汉英翻译2费下载.ppt

6/3/2020,1,TheShiftofTranslatingUnitsinC-ETranslation:Modifiers(Adverb/Adjective),Cross-lingualunitshifts:Same-layeredshiftCross-layeredshift,6/3/2020,2,1.SemanticallyorientedverbornounmodifiersandtheirsyntacticdislocationinChinese,6/3/2020,3,1.1Degreeofdependenceoflinguisticunits:,Noun:self-containedVerb:valencyModifier(adjective/adverb):modified(noun/verb),6/3/2020,4,OrientationandPositionPrinciple,Semanticallyverb-orientedmodifierislocatedinthevicinityofthemodifiedverbwhilesemanticallynoun-orientedmodifierislocatedinthevicinityofthemodifiednoun.,6/3/2020,5,1.2MismatchesofsemanticorientationandsyntacticpositionofmodifiersinChinese,(1)他早早地炸了盘花生米。(Hefriedadishofpeanutsatanearlytime)(2)他炸了一盘脆脆的花生。(Hehasfriedadishofcrispypeanuts.)他脆脆地炸了一盘花生。(Hecrispilyfriedadishofpeanuts.)(3)他喝了一杯猛酒。(Hehasdownedacupofrapidalcohol.)他猛喝了一杯酒。(Hehasrapidlydownedacupofalcohol.)陈述内容要点,6/3/2020,6,1.2MotivationsforthedislocationofmodifierinChinese,a.Perpetuityandtemporariness.(a)狡猾的敌人逃跑了。(b)敌人狡猾地逃跑了。b.Intentionalityandunintentionality.(a)孩子在沙滩上挖了一个深深的洞。(b)孩子在沙滩上深深地挖了一个洞。(fromZhangGuoxian,2005:23）c.Subjectivityandobjectivity.(a)主人沏了一杯浓浓的咖啡。(b)主人浓浓地沏了一杯咖啡。(fromZhangGuoxian,2005:23),6/3/2020,7,2.Thesame-layeredshift,2.1Adverb-to-adverbshift围在短墙外看光景的孩子们都哈哈大笑。(莫言红高粱),6/3/2020,8,Somekidssprawledatopthewallhootedgleefully.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,9,父亲前边那个人吭吭地咳嗽起来。(莫言红高粱),6/3/2020,10,ThemaninfrontofFathercoughedloudly.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,11,王文义欢欢喜喜地跺着脚，不知转到哪里去了。(莫言红高粱),6/3/2020,12,WangWenyistompeddownjoyfully,butwhereheintendedtofacewasanyonesguess.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,13,他极不情愿地把骡子缰绳交给了一个烂眼圈的老头子。(莫言红高粱)festering,6/3/2020,14,Hereluctantlyhandedthemulesovertoanoldgeezerwithfesteringeyes.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,15,2.2.Theadverb-to-adjectiveshift,父亲应了，余司令就牵着他的手走。王文义哼哼唧唧地跟在后边。(莫言红高粱),6/3/2020,16,Fatheranswered,andCommanderYuwalkedoffholdinghimbyhand,followedbythewhimperingWangWenyi.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,17,骡子愤怒起蹄，(明亮的蹄铁趵起泥土，溅了伪军一脸。)(莫言红高粱)hoof,6/3/2020,18,Theangeredanimalpaweditsgroundwithitsrearhooves,itsmetalshoesglintinginthemudthatsprayedthesoldierintheface.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,19,日本兵愕然止步。(莫言红高粱),6/3/2020,20,ThestartledJapanesesoldierfroze.(translatedbyHowardGoldblatt),6/3/2020,21,由于丁问渔连续两天都是魂不附体地出现在任府，大家以怀旧的心情，开始大谈丁问渔。(叶兆言1937年的爱情),6/3/2020,22,Becauseforthelasttwodaysinarow,DingsolddistraughtselfhadappearedattheRencompound,everyonestartedtalkingabouthimwithafeelingofnostalgia.(trans.byMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,23,父亲感到公路就要到了，他的眼前昏昏黄黄地晃动着路的影子。(莫言红高粱)Pale-yellow,6/3/2020,24,Fathersensedthatthehighwaywasjustahead,itspale-yellowoutlineswayinginfrontofhim.(trans.byH.Goldblatt),6/3/2020,25,我这会却又不饿了，一点胃口都没有，什么也吃不下，只是一小口一小口地喝咖啡。这杯咖啡里有股化学味道，像在喝家具亮光剂。(卫慧上海宝贝)Furniturepolish,6/3/2020,26,Suddenly,Ihadnoappetiteatall.Icouldnteatanythingandjustsippedafewmouthfulsofcoffee,whichhadachemicaltaste,likefurniturepolish.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,27,3.Cross-layeredshift,3.1Modifier-to-verbblendingshift雨媛注意到有人从馆子里东倒西歪地走出来，(1937年的爱情),6/3/2020,28,Astheycasuallychatted,Yuyuannoticedamanwhostaggeredoutoftherestaurant(trans.byM.Berry),6/3/2020,29,一个工人模样的中国人，用手中持着的紫红色的藤条，轻轻戳戳罗汉大爷的头，说(莫言红高粱)rattan,6/3/2020,30,WhereaChineseoverseertappedhimontheheadwithapurplishrattanwhipandsaid,6/3/2020,31,我筋疲力尽地从床上爬起来时阳光已照彻屋内。(王朔玩得就是心跳),6/3/2020,32,Longafterthesunsrayshadfilledtheroom,Idraggedmyselfweaklyoutofbed.(trans.byH.Golblatt),6/3/2020,33,手机的效果也不十分好，听上去像在沙沙地下冷雨。(卫慧上海宝贝)connection,6/3/2020,34,Andbecausetheconnectionwasntverygood,itsoundedasifcoldrainwaspitter-patteringinthebackground.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,35,3.2Modifier-to-non-predicateverbshift,他顶着一头金发，高高地站在我面前，(卫慧上海宝贝),6/3/2020,36,IsawMark,withhisgoldencrown,toweringinfrontofme.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,37,有几个人在大声划拳，(1937年的爱情)MakeahubbubPlayafinger-guessgame,6/3/2020,38,Therewereafewpeoplemakingahubbubastheyplayedfinger-guessinggamesovertheirale.(translatedbyMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,39,在另一个房间里，在一堆器械中我看到我的表姐在汗涔涔地跑步。(卫慧上海宝贝),6/3/2020,40,InanotherroomIfoundmycousinamidamassofequipment,sweatingheavilyashejoggedonthetreadmill.(translatedbyBruceHumes),6/3/2020,41,黄酒从他嗓子眼里流了进去，暖融融地流了进去，(余华许三观卖血记),6/3/2020,42,Thewinefloweddownhisthroat,warminghisinsidesasitwent,(trans.byMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,43,她咬牙切齿地将客厅里的花瓶摔在地上，然后又去撕挂在墙上的一幅山水画。(叶兆言1937年的爱情),6/3/2020,44,Grittingherteeth,shesmashedaflowervaseontothefloorinthelivingroomandtoreupalandscapepaintinghangingonthewall.(trans.byM.Berry),6/3/2020,45,3.3Modifier-to-predicatelift,丁问渔忘乎所以地说着。(1937年的爱情),6/3/2020,46,DingWenyugotcompletelycarriedaway.(translatedbyMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,47,当女儿发泄完了她的仇恨以后，张氏叹着气说，女儿这么做也许是对的，(1937年的爱情),6/3/2020,48,Onceherdaughterbegantocalmdownabit,Mrs.Zhangsighed;sheknewthatLittleMoonwasright.(translatedbyMichaelBerry),6/3/2020,49,4.Thepragmaticeffectsofre-matchesinsemantic-syntacticrelationshipofmodifiersinC-Elanguage,Noun:ReferenceVerb:PredicationAdjective:Modification“Modificationappearstobelargelyanaccessoryfunctiontoreferenceandpredication:restrictivemodificationhelpsfixtheidentityofwhatoneistalkingabout(reference)bynarrowingthedescription,whilenonrestrictivemodificationprovidesasecondarycomment(predication)ontheheadthatitmodifies,inadditiontothemainpredication.”(Croft,1991:51-52),6/3/2020,50,5.Adependence-theoryaccountforsemantic-syntacticcorrelationinC-Etranslation,4.1AutonomyanddependenceHighdependenceofmodifierrendersitselfmoresusceptibletosemantic-syntacticinconsistence.4.2PragmaticandsemanticconcernsIntheprocessofconstructingasententialdiscourse,thespeakerismuchmoreconcernedaboutthepragmaticeffectsofthesentencetobecreated.Forthepositionalshiftofamodifier,thesepragmaticconcernsareconcretizedasthreepairsofpracticalfunctions:perpetuityandtemporariness,intentionalityandunintentionality,subjectivityandobjectivity.Fortheuttereroftheoriginalsentence,pragmaticconcernshavemoresaythansemanticorsyntacticones.4.3SpeakerandtranslatorThetranslatorofasentenceismoreconcernedaboutthesemanticvaluesthanthepragmaticones.Heorshecanshiftthepositionofamodifiertotheperipheryofitssemanticallyorientedascloseraspossibleevenatthecostofsyntacticorpragmaticequivalencewiththeoriginal.Intranslation,semanticconcernshavemoretosaythanpragmaticorsyntacticconcerns.Thisistheveryreasonwhythesyntacticpositionalshiftsintranslationaremotivatedindifferentwaysfromthoseintheoriginalconstructionofthesentence.4.4ChineseandEnglishChineseismoreflexibleinverbalizingpragmaticmotivationsthanEnglish.,6/3/2020,51,6.Conclusion,ForChinese,thereisflexibilityintheadaptingofsyntacticlocationformodifiertomeettherequirementofpragmaticmotivation.ButinC-Etranslation,semanticconcernsprevailoverpragmaticmotivationsbyre-shiftingmodifiersbackintothevicinityofthemodifieditissemanticallyorientedto.,6/3/2020,52,ParagraphTranslation,北方的冬天来得早。这天，晚饭后爸爸说到对面楼里去会棋友杀两盘。元元临近期末，功课紧，作业多，他在这个温暖、宁静的小屋里，埋在作业堆中。不知不觉夜渐深了，他的作业也才做完。这时他精神松弛下来，突然隐约听到窗外的咳嗽声，他凭窗望去，外边早已纷纷扬扬下起鹅毛大雪，雪中一个穿着棉大衣，戴着大口罩的人，周身皆白，成了雪人啦！他像一下子被电着了，受到极大的震撼，立刻泪流满面地跑了出去，大声呼喊：“爸爸呀，爸爸”话未出口竟止不住呜咽起来。（许行白雪雕像）,6/3/2020,53,北方的冬天来得早。这天，晚饭后爸爸说到对面楼里去会棋友杀两盘。,6/3/2020,54,北方的冬天来得早。这天，晚饭后爸爸说到对面楼里去会棋友杀两盘。Wintercomesearlyinthenorth.Aftersupperoneday,papasaidhewouldgotothebuildingacrosstoplayacoupleofgameswithhischesspals.,6/3/2020,55,元元临近期末，功课紧，作业多，他在这个温暖、宁静的小屋里，埋在作业堆中。,6/3/2020,56,元元临近期末，功课紧，作业多，他在这个温暖、宁静的小屋里，埋在作业堆中。Sincethesemesterendwasdrawingnear,Yuanyuanhadatightcurriculumandpilesofhomework.Inhislittlecozyroom,hewasburiedinhomeworkinsilence.,6/3/2020,57,不知不觉夜渐深了，他的作业也才做完。,6/3/2020,58,不知不觉夜渐深了，他的作业也才做完。Notuntil