中译英技巧-隐喻翻译.ppt

第二十章,汉语隐喻的翻译,alistofthemostcommonsourcedomainsinEnglish.,TheStrategiesofTranslatingMetaphorsbetweenEnglishandChinese,Dynamicequivalenceisanimportantguideintheprocessoftranslatingmetaphor.Metaphorisculture-specificbecauseofdifferentphysicalenvironment,history，custom,etc.Therearegreatdifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncultures.,Intherealityoftranslationthereisnosinglestrategythatgovernsallthepracticeoftranslation,1.Whenthemetaphorissimilarinstructureandtheimagesorsourcesinvolvedsharethesamecommonground,thenliteraltranslationshouldbeadopted.,“他是一头披着羊皮的狼。”Heisawolfinsheepsclothing“这种想法是他胸中的一团烈火”thethoughtwasfireinhim,Happinessisaperfumeyoucantpouronotherswithoutgettingafewdropsonyourself.“幸福是香水，当你把它洒向别人时，自己身上也会留有余香.”Lifeisnobriefcandletome.生命于我不是一只短短的蜡烛,AslongasimagesareacceptableandintelligibleinChinese,translatingtheseimagesliterallyintoChinesecanretaintheflavorofforeigncountryabsorbnewwaysofexpressionbroadenpeoplesmindaboutforeigncultures,3)鱼像海军陆战队，己登陆了好几天:肉像潜水艇士兵，会长时期伏在水里。ThefishwasliketheMarineCorps.Itapparentlyhadalreadybeenonlandforseveraldays;themeatwaslikesubmarinesailors,havingbeensubmergedinwaterforalongtime.,6)有人叫她“熟食铺子”(charcuterie)，因为只有熟食店会把那些颜色暖热的肉公开陈列，又有人叫她“真理”，因为据说“真理是赤裸裸的”。鲍小姐并未一丝不挂，所以他们叫她“局部真理”。(2005:5),Somecalledheracharcuterie-ashopsellingcookedmeats-becauseonlysuchawouldhavesomuchwarm-coloredfleshonpublicdisplay.Otherscalledheritissaidthatisnaked.ButMissPaowasntexactlywithoutastitchon,sotheyrevisedhernametopartialtruth.(2003:7),8)出洋好比出痘子，出痞子，非出不可。小孩子出过瘩痘，就可以安全长大，以后碰见这两种毛病，不怕传染。我们出过洋，也算了了一桩心愿，灵魂健全，见了博士硕士们这些微生物，有抵抗力来自卫。(2005:75),Itslikehavingsmallpoxormeasles,orinotherwords,itsessentialtohavethem.Onceachildhashadthesmallpoxormeasles,hecangrowupprotected,andifhecomesincontactwiththesediseaselateron,hehasnofearofthem,oncewehavestudiedabroad,wevegottentheinferioritycomplexoutofsystem,andoursoulbecomestrengthened,andwhenwedocomeacrosssuchgermsasPh.D.sorM.A.swevebuiltuparesistanceagainstthem.(2003:77),2.WhenthemetaphorisdissimilarinstructureorduetoculturalfactorstheimagesintheSLmaybedifficulttobeunderstoodintheTLormayarousedifferentassociatedmeaning.Thenfreetranslationisadoptedtoachieveeffectivetranslationandcommunication.,tosetafoxtokeeponesgeese引狼入室tocryupwineandsellvinegar挂羊头，买狗肉.amountainofwaves滔天巨浪,Itisregrettablethatourappealremainedadeadletter.遗憾的是，我们当时的呼吁石沉大海.山中无老虎,猴子称霸王。译文:Amongtheblindtheone-eyedmanisking.,Maybethereissomechemistrybetweenusthatdoesntmix.”“也许我们之间有些化学物质永远不相容。”awkward,unnaturalandintelligible“在某些反面，我们无法达成一致.”Thoughtheimagewaslost,thesensewastransmitted.,在某些方面我们水火不容。OrusinganimagewhichisfamiliarwiththeChineseasasubstituteisanalternativestrategy.Thiskindofassimilationmaylosecultureflavorintherendering,butitisaneffectivewaytogetthemeaningunderstood.,我半世的辛苦，全是替他们做马牛。Ivebeenslavingalltheseyearsjusttomakemoneyforthem.咱穷人，土地就是根本，没有土地，就站不住脚跟呀！Landisvitaltopoorfolklikeus.Withoutland,wearedonefor!太阳这么高了，大姑奶奶怎么还不露面？Itssolatenow,whyhasntmynieceshownup.,3.Whenthemetaphorissimilarinpartbutmaycauseambiguityiftranslatedliterally,thetwostrategiesmaybeflexiblycombined.Themostcommonwayistotranslatethemetaphorliterally,andthencompensatethemeaningorsupplementthemeaningbyfreetranslation,orfollowedbyaninterpretationofthemetaphor.,例7:此时鲁小姐卸了装,换几件雅淡衣服,遽公孙举目细看,真有沉鱼落雁之容,闭月羞花之貌。(吴敬梓,儒林外史)Bythistime,MissLuhadchangedoutofherceremonialdressintoanordinarygown,andthenZhulookedatherclosely,hesawherbeautywouldputtheflowerstoshame.,9:心较比干多一窍,病如西子胜三分。译文:Shelooked