初中英语定语从句完整ppt课件

.,定语从句,.,定语从句,概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.,(Attributiveclause),Maryisabeautifulgirl.,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句,.,1.Themanisafarmer.,2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,合并句子:,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.,.,Maryisagirl.,Maryhaslonghair.,合并为一个句子,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,关系代词,which,who,whom,whose,that,.,先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词（通常是名词或代词）关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。,定语从句：,先行词+关系词(that/which/who)+从句,修饰,.,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.,Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.,.,有时可代替whom作宾语,.,who,whom,whose,that用法区别.,who作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,Themanisaworker.,Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,分解,作主语,.,Whom作定语从句的宾语,Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.,Thewomanisateacher.,Theywantedtovisitthewoman.,分解,作宾语,.,whose作定语从句的定语.,Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.,分解,Iknowthegirl.,Thegirlsmotherisateacher.,作定语,.,that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.,Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.,.,下列情况只能用that,1.当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。,eg.TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.,2.当先行词是指物的little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,theone,everything,等不定代词时。,.,that与which的区别,Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.,1.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。,.,E.g:Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,5.先行词为人和物的组合。,E.g:Theytalkedforanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.,.,E.g:Whichofthebooksthatyouborrowedfromthelibraryisthemostinteresting?,6.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which,为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。,.,Ilovetheschool_Ihavestudiedinforthreeyears.（2013湖南衡阳）A.whereB.whenC.that【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是theschool，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，只能选关系词that，即C。,考点例析,.,Whatareyoulookingfor?Imlookingforthering_myhusbandboughtmelastyear.(2012山东滨州)A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词thering指物，观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词，故选A。,考点例析,.,Whatshallwedonext?Taketheadvice_isgivenbyDr.Bloch.(2012福建泉州)A.whoB.whichC.whose【解析】由先行词theadvice可知，应用引导物的关系词，选项B符合。,考点例析,.,Pleasepassmethecartoonbook_hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.(2012天津)A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which【解析】考查which引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为cartoonbook，指物，所以应该用关系词which。,考点例析,.,Itsinterestingthattherearemanypeople_speakFrenchinCanada.(2012四川成都)A.whichB.whereC.who【解析】由先行词people可知，此题考查who引导的定语从句。句意为：“在加拿大有许多人说法语，真是有趣。”,考点例析,.,Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.Soweshoulddosomething_canhelpstopsmoking.(2012广西玉林)A.whatB.whoC./D.that【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是something，根据规则，见到这类不定代词应用that，故选D。,考点例析,.,考点例析,Ivefoundsomepicturesofthemostinterestingplaces_youcanvisitduringthewinterholidays.(2009山东烟台)A.whereB.whichC.whatD.that【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词places在从句中作visit的宾语，且前有最高级修饰，故用关系代词that。,.,单项选择。1.-Doyouknowthegirl_isstandingthere?-Sheismylittlesister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which2.-CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutZhengHe?-Sure.HewasaMingDynastyexplorer_theChinesepeopleareproudof.A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.where,.,3.Thisisthecity_Ivisited10yearsago.A.whereB./C.whoD.why4.ShaolinTemple_liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what5.-Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike？-Ilikemusic_Icansingalongwith.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.why,.,6.Imasportsfan.Iminterestedineverything_isaboutsports.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where7.Wearetalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that,.,8.Ihatepeople_areonlynicetoyouwhentheywantsomething!A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom9.Dontforgettobringthebook_youboughtlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what10.Isthegirl_youtalkedwithjustnownewhere?A.howB.whoC.whoseD.which,.,Exercise,1.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,who/that,which/that,whose,3.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.,2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.,.,11.Thestories_werewrittenbyMarkTwainareoftenhumorous.(2015广州)A.thatB.thoseC.whoD.what12.Wedontlikepeople_talktoomuchbutneverdoanything.(2015克拉玛依)A.whoseB.whoC.whenD.which,.,4.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.,5.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.,which/that,whom,6.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.,which/that,.,7.Isthereanything_youwanttobuyinthetown.,8.All_wecandoistostudyhard.,9.Thefirstone_standsupisalittleboy.,that,that,that,.,修饰人时关系代词that和who,whom的区分。当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。eg.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom。eg.Ihaveason,whoisreallylovelyandinteresting.Thereare40studentsintheclass,mostofwhomareboys.关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。eg.SheisthegirlwhoseEnglishsoundsverybeautiful.Maryhasaverygooddog,whosehairturnsoutwhiteandblack.,.,关系副词when,where,why的用法以及与关系代词的区分。关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词。eg.IwontforgetthetimewhenIgotmarried.Haveyoustillrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogether?Thisistheplacewherewehadagoodtime.IsthisthehousewhereMrSmithlives?Idontknowthereasonwhyhewontjoinus.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidntcometosweeptheclassroom?,.,关系副词when,where和关系代词that,which的区分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when，有时使用that/which。这主要看两点：一是定语从句是否完整；二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子：Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear.Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.Shewontforgetthedaysthatshespentontheisland.Shewontforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether.Thatsthedatewhenwewenttothecollege.Thatsthedatethatshewontforgetforever.Ilikethetimewhenwelivedtogether.Ilikethetimethatwehadtogether.,.,关系副词when,where,why和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。eg.1.Iwontforgetthedatewhen(onwhich)Iwasborn.2