological condition新构造运动Neotectonic movement全新活动断裂Holocene epoch active fault公路桥涵施工技术规范Techinical Specification for Construction of Highway Bridge and Culvet止水帷幕ring curtain wall de-watering大直径桩large diameter pile超长桩super long pile高强度混泥土high strength concrete高性能混凝土high performance concrete大体积混凝土mass concrete结构物的表面系数surface factor of structure移动模架逐跨现浇法span by span method with stepping formwork悬臂浇筑法cast-in-place cantilever method挂篮movable suspended scaffolding施工缝construction joint悬臂拼装法balance cantilever erection method预制节段逐跨拼装法segmental construction span by span支架support托架corbel牛腿corbel顶推施工法incremental launching method预拱度camber施工荷载construction load风缆系统cable-stayed stability system缆索吊装法erection with cableway method转体施工法construction by swing method试拼装test assembling猫道catwalk空中纺线法airspinning method预制平行钢丝索股法shop-fabricated parallel wire strand method顶进施工法jack-in construction method岩土锚杆与喷射混凝土支护工程技术规范Technical code for engineering of ground anchorages and shotcrete support岩土锚杆ground anchor, rock bolt预应力锚杆prestressed anchor, anchor, anchorage低预应力锚杆low prestressed anchor锚杆杆体anchor tendon锚杆自由段free anchor length锚杆锚固段fixed anchor length锚头anchor head永久性锚杆permanent anchorage临时性锚杆temporary anchorage拉力型锚杆tensile anchorage压力型锚杆compression anchorage荷载分散型锚杆load-dispersed anchorage可拆芯式锚杆removable anchorage非预应力锚杆non tensiled bolt, rock bolt土钉soil nailing过渡管trumpet一次注浆first fill grouting充填注浆post fill grouting后高压注浆post high pressure grouting固结注浆consolidated grouting基本试验basic test验收试验acceptance test蠕变试验creep test锁定荷载lock-off load喷射混凝土shotcrete, sprayed concrete干拌法喷射混凝土dry mix shotcrete湿拌法喷射混凝土wet mix shotcrete回弹物rebond losses胶凝料binder糙率coefficient of roughness初期支护primary support后期支护final support岩土锚杆（索）技术规程Techni