高考英语完形填空解题思路与技巧完整(公开课)ppt课件

.,从江一中英语高考二轮复习专题课,2018.3.21,.,contents：,考纲分析,2.主要特点,3.技巧点拨,6.课堂小结,5.真题演练,4.经典例解,考纲分析,2.主要特点,.,考纲分析,1.高考完形填空词数250左右，选材以记叙文为主，夹叙夹议，设空20个，首句不设空2.文章主题明确，条理清晰，逻辑性强，语言地道，内容颇有教育意义，有助于学生形成正确的情感态度和价值观3.做该类题时间为15分钟，文章难度相当于必修教材,句内层次题：是指空格的答案由空格所在句子决定(容易)句组层次题：是指空格的答案与空格相距不远的一组句子决定(较易)语篇层次题：是指空格的答案与语篇文章的内涵决定(较难),.,1.语境为主，语法极少：2.干扰性强，重细微辨析3.实词为主，虚词为辅4.纵观历年英语高考，会发现有些词和语法点是命题组特别偏爱的，例：名词:voice,customer;形容词:surprise,impossible;副词:immediately,successfully;动词:go,come,annoy,continue等经常出现在选项中，且多为正确5.，四个答案通常各5个，6.文章中出现的词在选项中复现，常为答案,2.主要特点,.,英语完形填空解题步骤,速览全文，把握大意。细读首句，摸清文路。瞻前顾后，准确选择。复核全文，调整答案。,做完形填空必须读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的，可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是信息点。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。,2mins,10mins,2mins,1mins,.,3.技巧点拨,1.首尾句进行预测2.语法分析3.固定搭配4.固定句型5.复现信息6.排除法7.上下文逻辑关系8.背景常识9.对比结构10.平行结构同时多关注熟词新义(已印发),.,1.跳读首尾句进行预测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when,where,who,what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。EvelynGlenniewasthefirstladyofsolopercussioninScotland.Inaninterview,sherecalledhowshebecameapercussionsoloist(打击乐器独奏演员)inspiteofherdisability.本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EvelynGlennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想EvelynGlennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，EvelynGlennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。,4.经典例解,.,_doyousupposeheaskedforthem?A.WhatB.HowC.WhoD.Which演练：_Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury,Iwouldhavehadnojob.A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Since,2.语法分析,【解析】本题中，doyousuppose为插入成分。heaskedforthem是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词How来修饰谓语动词asked，而不能用代词What,Who或Which。,【解析】根据后面的Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导,B,C,.,Theycouldtreadorwrite.Theydidntliketoworkandtheynever_baths.A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered演练：Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwasuselessandwhenIwas14.Hesaid,“Yourenevergoingtobe_butafailure.”A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing,3.固定搭配,【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配takeabath，意为“洗澡”。,【解析】本题考查习语anythingbut，意为“决不”“根本不”，即校长认为我肯定是一个失败的人。,A,A,.,Ihaventhadaphoneinthehouseforthreeweeksnow,anditsseveraldays_Iusedaphonebox.A.asB.whenC.ifD.since演练：Itwasntlong_thepolicecaughtthethief.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.until,4.固定句型,【解析】本题考查的是itssince句型，意为“自从已(多长时间了)”。这句话的意思是“自从我上次打投币电话已经有好几天了”。,【解析】Itwasntlongbefore是常用句型，意为“不久就”。这里说的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。,D,C,.,5.复现信息,Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasntemptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew_,dressedneatly.A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborD.companion,【分析】名词同现，空格前出现了room,furniture,curtains,aTV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。,A,演练：Firstofall,Irespectedhis_toteaching.Becausehislectureswerealwayswell-preparedandclearlydelivered,studentscrowdedintohisclassroom.A.attentionB.introductionC.relationD.Devotion,.,Heputthebooksintothereturnbox.Andafterabrief_inthetoilet,hewouldbeonhiswaytotheplaygroundtomeetEric.A.restB.breakC.walkD.stop,6.排除法,【解析】此题答案为D。人不可能在厕所里休息（rest,break）或是散步（walk），由此排除另外三个选项。,演练：thewomanlookedcarefullyatme_throughherglasses,andthenquestionedmeinalowvoice.A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagain,.,7.上下文逻辑关系充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句，结合语境答题。,Mrs.Blackwouldaskmeformy_.ShewantedtoknowhowIthoughtweshould_things.AtfirstIhadnoideahowtoanswerbecauseIknow_aboutstagedesign!2.A.opinionB.impressionC.informationD.intention4.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything,A,handle,C,.,8.背景常识,After_theBritishflagatthePole,theytookaphotographofthemselvesbeforetheystartedthe950-milejourneyback.A.GrowingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying演练：SalinaJoebeganto_whenshewasone-yearold.A.sayB.CryC.SingD.talk,【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，故答案为C,【解析】根据常识判断，婴儿在一岁的时候应该是开始学说话，而不是学哭或学唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之间选出。又因为say是及物动词，其后面需接宾语，而talk是不及物动词，其后不需要接宾语，故正确答案为D。,.,9.对比结构,Apupilwhocandohishomeworkinaquietand_roomisinamuchbetterpositionthanapupilwhodoeshishomeworkinasmall,noisyroomwiththetelevisionon.A.furnishedB.expensiveC.ComfortableD.suitable,【分析】本题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的asmall,noisyroomwiththetelevisionon存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。,.,10.平行结构,Manypeoplenowthinkthatteachersgivepupilstoomuchhomework.Theysaythatitis_forchildrentoworkathomeintheirfreetime._,theyarguethatmostteachersdonot_planthehomeworktaskstheygivetopupils.51.A.unnecessaryB.uninterestingC.unfortunateD.unimportant52.A.NeverthelessB.howeverC.ThereforeD.Moreover53.A.considerablyB.favorablyC.properlyD.pleasantly,【解析】排比结构由Manypeoplethinkthat.Theysaythat.theyarguethat.所组成。在意义上表现了人们（学生家长）对学生课业负担过重的抱怨。该结构中所设置的三个空格的正确填入，要求考生首先把握结构所体现的“主题”抱怨作业太多。其次，要求考生理解三句之间在表达意义上的递进关系。即：作业过多“toomuchhomework”；所以，课余学生在家做作业是没必要的“unnecessary”；不仅如此，教师对作业的设计也不合适“notproperly”。故答案分别为A、D、C。,.,11.熟词新义1.三维设计(63页)Ihadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay,andforweeksmymotherhadpracticedmy_withme.A.PointsB.filmsC.linesD.actions2.三维设计(75页)At18shemarriedand_afamily.A.inventedB.selectedC.offeredD.started3.三维设计(81页)Allthat_tohimwastoaccomplishthetaskofactivityathandtothebestofhisability,feelingtheexperienceofrunningfullyandfreely.A.HappenedB.caredC.matteredD.related三维设计(140页)4.Shetoldhimtobringtheirbsonandher_setofcarkeys,becauseherkeyswereinthestolenpurse.A.ownB.otherC.restD.spare5.三维设计(158页)Ifamotheristhecementthatholdsafamilytogether,thenthefatheris_thatstrengthensthatcementA.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing,(台词),(组建，创建）,(要紧的，重要的）,(备用的）,(重要人物）,.,5.真题演练,.,1)IthasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon,Istillremembersomethingthathappenedduringthatvisit.A.andB.forC.butD.as,2)Ifhedidnotknowthem,hewouldgreetthemwithafewwordsabouttheweather,_hedid,hewouldaskabouttheirfamilyandthenB.andsoC.evenifDbutif,Ifhedid,hewould,hedid,hewould,still,.,1)Withherslowandclumsyreactions,shewouldsurely_herteam.holdonB.holdoutC.holdoverD.holdup2)My_racedbackmorethanthirtyyearstothedarkdaysof1941.A.mindsB.memoriesC.thoughtsD.brains,坚持；不挂断,伸出,拖延,阻碍,slowandclumsyreactions,racedback,头脑；智力,记忆,思想；想法,大脑；头脑,.,完形填空三忌：,忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。忌先入为主，一气呵成。做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。,6.课堂小结,.,Thankyou,.,Homework:finishtheclozetestontheexercisepaper.,.,（2015年全国II卷）Inourdiscussionwithpeopleonhoweducationcanhelpthemsucceedinlife,awomanrememberedthefirstmeetingofanintroductory1courseabout20yearsago.Theprofessor2thelecturehall,placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwithdriedbeans(豆),andinvitedthestudentsto3howmanybeansthejarcontained.After4shoutsofwildlywrongguesses,theprofessorsmiledathin,drysmile,announcedthe5answer,andwentonsaying,“Youhavejust6animportantlessonaboutscience.Thatis:Never7yourownsenses.”Twentyyearslater,the8couldguesswhattheprofessorhadinmind.He9himself,perhaps,asinvitinghisstudentstostartanexciting10intoanunknownsworldinvisible（无形的）tothe11,whichcanbediscoveredonlythroughscientific12.Buttheseventeen-year-oldgirlcouldnotacceptoreven13theinvitation.Shewasjust14tounderstandtheworld.Andshe15thatherfirsthandexperiencecouldbethe16.Theprofessor,however,saidthatitwas17.Hewastakingawayheronly18forknowingandwasprovidingherwithnosubstitute（替代）.“Irememberfeelingsmalland19.”Thewomansays,“andIdidtheonlythingIcoulddo.I20thecoursetheafternoon,andIhaventgonene