XX年中考英语被动语态专项练习题

XX年中考英语被动语态专项练习题 xx-xx学年全国英语中考专练 被动语态讲解 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 例All the preparations for the task have been pleted, and were ready to start. 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例A new cinema is being built here 4） was/were done 一般过去时 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5） had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been pleted in Bei _g. 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 例The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived. 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例The project will have been pleted before July. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一 个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。例I dont like being laughed at in the public. 二、 如何使用被动语态 学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。 例 My bike was stolen last night. 2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。 例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should aept the offer. 3. 为了更好地安排。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有： It is said that 据说,It is reported that据报道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，It is thought that大家认为，It is suggested that据建议。 例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ） 四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。 例 This kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。 试比较：The door wont lock （指门本身有毛病） The door wont be locked （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因） 2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, e out, e about, e true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。 例 How do the newspapers e out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？ 3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 例Your reason sounds reasonable 五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义 在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。 1 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）这房子需要修理。 2 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。 例The picture-book is well worth reading（The picture-book is very worthy to be read） 3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon (to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。) 试比较：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。) 4. 在某些“形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 例This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）. 5 在too to结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。 例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy. 6. 在there be句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。 例There is no time to lose（to be lost）（用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。） 7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。 例 Who is to blame for starting the fire? 六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义 表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。 1. “under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。 例The building is under construction( is being constructed). 2“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎胜过、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信)， beyond ones reach（鞭长莫及），beyond ones control（无法控制），beyond our hope 我们的成功始料不及。 例The rumour is beyond belief（=cant be believed） 3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过、高于”。 例His honest character is above all praise=His honest character cannot be praised enough 4“for+名词”结构，表示 “适于、 为着”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。 例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold). 5“in+名词”结构 ，表示“在过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。 例The book is not yet in print(=is not yet printed) 6“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。 例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed). 7“out of+名词”结构 ； 表示 “超出 之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了)，out of sight （超出视线之外），out of ones reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。 例 The plane was out of control (cant be controlled) 。 8“within+名词”结构，“在内、不超过”。 例He took two days off within the teachers permission. 被动语态习题 1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have to B are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to 2. The fifth generation puters, with artificial intelligence, are _and perfected now. A. developedB. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed 3. - _ the sports meet might be put off - Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told 4. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has pleted B. pletes C. has been pleted D. is pleted 5. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 6. The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed 7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken 8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 9. That suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost 10. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.- Do you like the material? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt 12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed 14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be washed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out 15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out 16. The puters on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to 17. - What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read 18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 19. This page needed _ again. A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked 20. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching 21)It is said that a new robot _by him in a few days. A) designedB) has been designed 中考英语单项选择专题练习动词的语态 1了解被动语态的结构和表达的意义； 2了解被动语态的一些特殊运用形式； 3了解动词各种时态的被动语态形式。 ( )1(xx盐城) Can Mr King spare some time for the charity show? he will try his best to make it Awill be invitedBis invited CinvitesDinvited ( )2(xx扬州) Did you and your sister go to Miss Browns party yesterday？ No Ainvites Binvited Cis invited Dwas invited ( )3(xx上海) Over $ 30，for a childrens hospital by a British girl several months ago Ais raised Bwas raised Cwill be raisedDhas been raised ( )4(xx镇江) The new film The Left Earby Su Youpeng a few months ago，who is also a famous singer Ais directed Bwas directed CdirectedDdirects ( )5(xx南通) Hobo，can I eat the hamburger? Sure， AwashBare washed Cwill washDwill be washed ( )6(xx南京) in 1911 and it has filming location for films and TV plays in recent years AbuildBis built Cbuilt Dwas built ( )7(xx自贡) abroad as exchange students every year Asent Bsend Care sent ( )8(xx福州) Dont smoke here，Dad Oh，sorryIll stop right now Aisnt allowed Barent allowed Cdoesnt allow ( )9(xx烟台) to take part in the English Speech Contest Ais encouraged Bencourages Care encouragingDare encouraged ( )10(xx恩施) So many trees and beautiful flowers Awere planted Bwas plantedCare planted ( )11(xx黄冈) to make their own decisions? No，I dont agree with youTheyre too young to do that AencourageBare encouraging Bare encouraged DWere encouraged ( )12(xx广安) Mike，I looked for you everywhere last night Oh， Aam invited Binvited CinviteDwas invited ( )13(xx威海) another day to make your decision Agave Bare giving Cwill be given ( )14(xx汕尾) in Rio de Janeiro (里约热内卢) of Brazil in xx Ais held Bwill hold Cwill be heldDis going to hold ( )15(xx成都) Awere planted Bare plantedCwill be planted ( )16(xx资阳) Aset up Bsets upCis set upDwas set up ( )17(xx聊城) every day，the window is very clean AcleanedBwill clean Cwas cleaned Dis cleaned ( )18(xx天津) by many people today Ais read Bare read CreadsDwere read ( )19(xx重庆B) We enjoy reading and studying in it AbuildsBbuilt Cis built Dwas built ( )20(xx青岛) to start at once，or we will miss the train Atell Bhave toldCare toldDtold ( )21(xx益阳) Claudia，are you going to Mikes birthday party on Sunday? Aam invitedBinvited Cwas inviting ( )22(xx重庆A) How clean your car is! Thank you Ais washed Bwashes Cwas washed Dwashed ( )23(xx兰州) Day Asend Bwill be sent Cwas sent Dsent ( )24(xx株洲) in 100 minutes Afinish Bbe finished Cis finished ( )25(xx广州) Many by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless AdamagedBwere damaged Cwere damaging Dare damaged ( )26(xx凉山) Are you going to Sams birthday party the day after tomorrow? Im not sure Awill inviteBinvite Cwill be invitedDam invited ( )27(xx江西) You cant wear shoes inside this place Adoesnt allow Bisnt allowed Chasnt allowed Dwasnt allowed ( )28(xx雅安) on both sides of the road next year Awill plantBwill be planted Care going to plantDare planted ( )29(xx十堰) During the Spring Festival，on windows，doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year Aare putBwere put Cputs Dputting ( )30(xx厦门) 【xx黄冈】Claudia, are you going to Jeffs birthday party on Saturday? Unless I _. A. will be invited B. am invitedC. was inviting D. invited 【答案】B 【xx长沙】I am afraid that I cant finish the task suessfully. Dont worry. You _ plenty of time to do it. A. will be given B. giveC. will give 【答案】A 【xx河北】T he pet dog is warm and loving, It _ as a daughter of my family. A. treats B. treated C. is treated D. was treated 【答案】C 【xx河南】When Tim _ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A. was asked B. askedC. was asking D. is asking 【答案】A 【解析】 考查被动语态的用法。本题句意为：当蒂姆他为何迟到时，他仅仅保持缄默。分析句子结构可知，时间状语从句中的主语Tim与动词ask之间构成了逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用被动语态表达；根据主句中的动词kept可知，从句中应用一般过去时态。故选A项。 【xx陕西】E very day, too much water _ in ou r school. We should save it. A. is wastedB. wastesC. was wastedD. wasted 【答案 】A 【xx北京】A new hospital _ in my town next year. A. builds B. built C. is built D. will be built 【答案】D 【xx南京】Were sure that the environment in our city _ greatly through our work in the near future. A. improved B. was improved C. has improved D. will be improved 【答案】D 【xx鄂州】The meeting _ because of the smog in Northern China last week. Oh, its too bad! W e should take action to improve the air quality. A. put outB. was put out C. put offD. was put off 【答案】D 【xx昆明】_ free breakfasts _in all schools in China? No, not yet. Only in the rural areas. A. Are; made B. Do; serve C. Are; servedD. Do; make 【答案】C 【xx湖北咸宁】Food safety is very important. So some rules _ to stop people from polluting food. A. must make B. must be made C. must made D. be made 【答案】B 【xx重庆市B】Keep quiet, please! Talking _ during