全球运营管理课件new gom3-supplement and rcise.ppt

GOM3,Exercise,ReturntoKingforUsingMoreMachines,ReturntoKingforUsingMoreMachines,Question:ThemodelJWagonistobeassembledonaconveyorbelt.Fivehundredwagonsarerequiredperday.Productiontimeperdayis420minutes,andtheassemblystepsandtimesforthewagonaregiveninthefollowingExhibit.Assignment:findthebalancethatminimizesthenumberofworkstations,subjecttocycletimeandprecedenceconstraints.,1.DrawaPrecedenceDiagram.,A,B,C,F,J,D,E,H,I,G,K,45sec,50sec,11sec,15sec,9sec,12sec,12sec,12sec,12sec,8sec,9sec,2.Determineworkstationcycletime.HerewehavetoconverttosecondsbecauseOurtasktimeareinseconds,3.Determinethetheoreticalminimumnumberofworkstationsrequired(theActualnumbermaybegreater.,A,B,C,F,J,D,E,H,I,G,K,45sec,50sec,11sec,15sec,9sec,12sec,12sec,12sec,12sec,8sec,9sec,WS1,WS2,WS3:B,E,C,F,WS4:G,H,I,J,WS5,4.Selectassignmentrulesa.assigntasksinorderofthelargestnumberoffollowingtasksb.assigntasksinorderoflongesttasktime5.MaketaskassignmentstoformWorkstation1,Workstation2.6.Calculateefficiency:assume5first?7.Evaluatethesolution.Anefficiencyof77percentindicatesanimbalanceoridletimeof27percentacrosstheentireline.8.Isabetterbalancepossible?Yes,Trybalancingthelinewithruleb.andbreaktieswithrulea.(Thiswillgiveyo0uafeasiblefour-stationbalance.,QuestionAcompanyisconsideringaddinganewfeaturethatwillincreaseunitsalesby6percentandproductcostby10percent.Profitisexpectedtoincreaseby16percentoftheincreasedsales.Initiallytheproductcostincurredbythecompanywas63percentofthesalesprice.Shouldbethefeaturebeadded?Letthesalesbe$100M.,SolutionDay1Problem1Salesincreaseby6%=$100Mx6%=$6MBenefits:Profitsincreaseby16%oftheincreasedsales=$6Mx16%=$0.96MCost:Increaseproductcostby10%=($100Mx63%)x10%=$6.3MBecausecostsexceedbenefits,thenewfeatureshouldnotbeadded.,QuestionAnautomobilemanufacturerisconsideringachangeinanassemblylinethatshouldsavemoneyduetoareductioninlaborandmaterialcost.Thechangeinvolvestheinstallationoffournewrobotsthatwillautomaticallyinstallwindshields.Thecostofthefourrobots,includinginstallationandinitialprogramming,is$400,000.Currentpracticeistoamortizetheinitialcostofrobotsovertwoyearsonastraight-linebasis.Theprocessengineerestimatesthatonefull-timetechnicianwillbeneededtomonitor,maintain,andreprogramtherobotsonanongoingbasis.Thispersonwillcostapproximately$60,000peryear.Currently,thecompanyusesfourfull-timeemployeesonthisjobandtheyeachmakeabout$52,000peryear.Oneoftheseemployeesisamaterialhandler,andthispersonwillstillbeneededwiththenewprocess.Tocomplicatematters,theprocessengineerestimatesthattherobotswillapplythewindshieldsealingmaterialinamannerthatwillresultinasavingsof$0.25perwindshieldinstalled.Howmanyautomobilesneedtobeproducedoverthenexttwoyearstomakethenewrobotsanattractiveinvestment?Duetotherelativelyshorthorizon,donotconsiderthetimevalueofmoney.,Solution:Costofthecurrentprocessoverthenexttwoyearsisjustthecostofthefourfull-timeemployees.$52,000/employeesx4employeesx2years=$416,000Thecostofthenewprocessoverthenexttwoyears,assumingtherobotiscompletelycostedoverthattime,isthefollowing:($52,000/materialhandler+$60,000/technician)x2+$400,000/robots-$0.25xautosEquatingthetwoalternatives:$416,000=$624,000-$0.25xautosSolvingforthebreak-evenpoint:-$208,000/-$0.25=832,000autosThisindicatesthattobreakeven,832,000autoswouldneedtobeproducedwiththerobotsoverthenexttwoyears.,ISO9000seriesQualitysystem9001:modelforqualityassuranceindesign,production,installation,andservicing9002:modelqualityassuranceinproductionandinstallation.9003:modelforqualityassuranceinfinalinspectiontest.GuidelinesforUse9000:qualitymanagementandqualityassurancestandardsguidelinesforselectionanduse.Qualitymanagementandqualityelements-guidelines,QualitySystem,Design/development,Procurement,Production,Installation,Servicing,ISO9002,Design/development,Procurement,Production,Installation,Servicing,ISO9003,ISO9001,QuestionManagementistryingtodecidewhetherPartA,whichisproducedwithaconsistent3percentdefectiverate,shouldbeinspected.Ifitisnotinspected,the3percentdefectiveswillgothroughaproductassemblyphaseandhavetobereplacedlater.IfallPartAsareinspected,one-thirdofthedefectiveswillbefound,thusraisingthequalityto2percentdefectives.a.shouldtheinspectionbedoneifthecostofinspectingis$0.01perunitandthecostofreplacingadefectiveinthefinalassemblyis$4.00?b.supposethecostofinspectingis$0.05perunitratherthan$0.01.Wouldthischangeyouranswersin“a”?,Solution:ShouldPartAbeinspected?.03defectivewithnoinspection.02defectivewithinspectiona.Thisproblemcanbesolve