被动语态超全课件.ppt

.,thePassiveVoice,（被动语态）,文综之家,二被动语态的基本结构be+过去分词（人称.数.时态的变化都体现在助动词be的变化上）,PASSIVEVOICE,一语态语态是表示主语和谓语的关系的。如果主语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就要用被动语态。,一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,Ireadbooks.,主语,谓语,宾语,Booksarereadbyme.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,被动语态,被动语态的大体构成：,Be+PastParticiple（过去分词）,1.Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.,2.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.,Be要随着主语变,逻辑主语by来引,文综之家,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.,变为被动语态,一般现在时被动结构：,am/is/are+过去分词,Exercise:Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.,Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.,一般过去时被动结构：,was/were+过去分词,Exercise:Heboughtsomefruitsyesterday.,Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.,3.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.,现在进行时被动结构：,am/is/are+being+PP,Exercise:Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.,Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.,Exercise:Theyareplayingvolleyballnow.,Volleyballisbeingplayed(bythem)now,4.Shewasinterviewingthefamousmanatthistimeyesterday.,Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher,过去进行时被动结构：,was/were+being+PP,Exercise:Hewasplayingbasketballat8:00lastnight.,Basketballwasbeingplayedat8:00yesterday.,5.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.,一般将来时被动结构：,will+be+过去分词,Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.,Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.,begoingto+be+pp,Exercise:Thegirlwillfinishherhomeworkintwentyminutes.,Herhomeworkwillbefinished(bythegirl)intwentyminutes.,6.Hesaidtheworkerswouldbuildanewschoolintwoweeks.,Hesaidanewschoolwouldbebuiltintwoweeks.,过去将来时被动构成：,would+be+pp,Theywouldhaveapartythenextday.,Apartywouldbehad(bythem)thenextday.,7.AbycantakegoodcareofTina,TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby.,情态动词变被动：,情态动词+be+过去分词,Exercise:Hemaycarrythebasketeasily.,Thebasketmaybeeasilycarriedbyhim.,Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.,Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.,8.Wehavemadetwentykeys,Twentykeyshavebeenmadebyus.,现在完成时被动结构：,have/has+been+过去分词,Exercise:Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.,Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.,9.Wehadseenthisfilmbeforeyoucamehere.,Thisfilmhadbeenseenbyusbeforeyoucamehere.,过去完成时被动结构：,had+been+PP,Exercise:Thedoctorknewthathehadknownhisproblem.,Thedoctorknewthathisproblemhadbeenknownbyhim.,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/aredone,was/weredone,am/is/arebeingdone,was/werebeingdone,shall/will/begoingtobedone,wouldbedone,have/hasbeendone,hadbeendone,Exercises:一.选择填空:Windowsofglass.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehousein2004.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.used,C,C,A,4.Watches_Shanghai.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made5.Thisdeskismade_wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.by6.Thethingsonshowwere_theolddays.A.usedB.usedtoC.usedforD.usedin7.Silk_inHangzhouandSuzhouA.isproducedB.areproducedC.producedD.isproduces,A,A,D,A,1.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(间宾作主）,Hegavemeabook.(变被动）,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,2.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.,Mymotherboughtmeabirthdaycake.,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.,2.Abirthdaycakewasboughtformebymymother.,变为被动时，间宾前加to的带有双宾语的动词有：14个bring,teach,pass,hand,give,lend,refuse,leave,promise,tell,return,show,send,write.,变为被动时，间宾前加for的带有双宾语的动词有：5个buy,get,do,pay,sing.,1.Ourschool_in2002.(开办)2.Theyoungtreesmust_well.(照顾)3._thisbuilding_(建成)lastyear?4.Thebook_(写)byhimlastyear.5.Thebridge_(不建造)in1989.6.The29thOlympicGameswill_(举行)inBeijingin2008.,wasopened,belookedafter,Was,built,waswritten,wasntbuilt,beheld,Answerrightorwrong,1.必须照看好孩子们。Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.()Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.()2.这本书是鲁迅写的。ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun.()ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.()3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。Thatpencilwasgivenmebyhimyesterday.()Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.(),W,R,W,R,W,R,4.这辆自行车能修吗？Canthisbikemended?()Canthisbikebemended?()5.街道已由他们清理了。Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey.()Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.(),W,R,W,R,必背！,动词短语的被动语态,takecareofbetakencareof,cutdownbecutdown,laughatbelaughedat,lookafterbelookedafter,(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.,Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.,Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.,hear/watch/.,四几种值得注意的被动语态变化,带复合宾语的被动语态结构,（）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.,MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.,JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.,一感二听三使四看,feel/hearlistento/makehavelet/lookseewatchnoticeobserve,这十大动词在主动句中动词用原形，但在变为被动语态时必须加上to,巧记：这些动词为“五看三使役，两听一感觉”,使用口诀：感使动词真奇怪，to在句子像妖怪。主动句里to走开，被动句里to回来。动词let要除外，to词可来可不来。,Theysaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.,Itwassaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.,类似的还有：Itisreported/believed/hoped/supposedthat.,Wereport,不用被动语态的几种情况：,2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态,have/fit,IhaveaTVset.,Thecoatfitsmewell.,3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou,语态转换时要注意的问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.,保留宾语,Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正确)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(错误),5.Doyoulikethematerial?Yes,it(feel)verysoft.,感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，smell,look,seem,taste,sound等。,feels,下列情况主动句不能改为被动句,Thefoodtastesdelicious.误：Thefoodistasteddelicious.Thepopmusicsoundsbeautiful.误：Thepopmusicissoundedbeautiful.,6.Thiskindofcloth(wash)well.,有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well,badly,easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，常见的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等。,washes,7.WorldWarII(breakout)in1937.,brokeout,表示“发生、进行”等的不及物动词和短语，如：happen,takeplace,breakout,comeabout,last,cometrue,runout,turnout,belongto等以主动形式表示被动意义。,8.Theshop(open)at6am.everyday,表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run.),opens,9.(1)Thebuildingnextyearisournewlibrary(2)Thebuildingnowisournewlibrary.(3)Thebuildinglastyearisournewlibrary.,tobebuilt,beingbuilt,built,非谓语动词的被动形式beingdone(表动作正在被进行)havingbeendone(表动作已经被进行)tobedone(表动作将要被做)tohavebeendone(表动作到将来某时将已经被完成)done(表动作已经被完成),(build),非谓语动词的被动情况,10.Yourjacketneeds.(wash),want/need/require作“需要”讲时后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。,washing,tobewashed,11.Thebookisworth.(read),beworth后常接动名词，用主动表示被动义,reading,12.Thebookisdifficult(understand),反射不定式，不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。(difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,light,comfortable,safe),tounderstand,13.Iwillgivehimsomething(drink),不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。,todrink,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_to