初中情态动词专项复习.ppt

,语法专项复习,ZhangRuobing,ModalVerbs,概念和特点,易混情态动词辨析,常考点归纳,目录,CONTENTS,具体用法,概念：情态动词是表示情态意义的动词，表示说话人的语气和情态，它不能单独作谓语，必须与实义动词一起构成谓语。特点：情态动词有一定的意义无人称和数的变化。除了ought和have通常不带to，后加动词原形表示说话人的语气或情绪（请求、警告、命令等）,概念和特点,表示能力，“能，会”。表示请求，许可，多用于口语，可与may互换。表推测的否定形式用cant，常用于否定句或疑问句。Eg:Lihuacantbeintheclassroom.Eg:Youcangonow.Eg:Canyouplaybasketball?Eg:IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyearsold.,用法,表许可,表推测,表能力,表过去的能力,表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。表示请求，“许可,可以”。might表示说话更委婉，礼貌。注：表请求,许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回答用mustnt/cant表“不可以，禁止”,不用maynot“可能不”。表示祝愿。Eg:Mayyousucceed!Eg:-MayIsmokeinthisroom?-Yes,youmay.-No,you_.Eg:Hemaycometomorrow.,表祝愿,表可能,表许可,cant/mustnt,用于第一、三人称表示征求意见，询问。表示说话人的态度，“命令，警告，允诺，威胁”。should表示劝告，建议，“应该”。Eg:ShallI/weopenthewindow?Eg:Youshallfinishyourhomeworkfirst.Eg:Youshouldlistentoyourteacher.,表征求意见,表说话人的态度,表劝告,用于第二人称表示询问，请求。表示意愿，决定，允诺，用于各种人称。would表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。Eg:Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?Eg:Willyoulendmethebook?Eg:Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou.,表委婉询问,表询问请求,表意愿,表示“必须，应该”。表示推测，肯定句中，表“一定”。mustnt表示禁止，“不允许”Eg:Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.It_beJim.以must开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定回答用neednt/donthaveto,表示“不需要，不必”。,must,-Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?-Yes,youmust.-No,you_.,neednt/donthaveto,情态动词：+do,用need提问或回答，肯定句回答用must,否定句回答用neednt.Eg:NeedIcometoschooltomorrow？实义动词：+todo,需要做某事，用助动词提问和否定。+doing表示被动=sth.needtobedone.需要做某事,Eg:Myclothesneedwashing.=Myclothesneedtobewashed.Ineedtowashmyclothes.,Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.,must,1)must必须,表示说话人的主观看法。,易混辨析,2)haveto不得不，表示客观需要。,Imustcleantheroombecausetherearetoodirty.Ihavetoleaveschoolbecausemyfamilyispoornow.,（无人强迫）,（无耐）,表示推测、可能性,might-may-must也许、可能、一定1Hemightbeverybusynow.2Hemaybeverybusynow.3.Hemustbeverybusynow.,辨析,1.YoureTomsgoodfriend,soyou_knowwhathelikesbest.2.-AreyougoingtoBeijingbyplane?-Iamnotsure.I_takeatrain.,must,may,可能性递增,hadbetterdo最好做某事否定：hadbetternotdoEg:Youhadbetterstayathome.beableto与can表示能力时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有能力成功做某事。Eg:Wewillbeabletocomebacknextweek.,辨析,hadbetter,beableto&can,情态动词开头的疑问句的答语,考点,Yes,youmay.,No,youmustnt.No,youcant.,No,youneednt.No,youdonthaveto.,No,youneednt/donthaveto.,常见情态动词的否定用法,考点,cant,mustnt,shouldnt,表示推测意为“不可能”,意为“一定不要，不允许”,意为“不应该”,常见情态动词的否定用法,考点,neednt,hadbetternot,MustIfinshmyhomeworknow?No,youneednt.,Youhadbetternotsmokebecauseitshadforyourhealth.,Sayings,Friendsmustpart.Acatmaylookataking.Biteoffmorethanonecanchew.,天下无不散的宴席。,猫也有权晋见国王。,贪多咽不下。/贪多嚼不烂。,1.-_youspeakJapanese?-No,Icant.A.CanB.MustC.MayD.Should2.You_stopwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need3.LiLeicantgohikingwithustoday.Becausehe_takecareofhissickmother.A.hastoB.mayC.mustntD.needt,A,C,A,TimeforPractice,4.Thelightintheofficeisoff.Theteacher_betherenow.A.mayB.cantC.mustntD.must5.Hisparentsboughthimalargehouse.It_beveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.mustntD.cant,B,A,6.-MustItakethekeyboardtotheofficenow?-No,you_.Youcandoitlater.A.mustntB.cantC.dontD.neednt7.-MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?-No,you_.Youmustreadithere.A.maynotB.donthavetoC.mustntD.neednt,D,C,8.-Howisyourfriendscoming?-Imnotsure.He_drivehere.A.mayB.canC.mustD.Will9.-ShallItellBobthenews?-No,you_,Ivetoldhimalready.A.shouldntB.wouldntC.mustntD.neednt10.Wedbetter_athome.A.stayB.stayingC.tostayD.stayed11.youtellmewheretheMarketis?A.WouldB.MustC.ShouldD.Have,A,D,A,A,A,Summary,