血液系统疾病体检

Physicalexaminationofpatientswithblooddisorder血液系统疾病体检血液科苏力,RBC(Hb)decrease:anemiaincrease:polycythemia红细胞增多症WBCdecrease:infectionincrease:infiltrationplateletdecrease:bleedingincrease:thrombosis,RBC(Hb)decrease:anemiasymptoms:fatigue,tinnitus耳鸣palpitationonexertionsigns:skinandmucosapallor,tachycardiaHaemolyticanemia:signs:jaundice,andpallor,睑结膜苍白,常见于缺铁性贫血,镜面舌无舌苔常见于巨幼细胞性贫血,RBC(Hb)increase:polycythemiaexpandedbloodvolumeandincreasebloodviscosity黏度symptoms:headache,dizziness,tinnitus,blurredvision视力模糊sings:ruddyskin,rubor皮肤红,spleenenlargement,Thrombocytopenia:bleeding出血点petechia：2mm紫癜purpura：3-5mm瘀斑ecchymosis：5mm血肿hematoma：鼻衄epistaxis：牙龈出血gingivalbleeding：眼底出血、脑出血、血尿、血便、黑便、月经过多,Petechiae,Purpura,Hereditaryhaemorrrhagictelangiectasia,hemophilia,hemarthrosis,hematoma,AllergicPurpuras,Hereditaryhaemorrrhagictelangiectasia,Senilepurpure,Thrombocythemia:thrombosis,Leukopenia:infectionSymptomsandsigns:feverLeukocytosis:infiltrationSymptomsandsigns:enlargementofliverandspleenenlargementoflymphonodeSternumtenderness胸骨压痛,Symptomandsignsinpatientswithblooddisorders:skinandmucosa：pale、jaundicepetechia、purpura、ecchymosisenlargementoflymphnodeenlargementofspleenor/andlivertachycardia,诊断学病例：女,17岁，头晕,乏力半年,平素月经多,偏食。查体:皮肤苍白,无黄染，心尖部可闻及级收缩期杂音,肝脾未触及，血常规：Hb75g/L,MCV64fL,MCH21pg,WBC4.5109/L,PLT120109/L,按贫血形态学分类属哪类贫血?A.大细胞性贫血B.小细胞低色素性贫血C.小细胞性贫血D.正细胞性贫血E.溶血性贫血,B,女性,55岁,头昏,乏力伴皮肤黄染一个月,体检:巩膜轻度黄染,脾肋下2cm,化验:血红蛋白65g/L,网织红细胞0.12,初步诊断是A.肝炎B.胆囊结石C.缺铁性贫血D.溶血性贫血E.地中海性贫血,D,男性31岁,因乏力，发热,齿龈与鼻腔出血,黑便一周入院,体查：皮肤粘膜苍白，未见黄染，弥漫瘀点和大片瘀斑,胸骨有压痛，牙龈肿胀，颈部和腋窝可触及多个浅淋巴结，相互融合，脾脏左肋下2厘米，实验室检查：Hb70g/L,WBC1.0109/L,幼稚细胞50%,血小板24109/L,骨髓增生明显活跃,异型幼稚细胞80%,并可见成堆棒状小体,过氧化酶染