提高认证有效性实现科学发展―中国认证制度介绍.ppt

国家认证认可监督管理委员会(CNCA）byMr.JinLiping,提高认证有效性实现科学发展中国认证制度介绍EnhancingEffectivenessofCertificationandRealizingScientificDevelopmentIntroductionofCertificationSchemesinChina,认证认可:国际通行的规范经济、促进发展的重要手段企业和组织机构提高管理与服务水平、保证产品质量、提高竞争力的可靠方式国家从源头上确保产品质量安全、规范市场行为、指导消费、保护环境、保护人民生命健康、促进对外贸易的战略性选择CertificationandAccreditation:AninternationallyadoptedmeasuretoregulateeconomyandpromotedevelopmentAreliablemethodoforganizationstoenhancemanagementlevel,guaranteeproductqualityandimprovecompetitivenessAstrategicchoiceofthenationtoguaranteeproductsafety,regulatemarket,guideconsumers,protectenvironment,protecthumanlifeandhealth,andtopromoteinternationaltrade,为保护广大消费者人身和动植物生命安全，保护环境、保护国家安全，依照法律法规实施强制性产品认证。ChinaimplementsCompulsoryProductCertificationinaccordancewithrelevantlawsandregulationsforthepurposeofprotectionofstatesecurity,preventionofdeceptivepractices,andprotectionofhumanlifeorsafety,animalorplantlifeorhealth,andtheenvironment.开展自愿性认证：指导消费者选购性能良好的商品，提高企业的市场竟争能力，全面提高产品的性能和提高企业持续稳定地生产符合标准要求的能力。Chinapromotesvoluntarycertificationtoguideconsumers,improveenterprisescompetitiveness,theirproductsperformanceandtheircapabilitytomaintaincompliance.,强制性产品认证制度ChinaCompulsoryProductCertification(CCC),一组织机构Part1:OrganizationalStructure,二规范性文件Part2:RegulatoryDocuments,强制性产品认证标志管理办法RegulationsforCompulsoryProductCertification第一批实施强制性产品认证的产品目录TheFirstCatalogueofProductsSubjecttoCompulsoryCertification实施强制性产品认证有关问题的通知ArrangementsfortheImplementationofCompulsoryCertification列入目录内产品的强制性认证实施规则ImplementationRulesofCompulsoryCertification承担强制性产品认证检测检查机构指定管理办法RegulationsforDesignatingCertification,TestingandInspectionBodiesforCompulsoryCertification强制性产品认证收费规定RegulationsforFeesofCompulsoryCertification,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,1.主管机关及职能Thecompetentauthorityanditsresponsibilities国家质检总局为国务院直属机构，负责全国的标准、计量、质量监督、检验、检疫工作，其在强制性产品认证工作中的职能为：GeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervisionInspectionandQuarantineofthePeoplesRepublicofChina(AQSIQ），directlyundertheStateCouncil,responsibleforstandardization,metrology,qualitysupervision,inspectionandquarantine.ItsresponsibilitiesrelatedtoCCCare：批准并与认监委共同对外发布目录；toapproveandannouncewithCNCAproductcatalogue组织制定强制性产品认证规章；tosetoutregulationsrelatedtoCCC,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,国家认监委与CCC相关职责CNCAsResponsibilitiesrelatedtoCCC拟定、调整目录并与国家质检总局共同对外发布todraftandadjustproductcatalogueandannouncewithAQSIQ制定和发布目录内产品认证实施规则toestablishandannounceImplementationRulesforCCC制定并发布认证标志，确定强制性产品认证证书的要求toestablishandannounceCCCmarkandsetoutrequirementsforCCCcertificate指定承担认证任务的认证机构及为其提供产品检测、工厂审查的检查机构，指定认证标志发放机构todesignatecertification,testingandinspectionbodiesforCCCandCCCMarkissuingcenter,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,国家认监委与CCC相关职责CNCAsResponsibilitiesrelatedtoCCC公布获证产品及相关企业topublishCCCcertifiedproductsandtheirproducers指导地方质检机构对强制性产品认证违法行为的查处toguideregionalqualitysupervisionbodiestoinvestigateandsanctionviolenceofrelevantlawsandregulations受理有关投诉和申诉事宜，组织查处重大认证违法行为todealwithcomplaintsandappealsandorganizeinvestigationandsanction审批特殊用途产品免于强制性认证的事项toapproveexemptions,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,2有关行业部门在强制性产品认证方面的职能RelevantMinistriesResponsibilitiesRelatedtoCCC按照国务院的规定，国务院相应行业主管部门应积极配合、支持并服从国家认证认可监督管理委员会对强制性产品认证工作的管理。国家认监委在强制性产品认证制度建立和实施过程中将积极发挥各部门的作用。RelevantministriesandcompetentauthoritiesunderthestateCouncilgivesupporttoCNCAforCCC.,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,3地方政府质检机构RegionalQualitySupervisionBodies地方质检机构是指地方质量技术监督部门和各地出入境检验检疫部门。地方质检机构在强制性产品认证工作中的职能为：对所辖区内列入目录的产品实施监督。严禁未获得认证的目录内产品进入本辖区。对强制性产品认证违法行为进行查处。Regionalqualitysupervisionbodiesrefertoregionalqualitysupervisionbureausandimport-exportcommodityinspectionbureaus.TheirresponsibilitiesrelatedtoCCCare：tosuperviseCCCofproductswithintheirrespectivejurisdictionstoinvestigateandsanctionviolenceoflawsandregulationsrelatedtoCCC,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,4指定认证机构及检测、检查机构Designatedcertification,testingandinspectionbodies指定认证机构是强制性认证工作实施的主体，其主要职责为：按照认证实施规则的要求实施具体产品的强制性认证活动向获证产品及相关企业颁发强制性产品认证证书对获证产品及相关生产厂进行跟踪检查暂停、注销和撤消认证证书处理有关方面对认证产品及认证申请人的投诉、申诉TheresponsibilitiesofdesignatedCBSare:TodocertificationinaccordancewithImplementationRulesforCCCToissuetoenterprisesCCCcertificatesforcertifiedproductsTodosurveillanceofcertifiedproductsandtheirfactoriesTosuspend,cancelandwithdrawcertificatesTodealwithcomplaintsandappealsaboutcertifiedproductsandcertificationapplicants,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,为认证机构提供服务的检测、检查机构接受认证机构的委托为其提供认证产品的检测报告、认证产品生产厂的工厂审查报告。Contractedtestinglaboratoriesandinspectionbodiesofthecertificationbodyprovidetestreportsandfactoryinspectionreports.认证机构对强制性产品认证证书负责。ThecertificationbodyisresponsibleforCCCcertificatesitissues.,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3ResponsibilitiesandObligations,5指定认证标志发放机构CCCMarkIssuingCenter根据企业提供的认证证书，发放认证标志接受国家认证认可监督管理委员会的委托，对于非标准规格的认证标志以及模压等其他方式使用的认证标志的使用方案进行核准为地方质检机构提供执法所需的信息toissueCCCMarktoapprovetheuseofnon-standardCCCMarkstoprovideinformationneedforlawenforcement,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,6.指定认证机构、检测机构、检查机构在强制性产品认证工作中的义务：ObligationsofdesignatedCBs,testinglabsandinspectionbodies1）接受国家认监委的监督toacceptsupervisionbyCNCA2）在指定范围内开展相应工作todocertification,testingorinspectionwithinthedesignatedscope3）保证认证、检测、检查结果的准确性，承担相关法律责任toensureaccuracyofcertification,testorinspectionresultsandbearrelevantlegalliabilities4）保守认证产品、申请人、生产厂的技术秘密toprotectconfidentialityoftechnicalsecretsofcertifiedproducts,certificationapplicantsandthefactories,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,5）未经许可不得向其他机构转让认证受理、认证决定、检测、检查权力nottosubcontractitsrightsofacceptanceanddecisionofcertification,testingandinspectionwithoutauthorization6）不得从事与本机构业务相关的咨询服务nottodoconsultancyrelatedtoitsownbusiness7）不得擅自与其他机构签署关于认证结果、检测结果、检查结果的相互承认协议nottorecognizeresultsofcertification,testingandinspectionofotherbodieswithoutauthorization8）配合执法部门的监督检查工作tosupportmarketsurveillancebylawenforcementauthorities9）建立申诉、投诉机制，公正处理认证争议tosetupmechanismsforcomplaintsandappeals,anddealwithcertificationdisputes,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,7.目录内产品的生产者、销售者、进口商和经营活动的使用者在强制性产品认证制度实施过程中的义务：Obligationsofmanufacturers,dealers,importersandusersforcommercialpurposesintheprocessofCCCcertification:1）自觉提出认证申请tomakeapplicationsforcertificationonitsowninitiative2）保证提供实施认证的必要条件toprovidenecessaryconditionsforcertification3）保证获得认证的产品始终符合认证实施规则的要求toensurethatcertifiedproductscontinuetomeetrequirementsofImplementationRules,三强制性产品认证制度的建立与实施体系Part3CCC:ResponsibilitiesandObligations,4）保证销售、进口和使用的产品为获得认证的产品toensurethatproductsitsells,importsorusesarecertified5）按规定加施认证标志toapplyCCCMarkinaccordancewithrelevantrequirements6）不得利用CCC认证标志误导消费者nottouseCCCMarktomisguideconsumers7）不得转让、买卖认证证书和认证标志或者部分出示、部分复印认证证书nottosellorpurchaseCCCcertificatesormarks,andnottodisplayorcopy8）接受执法监督部门的执法检查toacceptsurveillancebylawenforcementauthorities9）对生产、销售、进口的目录内产品承担安全质量责任。tobearlegalliabilitiesforproductsitmanufactures,sellsorimports,四强制性产品认证产品目录Part4CCC:ProductCatalogue,电线电缆（共5种）电路开关及保护或连接用电器装置（共6种）低压电器（共9种）低电压电器小功率电动机（共1种）电动工具（共16种）电焊机（共15种）家用和类似用途设备（共18种）音视频设备类（不包括广播级音响设备和汽车音响设备）（共16种）信息技术设备（共12种）照明设备（共2种）（不包括电压低于36V的照明设备）机动车辆及安全附件（共17种）,ElectricalWiresandCablesSwitchesforCircuits,InstallationProtectiveandConnectionDevicesLow-voltageElectricalApparatusSmallPowerMotorElectricToolsWeldingMachineHouseandSimilarUseApplianceAudioandVideoApparatusITEquipmentLightingEquipmentMotorVehiclesandSafetyParts,四强制性产品认证产品目录Part4CCC:ProductCatalogue,轮胎产品（共3种）安全玻璃（共3种）农机产品（共2种）乳胶制品（共1种）电信终端设备（共9种）医疗器械产品（共7种）消防产品（共3种）安全技术防范产品（共4种）无线局域产品（共1种）装饰装修材料（共3种）玩具（共6种）,TireSafetyGlassAgriculturalMachineryLatexProductsTelecommunicationTerminalEquipmentMedicalDeviceFireFightingProductSecurityandProtectionProductWirelessLocalAreaNetworkProductDecorationProductToy,五强制性产品认证的指定机构Part5DesignatedCBs,五强制性产品认证的指定机构Part5DesignatedCBs,五强制性产品认证的指定机构Part5DesignatedCBs,六强制性产品认证的实施程序Part6ProcedureofCCC,一般包括如下程序：（一）认证申请和受理；（二）型式试验；（三）工厂审查；（四）抽样检测；（五）认证结果评价和批准；（六）获得认证后的监督。Standardprocedure:ApplicationforcertificationanditsacceptanceTypetestFactoryinspectionSampletestingEvaluationandapprovalofcertificationresultSurveillance,七强制性产品认证证书及标志Part7ProcedureofCCC,强制性产品认证证书是证明目录内产品符合认证实施规则要求并准许其使用认证标志的证明文件。为便于监管，认证证书的格式由国家认监委统一规定。CCCcertificateisacertificatetodemonstratethataproductconformswiththerelevantCCCImplementationRuleandallowtheuseofCCCMark.TheformatofCCCcertificateissetoutbyCNCA.强制性产品认证标志CCCMark,八强制性产品认证现状Part8CCCStatistics,截至2009年9月20日，共累计颁发CCC认证证书429435张，有效证书为245801张，其中国内产品224090张，国外产品21711张。持有效证书的企业数为41097家，其中国内企业36258家，国外企业4839家。其中蒙古目前没有企业通过强制性产品认证。BySept.20,2009:429435certificatesissued,245801validcertificates,224090certificatesfordomesticproductsand21711certificatesforimportedproducts41097enterprisesholdingvalidcertificates,36258domesticonesand4839overseasNoMongolianenterpriseholdingCCCcertificate,自愿性认证VoluntaryCertificationSchemes,一自愿性认证类别Part1TypesofVoluntaryCertification,我国开展由国家认证认可行业管理部门会同相应的行业管理部门制定相应的认证制度，经批准并具有资质的认证机构按照“统一的认证标准、实施规则和认证程序”开展实施的认证项目，即国家推行的自愿性认证制度，简称国推自愿认证。目前我国开展的国推自愿认证业务包括饲料产品、国家节能环保型汽车、有机产品和良好农业规范认证（GAP）等，这四项认证主要以推荐性国标为标准进行实施。CNCAincollaborationwithrelevantcompetentauthoritiessetsoutnationallypromotedvoluntarycertificationschemes.Approvedcertificationbodiesdocertificationinaccordancewithunifiedstandards,rulesandprocedures.Theyarefeedproductcertification,energy-savingandenvironmentallyfriendlyautomobilecertification,organicproductcertification,GoodAgriculturalPracticecertification.Recommendednationalstandardsareappliedinthesecertifications.,一自愿性认证类别Part1TypesofVoluntaryCertification,国家积极推动管理体系认证的实施。Thenationpromotesmanagementsystemcertifications.国家积极鼓励、引导和规范认证机构自行开发认证领域的工作模式。Thenationencourages,guides,andregulatesvoluntarycertificationschemesdevelopedbycertificationbodies.,二国推自愿认证Part2NationallyPromotedVoluntaryCertification,节能环保型汽车认证：Energy-savingandenvironmentallyfriendlyautomobilecertification为引导公众树立健康、节约、环保的消费理念，促进和规范节能、环保型汽车的发展，国家认监委在全社会推行国家节能环保型汽车认证实施规则轻型汽车产品。Inordertoenhanceconsumersawarenessofenergysavingandenvironmentprotection,andtoincreaseandregulatethedevelopmentofenergy-savingandenvironmentallyfriendlyautomobile,CNCApromotesenergy-savingandenvironmentallyfriendlyautomobilecertificationandissuedImplementationRulesforthecertificationoflightautomobiles.,二国推自愿认证Part2NationallyPromotedVoluntaryCertification,饲料产品认证：Feedproductcertification企业自愿申请，认证机构对饲料和饲料添加剂产品及其生产过程按照有关标准或者技术规范要求进行合格评定。Enterprisesmakeapplicationsonavoluntarybasis.Certificationbodiesassessfeeds,feedadditivesandtheirproductionprocessinaccordancewithrelevantstandardsandtechnicalrules.对饲料生产企业应用危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）原理的质量管理体系及产品质量、安全提出了要求，对饲料生产企业持续稳定提供符合相关法规要求的饲料产品的能力及饲料产品质量、安全等方面做出评价。RequirementsarespecifiedforqualitymanagementsystembasedonHACCP,andforproductsafety.Assessmentismadeonthemanufacturerscapabilitytoproducecontinuouslycompliantfeeds,andfeedsafety.,二国推自愿认证Part2NationallyPromotedVoluntaryCertification,良好农业规范认证：GAPcertification国家认监委制定了良好农业规范认证实施规则（试行），并指定认证机构作为试点，在种植、养殖行业全面开展CHINAGAP认证，提高我国初级农产品质量安全。Inordertoimprovequalityofprimaryagriculturalproducts,CNCAissuedImplementationRulesforGoodAgriculturalPractice(GAP)Certification（tentative)anddesignatedcertificationbodiestodoChinaGAPcertificationinplantingandbreedingindustriesasapilotproject.ChinaGAP标准涉及食品安全、环境保护、员工健康安全和福利、动物健康安全和福利等方面的内容。获得ChinaGAP认证证书将与EUREPGAP直接进行互认。ChinaGAPstandardscoverfoodsafety,environmentprotection,health,safetyandwelfareofworkers.MutualrecognitionhasbeenreachedbetweenChinaGAPandEUREPGAPcertificates.,二国推自愿认证Part2NationallyPromotedVoluntaryCertification,有机产品认证:OrganicProductCertification以GB/T19630.119630.4-2005有机产品为标准具体实施。ThestandardGB/T19630.119630.4-2005(OrganicProducts)isapplied.有机产品包括有机食品、有机纺织品、皮革、化妆品、林产品、生产资料和动物饲料等。Organicproductsincludeorganicfoods,textiles,cosmetics,forestryproduct,pr