中国古典乐器介绍.ppt

TraditionalChinesemusicalinstruments,PipaKonghouGuzhengBianzhong,TraditionalChinesemusicalinstruments,PIPA,琵琶,IntroductionofPIPA,ThePipaisafour-stringedChineseinstrument,belongingtothepluckedcategoryofinstruments(弹拨乐器).,SometimescalledtheChineselute,theinstrumenthasapear-shapedwoodenbodywithavaryingnumberoffretsrangingfrom1226,Tonecolour:clearandmelodious,TheHistoryofPIPA,ThePIPAappearedintheQinDynasty(221-206BC)andwasdevelopedduringtheHanDynasty.ThePIPAbecameafavoriteintheTangDynastyItisoneofthemostpopularChineseinstrumentsandhasbeenplayedfornearlytwothousandyearsinChina.,琵琶出现秦朝，在汉朝有所发展，它是中国近两千多年来最受欢迎的乐器之一。,PIPA,SeveralrelatedinstrumentsinEastandSoutheastAsiaarederivedfromthePIPA;theseincludetheJapanesebiwa日本琵琶,theVietnamesentb,andtheKoreanbipa伽倻琴.TheKoreaninstrumentistheonlyoneofthethreethatisnolongerused.Attemptstorevivetheinstrumenthavefailed,althoughexamplessurviveinmuseum,大絃嘈嘈如急雨:Theboldstringsrattledlikesplattersofsuddenrain,小絃切切如私語:Thefinestringshummedlikeloverswhispers.嘈嘈切切錯雜彈:Chatteringandpattering,patteringandchattering,大珠小珠落玉盤:Aspearls,largeandsmall,onajadeplatefall.,PipawithChinesepoesy,ByBaiJuyi,ClassicalmusicofPipa,武曲：文曲以抒情写景为主,委婉、缠绵Ambush十面埋伏Disarmouring霸王卸甲文曲以戏剧性的表现为主,激烈、壮观春江花月夜夕阳箫鼓昭君出塞汉宫秋月文武曲：阳春白雪高山流水,Konghou,箜篌,ThemainfeaturethatdistinguishesthemodernkonghoufromtheWesternconcertharpisthatthemodernkonghousstringsarefoldedovertomaketworows,whichenablesplayerstouseadvancedplayingtechniquessuchasvibratoandbendingtones.Thetworowsofstringsalsomakeitsuitableforplayingswiftrhythmsandovertones.,Thekonghou(Chinese:箜篌;pinyin:knghu)isanancientChineseharp.Thekonghou,alsoknownaskanhou,citationneededwentextinctsometimeintheMingDynasty,butwasrevivedinthe20thcentury.Themoderninstrumentdoesnotresembletheancientone.,箜篌,KONGHOU,IntroductionofKonghou,Tonecolor:mellowandliquid柔美清澈,Thekonghouwasusedtoplayyayue(courtmusic)intheKingdomofChu.DuringtheHanDynasty(206BC220AD)thekonghouwasusedinqingshangyue(amusicgenre).BeginningintheSuiDynasty(581-618),thekonghouwasalsousedinyanyue(banquetmusic).KonghouplayingwasmostprevalentintheSuiandTangdynasties.Itwasgenerallyplayedinritesandceremoniesandgraduallyprevailedamongtheordinarypeople.,箜篌,Thewo-konghou,orhorizontalkonghou,wasfirstmentionedinwrittentextsintheSpringandAutumnperiod(770476BC).Thesu-konghou,orverticalkonghoufirstappearedintheEasternHanDynasty(25220AD).Thephoenix-headedkonghouwasintroducedfromIndiaintheEasternJinDynasty(317-420AD).,Differentcategoriesofkonghou,Differentcategoriesofkonghou,LoveTragedyof“apoemforJiaoswife”,汉乐府古诗为焦仲卿妻作中即有“十三能织素，十四学裁衣，十五弹箜篌，十六诵诗书”,PeotryanthologyofYuefuThegirlhastolearnalotofcraftincludingKonhouwhentheyareveryyounginancientChina.,Guzheng,古筝,IntroductionofGuzheng,Themodern-dayguzhengisaplucked,half-tubezitherwithmovablebridgesand21strings,althoughitcanhaveanywherefrom15to25strings(acustomizedversionexistswithmorethan34strings)TonecolorisDulcet.优美动听的Theguzheng,orguzheng(Chinese:古筝;pinyin:gzhng)orzheng(筝)(gu-meansancient)isatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.Itbelongstothezitherfamilyofstringinstrument,Theguzhenghasalargeresonantcavitymadefromwutongwood(Paulowniatomentosa).Othercomponentsmaybemadefromotherwoods,usuallyforstructuralanddecorativepurposes.,HistoryofGuzheng,TheguzhenghasexistedsincetheWarringStatesPeriodandbecameespeciallypopularduringtheQindynasty.Theancientguzhenghad12strings,whichgraduallyevolvedintoitcurrentforms.Theguzhengistunedtoapentatonicscale,the16-stringzhengistunedtogivethreecompleteoctaves,whilethe21-stringzhenghasfourcompleteoctaves.,幽雅,AmodernguzhengTheguzhengshouldnottobeconfusedwiththeguqin,anotherancientChinesezitherbutwithoutbridges.,ThedifferencebetweenGuqinandGuzheng,CelebratedmusicOfGuZheng,渔舟唱晚出水莲高山流水林冲夜奔侗族舞曲汉宫秋月寒鸦戏水东海渔歌香山射鼓战台风,Bianzhong,编钟,Thechime-bell,castwithbronze,isamemberofthepercussioninstrumentfamilyinancientChina.Itconsistsofovalbellsindifferentsizesarrangedtotheorderofthepitch,whicharehungonahugebellcot.Differenttonescanbeproducedwhenbeatingthebellswithawoodhammerandalongstick,andbeautifulmusiccanbeperformedwhenbeatingtothetune,Thechime-bellsofKingYioftheZengStateareacompletesetofpercussioninstrumentexcavatedfromthetombofKingYioftheZengStateintheWarringStatesPeriod(433B.C.).Itreflectstheluxuriouslifeofthearistocratsinthatperiod,aswellastheproficiencyinbronzecastinginancientChina,Itistheembodimentofourgreatachievementinbronzecasting,ourproficiencyinmusicscienceandthewisdomofourpeopleinancientChina.Itsarealprideofourancestor,Bianzhong,Theexcavationofthechime-bellsastoundedtheworldsarcheologicalsociety,sinceitsextremelyrareintheworldculturalhistorytofindsuchexquisitemusicalinstru