专业四级-2001(完形填空与单项选择)

(专业四级TEM-4 2001)The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his (31) languages,full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual (32) , and a knowledge and understanding of the (33) subject-matter in his field of specialization.That is,as it (34) ,his professional equipment. (35) this,it is desirable that he should have an (36) mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work (37) his own,often at high speeds,but should be humble enough to consult others (38) his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task (39) . He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and,if he is working mainly for publication,should have more than a nodding (40) with printing techniques and proof-reading.If he is working basically as an information translator,let us say,for an industrial firm,he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to (41) rapidly from one source to another,since this ability is frequently (42) of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translators work. i.e. the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, (43) that he should be able to speak the languages he is dealing with.If he does speak them, it is an advantage (44) a hindrance,but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can (45) with.It is,(46) ,desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to (47) how proper names and place names are pronounced .The same (48) to an ability to write his source languages. If he cannot,it does not (49) .There are many other skills and (50) that are derirable in a translator.31. A. mother B. native C. target D. source32. A. application B. use C. utility D. usage33. A. late B. last C. latest D. later34. A. is B. was C. were D. are35. A. More than B. Except for C. Because of D. In addition to36. A. enquiring B. enquired C. inquiring D. inquired37. A. of B. by C. for D. on38. A. should B. when C. because D. if39. A. in hand B. off hand C. at hand D. by hand40. A. familiarity B. acquaintance C. knowledge D. skill41. A. change B. transform C. turn D. switch42. A. lacked B. required C. faced D. confronted 43. A. essential B. unnecessary C. advantageous D. useless44. A. over B. despite C. rather than D. instead45. A. deal B. concern C. work D. do away 46. A. however B. accordingly C. consequently D. thus47. A. knowing B. having known C. know D. have known48. A. refers B. comes C. applies D. amounts49. A. matter B. mind C. harm D. work50. A. characteristics B. qualities C. distinctions D. features译文：一名译者必须精通源语言，熟悉其各种最新的用法，能够熟练处理通常是其母语或习惯使用语言的目标语言，而且还必须知道并理解其专业领域中出现的最新题材。这些也可以说就是他的职业装备。除此之外，他最好还能有追根究底的精神、广泛的兴趣、良好的记忆力，以及迅速掌握最新发展动态的基本准则的能力。他应当愿意独立工作，而且通常是高效地工作；但与此同时，当其知识结构不足以应付手头的任务时，他也应该愿意谦虚地向别人请教。他应该能够快速而准确地打字，而且如果主要是为出版需要翻译的话，他还应该对印刷技术和校对有相当的了解。如果他主要从事资料翻译，比方说，为一家工业公司做翻译的话，他的头脑应该非常敏捷，能迅速地从一门源语言转换到另一门源语言，或是从一种题材转换到另一种题材，因为此类工作通常要求译者具备这种能力。考虑到笔译工作的性质就是处理书面文字，严格地说，译者并不一定要会讲他所处理的语言。如果他确实会讲，这当然是一个优势而非障碍，但是从很多方面来说，这种技能是一种不必要的奢侈。不过，他最好能对源语言的发音有一个大致的了解，哪怕这种了解只限于对专有名词和地名的发音。用源语言写作的能力也是如此。如果他拥有这种能力，这当然最好；如果没有，也不要紧。对于一个译者来说，还有其他很多应当具备的技能和素质。31.D. 本题的解答需要对比下文中的target language，与之相对的只能是source language(s)。这样正确答案便显而易见了。（语义线索题。注意利用上下文语境进行逻辑判断。下文多次出现source languages。也可为本题的解答提供线索。）32.B只有use的意思是“使用”，of habitual use意为“习惯性使用的”，符合题意。（词汇线索题。考查名词的含义。A. application 表示“（理论知识等的）应用”，如：the application of new scientific discoveries新的科学发现的应用，不合题意。C. utility 和D.usage似乎都跟“使用”有关，但utility的意思是“效用，效果”，usage的意思是“使用方式，用法”，均不合题意。）33.C 选项C“最新的”可以和subject-matter in his field of specialization（他本专业领域的题材）搭配，而其他的几个选项词义均不合适。（词汇线索题。本题考查四个选项意思的区别。A.“迟的”、B.“最后的”、D“后来”，不难排除。）34.C 词组as it were表示“似乎，可以说是”之意，选项C正确。（固定搭配题。考查考生对习惯表达方式的掌握。as it is/was 是“事实上”的意思，如：As it is/was, we can hardly get to the station by 6 oclock.不符题意。）35.D 从上下文来看，此句的意思是对上文句意的递进，in addition to 意为“除此之外”，故选项D正确。（语义线索题。考查篇章分析能力。More than 一般不可用来引导递进语义关系的状语，也不太用于句首，常见于短语more than pleased/sorry，表示“非常乐意（抱歉）”。）36.C本题的解答需要考生可以正确区分两个形近词。enquire和inquire虽然可以通用，但是要表示“爱探究的”这一意思的形容词只能是inquiring,不存在enquiring这一词。故选项C正确。（词汇辨析题。过去分词表示“被动、完成”之义；此处并非mind“被探究”，而是“爱探究的”mind，故只能用-ing形式而非-ed形式。由此可排除B、D）37.D on ones own 意为“独立的、独自的”，符合题意，故选项D正确。（固定搭配题。考查习惯用法。of ones own 意为“自己拥有的”如a room of my own“我自己的房间”不符合题意。而for和by不与ones own搭配）38.A 四个选项中只有should能够提前，省略if，引导倒装的分句，是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，正常语序为if his own language should not always.。此外should表示可能性不大的假设，意为“假使，万一”。（语法题。考查情态动词的特殊用法。此题如用when,because或if，则not前面缺少助动词或情态动词。）39.A in hand “手头的，（工作）在进行（讨论、研究、办理）之中的，在掌握（控制）中的，”此处修饰the task，故最佳选项为A，表示“手头的任务”。（词汇线索题。考查以hand为核心的介词短语的含义。off ones hands“不再由某人负责”（没有B.off hand之说）；C.at hand“近在手边，供使用，即将到来，被考虑中”；D.by hand“用手（与机器相对），用体力”。）40.B have a nodding/bowing acquaintance with sth./sb.是固定短语，意为“略通，初步了解”，故选B。（固定搭配题。考查习惯用法。选项A、C、D均无此搭配。）41.D 选项D.switch表示在不同事物之间转变、转移，或切换，如switch the conversation to a lighter subject （把谈话转移到一个更轻松的话题），符合题意。（词汇辨析题。考查句子层面动词的含义。四个选项都有“转，换”的意思，但A.change表示的是事物本身的“改变，转变”，如:change the idea(改变主意) B.transform表示的是事物外形、形态或结构上发生改变，如：transform heat into power（把热力转化为能量）；C.turn一般表示“（方向、位置、性质或颜色上的）变化”，均不符题意。）42.B (sth. is ) required of sb./require sth. of sb.为固定搭配，意思是“要求某人.”，如：Scilence is required of all the examination candidates.（所有应试者都需保持安静。）B符合题意。（词汇线索题。lack意为“缺乏”，可作及物动词，直接接宾语；做不及物动词时常用于sb. be lacking in sth.或sth. be lacking结构，如：He is lacking in courage.(他缺乏勇气。)face意为“（使）面对”，为及物动词，如：The difficulty that faces us is the number of those in need.(我们面临的困难是需要帮助的人太多。)另外也可用于be faced with结构。Confront意思与face相近，意为“（使）碰到，（使）遇到”，为及物动词，常用于be confronted with结构，如：We are now confronted with many difficulties.(我们现在面临很多困难。)）43.B 考查篇章分析能力。从上下文来看，这一句话强调翻译工作是处理书面文字，也就是说会讲这门语言并不一定必要，而且下一句紧接着说“如果他确实会讲”，进一步说明了不是人人都一定要会讲的。另外，it is (un)necessary that 后接的从句中应该使用should型的虚拟语气，这与该句相符，所以B符合文意。（语义线索题。A。essential“本质的，实质的，基本的”，C.advantageous“有利的”D.useless“无效的，无益的”，均不符题意。）44.C 从意义上来看，用选项C表示“而不是”，符合句意。（语义线索题。考查介词（词组）的含义与用法。Instead也表示“而不是”，但用法有误，应为instead of。advantage与over搭配后跟的宾语为“处于劣势”的一方。如：Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage over other applicants for the job.(她有教学经验，这使她比其他申请这份工作的人具有更大的优势。)所以A也不符题意。）45.D从上下文来看，but暗示语义的转折，另外单词luxury本身也暗示该技能是“奢侈品”而不是“必需品”，所以do away with“去掉”表明译者并非一定需要该技能，符合文意。（语义线索题。考查篇章分析能力。deal with 也是一个词组，表示“对付，处理”，但用在此处在语义上不符。）46.A 上文提到没有必要会讲这门语言，而这句话的意思是最好能对源语言的发音有一个大致的了解，语义上是一个转折，however表示“然而，但是”，所以A最符合文意。（语义线索题。考查篇章分析能力。B.accordingly表示“相应地”；C.consequently表示“因此”；D.thus表示“所以”，均不符题意。）47.A 考查动词词组用法。词组be restricted to中的to是介词而不是不定式，需跟名词或动名词，故A正确。（词汇线索题。时态上没有必要用完成时，所以B不正确。）48.C apply to表示“适用于”，the same applies to 表示“（某事）同样如此”，正符合文意。（词汇线索题。考查句子层面动词的含义。refer to表示“提及，谈到，指”；amount to表示“达到；等于，相当于”，均不符合文意。come to用法很多，如“达到，总计为；终于；结果是”等，但也都不符合文意。）49.A it does not matter表示“不要紧，没关系”，正和文意，故A正确。（词汇线索题。考查句子层面动词的含义。mind表示“介意，在意”，主语一般为人；harm为及物动词，用法错误；it does not work表示“不起作用，行不通”，不符合文意。）50.B qualities可以表示“（人拥有的）素质；品质”，在此处指作为一名译者所需要的“（职业）素质”，B最符合文意。（词汇线索题。考查句子层面名词的含义。characteristics表示显著的，能帮助突出人或东西特征的“特色”；distinctions表示“不同之处，差别，荣誉”；features也可以表示“特征，特色”，但用于人的时候一般指“面部特征”，均不符题意。）51. I cant gofor one thing,I have no money,and , I have too much work. (2001)A. whats more B. as well C. for another D. in addition52. Even as a girl, to be her life,and theater audiences were to be her best teachers. (2001) A. performing by Melissa were B. it was known that Melissas performances wereC. knowing that Melissas performances were D. Melissa knew that performing was53. him tomorrow? (2001) A. Why not to call on B. why dont call on C. Why not calling on D. why not call on54. There is no doubt the company has made the right decision on the sales project. (2001) A. why B. that C. whether D. when55. Intellect is to the mind sight is to the body. (2001) A. what B. as C. that D. like56. I sympathize, I cant really do very much to help them out of the sales project. (2001) A. As long as B. As C. While D. Even57. The patients progress was very encouraging as he could get out of bed without help. (2001) A. nearly B. hardly C. merely D. barely58. He was to tell the truth even to his closest friend. (2001) A. too much of a coward B. too much the coward C. a coward enough D. enough of coward59. Barry had an advantage over his mother he could speak French. (2001) A. since that B. in that C. at that D. so that60. You neednt worry regards the cost of the operation. (2001) A. with B. which C. as D. about61. is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2001) A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall62. Whether my brother right or wrong, he will have my unwavering support. (2001) A. is B. were C. be D. would be63. All you do now is your homework. (2001) A. complete B. completing C. having completed D. to have completed64. William! I knew he would win. (2001) A. Thanks B. Goodness knows C. Thank goodness D. Good old65. Although it seemed to take all her strength ,the patient up a smile to her mom. (2001) A. sent B. summoned C. conjured D. squeezed66. Soon after the accident happened,the vehicles involved were away. (2001) A. jerked B. dragged C. towed D. draped67. During the famine, many people were to going without food for days. (2001) A. sunk B. reduced C. forced D. declined68. The computer can be programmed to a whole variety of tasks. (2001) A. assign B. tackle C. realize D. solve69. The teams efforts to score were by the opposing goalkeeper. (2001) A. frustrated B. prevented C. discouraged D. accomplished70. I only know the man by but I have never spoken to him. (2001) A. chance B. heart C. sight D. experience71. Being colour-blind,Sally cant make a between red and green. (2001) A. difference B. distinction C. comparison D. division72. You must insist that students give a truthful answer with the reality of their world. (2001) A. relevant B. simulaneous C. consistent D. practical73. In order to raise money,Aunt Nicola had to with some of her most treasured possessions. (2001) A. devide B. separate C. part D. abandon74. The car was in good working when I bought it a few months ago. (2001) A. order B. form C. state D. circumstance75. The customer expressed her for that broad hat. (2001) A. disapproval B. distaste C. dissatisfaction D. dismay76. In order to repair barns,build fences, grow crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be . (2001) A. restless B. skilled C. strong D. versatile77. His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in to his income. (2001) A. comparison B. proportion C. association D. calculation78. Although he has become rich, he is still very of his money. (2001) A. economic B. thrify C. frugal D. careful79. As the manager was away on a business trip,I was asked to the weekly staff meeting. (2001) A. preside B. introduce C. chair D. dominate80. The of the word is unknown, but it is certainly not from Greek. (2001) A. orgin B. generation C. decent D. cause51.C译文：我不能去，一则我没钱，二则我有很多工作要做。 解析：固定结构.for one thing.for another是固定搭配，通常表示原因的列举。Whats more和in addition都表示“此外，另外”，as well 表示“也，同样”，但此三项都不能与for one thing搭配使用。52.D 译文：还只是一个小姑娘的时候，梅丽莎就知道表演将是她一生的事业，而观众们将是她最好的老师。 解析：句子整体语法结构。从“Even as a girl”可以看出主语应该是人，而后面有两个to be构成并列结构，只有D符合句式要求并且语法正确。四个选项中A句中主语为performing，谓语为were，主谓不一致，属语法错误；C句中主语为knowing，谓语为were，也是主谓不一致；此外performing和knowing也都不可能作为a girl的逻辑主语。而B虽然语法正确，但主语是it，也不能作为as短语的逻辑主语。53.D 译文：何不明天去拜访他呢？ 解析：固定句型。Why not do sth.?表示“为什么不.？”通常用作建议，如：Why not come more often? 若用助动词do，则需主语you，B若改为：why dont you call on，也正确。54.B 译文：毫无疑问，该公司在销售计划上所做的决定是正确的。 解析：同位语从句修饰doubt时的引导词问题。doubt在否定句中带同位语从句时引导词通常是that；在肯定句中则一般用whether。如：There is some doubt whether he will come on time(人们怀疑他是否会准时来。)I dont doubt at all that he will finish it on time.(我绝对相信他会按时完成任务的。)55.A 译文：智力对于大脑而言就如同视力之于身体。 解析：语法结构。what可以作为一个关系代词，表示“就像.一样”，用于句型X is to Y what Xl is to Yl，表示“X之于Y正如Xl之于Yl”。如：The dry salted cod is to the Portuguese what pasta is to the Italians.(对葡萄牙人来说，咸鳕鱼干就像面食对意大利人那样不可或缺。)56.C译文：尽管我很同情他们，但要帮助他们摆脱困境，我确实帮不上什么忙。 解析：引导让步状语从句的连词用法。while引导让步状语从句时意义相当于although，但while让步分句只能位于句首。As long as 和as都不能用来引导让步状语从句；even不是连词，如改为even if则可选。57.A 译文：病人情况的好转令人鼓舞，他几乎不用别人帮忙也可以下床了。 解析：副词的含义。B.hardly表示“几乎不”；C.merely表示“仅仅，只能”；D.barely表示“几乎不”，与hardly是近义词。从句意上来看，由于A.nearly是肯定性副词，符合前文encouraging的语义，所以为最佳选项。58.A 译文：他实在太胆小了，甚至不敢把真相告诉他最亲密的朋友。 解析：习惯用法。“too.to”结构表示“太.以至于不能”；much of a +名词，意为“称得上.的”，“具有.属性的”，此结构通常用于否定含义。两者合起来即“太具有（胆小鬼的）特性了，以至于不敢.”。59.B 译文：巴里比他母亲强的一点在于他能讲法语。 解析：短语含义与用法。In that表示“既然，因为；在.方面”，如：The budget is unrealistic in that it disregards increased costs.因此B为正确选项。since that和at that 为语法错误；so that表示“以便，因而”，不合句意。60.C 译文：你不必担心手术的费用问题。 解析：短语用法。As regards是固定短语，表示“关于.，至于.”，同义短语有with/in regard to, with/in regard of, regarding, concerning，如：As regards the contract,the second paragraph must be changed.61.D 译文：个子不高在生活中并不是一个十分严重的劣势。 解析：句子整体语法结构。一般来说，-ing结构作主语表泛指，而不定式结构作主语往往与特定的动作联系在一起，表示一次具体的行为。从句子的意思来看，应该用-ing结构表泛指含义。此外，-ing结构的否定形式是把否定词放在-ing结构前，所以D为正确选项。 62.C 译文：不管我哥哥是对还是错，我都坚定不移地支持他。 解析：此题考查的是be型虚拟式在if,whether,lest,so long as等引导的分居中表示推测、让步等含义的用法。所以，正确答案为C。63.A 译文：你现在要做的就是完成作业。 解析：此题考查的是，在SVC（主、系、表）句型中，如果主语部分有实义动词do的某种形式，则作主语补足语的不定式既可带to也可不带to。所以，正确答案为选项A。注意，D的不定式时态不当。64.D 译文：好个威廉！我就知道他会赢的。 解析：good old后接人名，如good old John/William表示对某人（不负众望）的行为表示称赞，D为正确答案。65.B 译文：病人像是费尽了全身力气，朝她妈妈做了一个笑脸。 解析：send up sth.指“发射（火箭等）或取笑某事物”；summon up指“振作，鼓起，发挥出（某品性）来做某事”；conjure up sth.指“使某事物浮现于脑际，祈求（鬼魂）显灵（尤指使用巫术的）”；squeeze up“（使）挤紧，（使）挤拢”。根据句意，应该是summon up a smile“挤出一个笑容”。所以，正确答案为B。66.C 译文：事故发生后不久，有关车辆就都被拖走了。 解析：jerk“急拉，猛扯”；drag“拖，缓慢而费力地拉拽”；tow“（用绳、链等）拖、拉（某物）”；drape“悬挂，披”。根据句意，正确选项应该是C。67.B 译文：在那次饥荒中，许多人沦落到数日没有食物充饥的地步。 解析：短语用法。be reduced to sth./doing sth.是固定短语，表示“是沦落为.”“使陷于.地步”，如：The Depression reduced many people to begging on street corners.(大萧条使许多人沦落到街头乞讨的田地。)故B正确。A.sunk和D.declined没有be done to的用法；be forced to 表示“被迫做.”，但是to为不定式符号，后要跟动词原形。68.B 译文：计算机通过编制程序可以处理各种各样的任务。 解析：词语搭配。tackle“处理，”即deal with，B符合句意；solve是“解决”的意思，一般不与task搭配，“完成任务”一般用fulfil/perform the task。Assign表示“分配，指定（任务等）”，realize表示“实现（计划，安排等）”，均不合句意。69.A 译文：该队几次试图破门得分的努力都被对方守门员挫败了。 解析：词语搭配。frustrate可与efforts搭配，表示“使.（的努力）受挫”。D.accomplished不合句意；B.prevented和C.discouraged都有“阻碍，阻止”的意思，符合句意，但一般都不与efforts搭配。prevent的常用表达为prevent.from doing；而discourage后接宾语为人时，表示“使人沮丧”，强调情绪上的情况。discourage表示“阻止”时，宾语为所阻止的具体行为，而不是泛泛的efforts，如：The school teachers discourage smoking.(学校老师不赞成吸烟。)当使用discourage sb. from doing sth.时，discourage与prevent同义。70.C 译文：我与他只是见过面，但从未说过话。 解析：固定短语含义。know sb. by sight表示“仅见过面，面熟”，类似表达还有know sb. by name表示对某人“只知姓名”；by chance表示“偶然，意外地”；（learn sth.）by heart表示“熟记，默记”；by experience表示“凭经验”，“从经验中”。从句意来看，C为最佳选项。71.B 译文：因为色盲，萨利红绿不辨。 解析：固定短语含义。Made a distinction between表示“区分，对.加以区别”，B符合句意，为正确答案。division表示“分隔，分割”，一般不用于make a division； make a difference between表示“区别对待”如：The law makes a difference between offensive and criminal behavior.(法律对违法行为和犯罪行为是区别对待的。)make a comparison between表示“对.进行比较”，不符合句意。72.C 译文：你必须要求学生们给出一个真实的、与其所处世界的现实相符的答案。 解析：形容词与介词的搭配。consistent一般与with搭配，表示“与.一致的，与.相符的”，C符合句意。relevant与to搭配，表示“与.相关的”；simultaneous表示“同时发生的”，一般作前置定语，也可与with搭配，如：This event was almost simulaneous with that one.(这件事几乎是与那件事同时发生的。)practical表示“实际的，实践的”，一般不与with连用。73.C 译文：为了筹钱，尼古拉姑姑不得不舍弃了一些她最珍爱的物品。 解析：动词含义与用法。part可与with或from搭配，表示“与.分手”，可引申为“舍弃，放弃”，“卖掉”，C符合句意。abandon为及物动词；devide和separate一般多用作及物动词，用作不及物动词时两者都可与into搭配,都表示“分成.部分”；separate还可与from搭配，表示“与.分开，离开”。74.A 译文：我这辆车几个月前买时性能很好。 解析：短语含义与用法。四个选项都可以用来表示