新人教选修7 Unit3 Under the sea语法讲解课件.ppt

Theuseof-ing,(not)doing,(not)beingdone,(not)havingdone,(not)havingbeendone,二:V-ing可作主语、宾语、表语;定语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。V-ing形式表示的动作与主要动词同时发生或发生在主要动词之后，用其一般式;V-ing形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生，用其完成时，在具体应用中也常以一般式代替完成式。,V-ing的用法：,1.作主语Swimmingisgoodforhealth._(raise)yourhattoaaladyisgoodmanners.对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。_(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.,Raising,Beingkilled,2.作表语Teachingislearning.教学相长Myhobbyis_(make)modelplanes.Whatworriedthechildmostwas_(not,allow)tovisithismotherinthehospital.,making,notbeingallowed,注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：Playingwithfireisdangerous.（泛指玩火）Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.（指一具体动作）,2).V-ing形式和不定式都要有对称性;当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是V-ing形式时，表语也用V-ing形式。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.,注意,3).Itsnouse(good)doingsthItsawasteoftimedoingsthit作形式主语,只用V-ing,不用不定式。Itis+adj.+(forsb)todosthItisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Itisawasteoftime_(talk)tohim.Itisimportantforme_(learn)English.,talking,tolearn,_theexamwilldisappointyourparents.A.YoufailingB.YourfailingC.YoufailD.Youtofail.2._thesamemistakeagainmadehisparentsveryangry.A.HisbeingmadeB.HehasmadeC.HehadmakingD.Hismaking3.Idontthinkitsmuchgood_tohim.A.writingB.towriteC.writeD.written4.Suchbooksarenotworthy_atall.A.ofbeingreadB.beingreadC.readingD.toread5.Itisnouse_withoutthrough_.A.toread;understoodB.reading;understandingC.toread;understandD.read;tounderstand,Exercises,3.作宾语V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。Wewouldappreciatehearingfromyou我们会珍惜你的来信。Thebirdescaped_(catch).Ifeellike_(join)thearmy.Hewasafraidof_(abandon)byus.,beingabandoned,beingcaught,joining,注意：在avoid,admit,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,putoff,feellike,insiston,insteadof,lookforwardto,objectto,keepon等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。,避免错过少延期建议完成多联系喜欢想象禁不住承认否定与嫉妒逃避冒险莫原谅忍受保持不介意,Exercises,1.Thethiefenteredtheroomwithout_.A.noticingB.beingnoticedC.havingnoticedD.havingbeennoticed2.Besides_,sheiskindandtender.A.beautifulB.beingbeautifulC.shebeautifulD.isbeautiful3.Whenheheardthebignoise,Tomstopped_and_tothewindowtoseewhatwashappening.A.toread;wentB.reading;togoC.reading;goingD.reading;went4.Iambusy_fortheentranceexamination,soIcanthelp_houseworkathome.A.preparing;doingB.preparing;todoC.toprepare;doingD.toprepare;todo,注意在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Yourcarneedsfilling.你这车要充气了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得光顾一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题需要认真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.这些树需要浇水了。,在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.Thebookisworthreading.,在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Wedontallowsmokinghere.Wedontallowstudentstosmoke.,1.Sorry,wedontallow_inthelectureroom.A.tosmokeB.smokeC.smokingD.tosmoking2.Theydontpermit_noiseher.A.tomakeB.makeC.makingD.made3.Thesentencewants_oncemore.A.toexplainB.explainingC.beingexplainedD.tobeexplainedit4.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch,Exercises,5.Alisaidthatshewouldntmind_aloneathome.A.leftB.beingleftC.tobeleftD.leaving6.She_thekey.A.admittedtakingB.admittedtakingC.admittedhavingtakenD.admittedtohavetaken7.Didyouenjoyyourselflastnight?Itsveryniceofyou.Iappreciated_totheparty.A.tobeinvitedB.tohaveinvitedC.beinginvitedD.havingbeeninvited8.Whileweredevelopingagricultureandindustry,wemustpreventtheearth_.A.frompollutingB.pollutedC.pollutingD.beingpolluted,4.作定语Thegirlstandingthereismysister.Thisisapieceof_(surprise)news.Theproblem_(discuss)nowisveryimportant.Thefarmers_(work)inthefieldsaretired.,surprising,beingdiscussed,working,5.作状语Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.Hesatatthetable,_(read)ChinaDaily._(ask)toanswerthequestion,shecouldntrefuse._(work)hard,youwillsucceed.,reading,Working,Beingasked,6.作宾语补足语:Isawpeoplecomingandgoinginthestreet.Iheardher_(sing)asonginherroom.Youllfindthetopic_(discuss)everywherenow.,beingdiscussed,singing,7.-Ving一般时和一般时的被动形式;Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindfromtimetotime.2)Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourdormitory.,-Ving的完成时和完成时的被动形式,1)Havinglitacandle,shewentout.2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldntleave.3)Havingheardthis,ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction.,8.在绝大数情况下，ving的逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示视神经逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的称为独立结构。Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroomanddrovehome.会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。,9.有少数并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度。Generallyspeaking,thenovelisnotveryinspiring.总的来说，这部小说并不感人。Judgingfromwhatyousay,heoughttosucceed.从你说的情况看，他应能成功。,Practice1.-WhatmadeBillsoangry?-_.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasntcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.Beingkeptwaited,B,2.Thebuilding_inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughtheresnoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt,D,3.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch,C,4.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescanthelp_intobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneed.A.topersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded,C,5._manytimes,theboystilldidntknowhowtodotheexercises.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching,B,6._thewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.BeentoldD.Telling,A,Fillintheblanks:_(turn)totheright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.2._(ask)toputonperformance,sherefused.3._(finish)hiswork,Henrywenthome.4._(learn)newwordsisuseful.,Turning,Beingasked,Havingfinished,Learning,5.Hedisliked_(interrupt)inhisexperiment.6.Iapologizefor_(not,wait)foryou.7._(not,receive)ananswer,Iwrotetohimagain.8._(give)suchagoodchance,youshouldcatchit.,beinginterrupted,nothavingwaited,Nothavingreceived,Havingbeengiven,9.Ididntmind_(leave)athome.10.Thehousewants_(clean).11.Hecameinwithout_(ask).12._(show)aroundthelibrary,weweretakentoseethelab.,beingleft,cleaning,beingasked,Havingbeenshown,巩固练习：,1.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed,C,2.Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Oh,Iforgot_A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff,C,3.Iwouldappreciate_backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.yourecalling,C,4.Howaboutthetwoofus_awalkdownthegarden?A.TotakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking,C,5.Imustapologizefor_aheadoftime.Thatallright.A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknow,B,6.Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.Well,nowIregret_that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone,D,7.Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis_DrTurnerinsteadofMrTurner.A.beencalledB.calledC.havingcalledD.beingcalled,D,8.Doyoumind_aloneathome?A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.JanesbeingleftD.Janetobeleft,C,9.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin,D,10.Onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational,_constantlywillbepartofyourlife.A.youflyB.yourflightC.flightD.flying,D,12.WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?_hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing,C,13.Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists.Dontyouremember_thestoryyesterday?A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tohavetold,B,14.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand_them.A.correctB.CorrectingC.correctsD.tocorrect,B,15.Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and_.A.hedliketocollectcoinaswellB.hefeelslikecollectingcoins,tooC.tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyD.collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure,D,巩固