初中英语八种时态超好讲解

动词的时态,初中英语语法（1）,MissWu,英语词类：1、名词：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy,morning,bag,ball,class,2、代词：主要用来代替名词。如：who,she,you,it.3、形容词：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good,right,white,orange.4、数词：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one,two,three,first,second,third,fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am,is,are,have,see,.6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now,very,here,often7、冠词(art.)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a,an,the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in,on,from,above,.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and,but,before.10、感叹词(interj.)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh,well,hi,hello.,1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：ImMissGreen.2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jackcleanstheroom.3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：MynameisPingping。,4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：Hecanspelltheword.有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：Hewrotemealetter.有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：Hewrotealettertome.,动词的种类,种类,1.系动词,2.助动词,3.情态动词,4.实义动词,注：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如：Wearehavingameeting（having是实义动词）HehasgonetoNewYork.（has是助动词。）3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类：1.及物动词（vt.）2.不及物动词（vi.）,5.Be动词,一、按词义和句中的作用，动词可以分为四类,二、按动词的形式可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词,1、谓语动词(如下),与主语在人称一致,与主语在人称一致,表示动作发生的时间,主语是动作的发生者或者承受者,说话人表达事实、要求、愿望等,Iamreadingnow.第一人称,Hewriteswell.第三人称单数,Hewrotealettertomelastmonth.过去时态,WestudyEnglish.主动Theroadwasfilledwithrubbish.被动,HehasflowntoAmerica.事实IwishIcouldflytothemoonsomeday.愿望,2、非谓语动词,5.9非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。1）不定式:时态语态主动被动一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone2）动名词:时态语态主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone3）分词:时态语态主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone否定形式：not+不定式，not+动名词，not+现在分词,be动词的几种形式,Am,is,arewas,werebeingbeen,be动词,助动词的几种形式,do/dont/（现）does/doesnt（第三）did/didntwill/wonthave,havent（现）has,hasnt（第三）hadhadnt（过）,助动词,助动词的用法,对句子进行否定和疑问Doyougetupearlyeveryday?Ididnt（没）havelunchyesterday.Willyoubebacksoon?Hehasnt（没）finishedtheworkyet.在反意疑问句中Heworksinaschool,doesnthe?Shehasneverbeenthere,hasshe?在倒装句中Theyhelpedthefarmers,sodidwe.Iwontvisitthefamoussinger,neitherwillhe.,5.2什么是助动词1）协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（AuxiliaryVerb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（MainVerb）。助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：HedoesntlikeEnglish.（doesnt是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义)2）助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：表示时态，例如：Heissinging.Hehasgotmarried.表示语态，例如：HewassenttoEngland.构成疑问句，例如：Doyoulikecollegelife?DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?与否定副词not合用，例如：Idontlikehim.加强语气，Docometothepartytomorrowevening.Hedidknowthat.3）最常用的助动词有：be,have,do,shall,will,should,would,5.3助动词be的用法1）be+现在分词，构成进行时态，例如：Theyarehavingameeting.Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.2)be+过去分词，构成被动语态ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.Englishistaughtthroughouttheworld.3）be+动词不定式，a.表示最近、未来的计划或安排，例如：HeistogotoNewYorknextweek.Wearetoteachthefreshpersons.说明：这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。b.表示命令，Youaretoexplainthis.Heistocometotheofficethisafternoon.c.征求意见，HowamItoanswerhim?Whoistogothere?d.表示相约、商定Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatseventomorrow,5.5助动词do的用法1）构成一般疑问句.DoyouwanttopasstheCET?DidyoustudyGerman?你们学过德语吗？2）do+not构成否定句Idonotwanttobecriticized.Hedoesntliketostudy.Inthepast,manystudentsdidnotknowtheimportanceofEnglish.3)构成否定祈使句，Dontgothere.不要去那里。Dontbesoabsent-minded.这么心不在焉。说明：构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气，例如：Docometomybirthdayparty.Ididgothere.Idomissyou.我确实想你。,5）用于倒装句，例如：NeverdidIhearofsuchathing.OnlywhenwebeginourcollegelifedowerealizetheimportanceofEnglish.说明：引导此类倒装句的副词有never,seldom,rarely,little,only,so,well等。6）用作代动词，例如：-DoyoulikeBeijing?-你喜欢北京吗？-Yes,Ido.-是的，喜欢。（do用作代动词，代替likeBeijing.）Heknowshowtodriveacar,doesnthe?他知道如何开车，对吧？,特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does+主语+v.+其他？e.g.Whatdoyouwant?(she)Whatdoesshewant?Whattimedoyouhavelunch?Whattimedoesshehavelunch?Whatdoyoudo?Whatdoesshedo?Howdoyouspellit?(he)Howdoeshespellit?HowdoyoulikeChinesefood?HowdoeshelikeChinesefood?Howmanytomatoesdoyouwant?Howmanytomatoesdoeshewant?Howdoyougotowork?(yourfather)Howdoesyourfathergotowork?,5.7助动词should,would的用法1）should无词义，只是shall的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，只用于第一人称，例如：ItelephonedhimyesterdaytoaskwhatIshoulddonextweek.比较：WhatshallIdonextweek?Iasked.（可以说，shall变成间接引语时，变成should。）2）would也无词义，是will的过去形式，与动词原形构成过去将来时，用于第二、第三人称，例如：Hesaidhewouldcome.比较：Iwillgo,hesaid.他说：我要去那儿。变成间接引语，就成了：Hesaidhewouldcome.原来的will变成would，go变成了come.。,5.6助动词shall和will的用法shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时，例如：IshallstudyharderatEnglish.HewillgotoShanghai.说明：在过去的语法中，语法学家说shall用于第一人称，will只用于第二、第三人称。现在，尤其是在口语中，will常用于第一人称，但shall只用于第一人称，如用于第二、第三人称，就失去助动词的意义，已变为情态动词，试比较:Heshallcome.（shall有命令的意味。）Hewillcome.（will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。）,5.4助动词have的用法1）have+过去分词，构成完成时态例如：HehasleftforLondon2）have+been+现在分词，构成完成进行时IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。3）have+been+过去分词,构成完成式被语态例如：EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.中国教英语已经多年。,情态动词,解释can/could在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换，could比can语气更委婉。CanIhelpyou?Couldyouopenthewindow?在表示有能力作某事时，could是can的过去式。Icanswim.Icouldswimattheageoffive.,第三）,情态动词,1.can/beableto：能够2.may：可以3.must/haveto：不得不4.will：愿意5.shall/oughtto：应该6.had/better：最好7.need：需要8.dare：敢于,情态动词,5)haveto与must的区别：haveto表示客观需要,有人称和数的变化；must表示主观需要，没有人称和数的变化。例：(1)Hemustgonow.(2)Hehastostayathome.(3)I_gohomenow,Ithink.(4)Theweatherisbad.I_stayathome.,must,haveto,系动词,我们所学过的系动词是变成类get，turn，become，make感观动词look，sound，smell，taste，feel似乎类seemappear保持类staykeep系动词只和形容词连用，构成系表结构Ifeelhungry.Thedaygetslongerandlonger.Helookedhappy.,5.1系动词系动词亦称联系动词（LinkVerb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况说明：有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：Hefellillyesterday.（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。）Hefellofftheladder.fell是实义动词，单独作谓语,1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：Heisateacher（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如：Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一个谜。3）表像系动词用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look,例如：Helookstired.他看起来很累。Heseems(tobe)verysad.他看起来很伤心,实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词从其含义来分，动词有实义动词（notionalverb）、连系动词（linkverb）、情态动词（modalverb）和助动词（auxiliaryverb）四类。1）实义动词实义动词有完全的词义，并能独立作谓语动词。如：In1977thePeoplesRepublicofChinacelebratedits28thanniversary.（一九七七年中华人民共和国庆祝建国二十八周年）HelikestogoforalongwalkonSundays.（他喜欢星期日出去作长距离散步）WehaveaTVsetintheclubofour-productionteam.（我们生产队俱乐部有架电视机）,2）连系动词连系动词在句中作谓语动词，后面跟表语。英语连系动词有be（是），seem(似乎)，look（看来），become（变成），get（变得），grow（变得），feel（感到），turn（变得、变成），appear（显得），remain（仍旧是）等。如：Itisnevertoolatetomend.（改过不嫌晚）Itwasaclosegame.（那场球赛比分很接近）Thechildreninthisnurserylookveryhealthy.（这个托儿所的孩子看起来都非常健康）Keepquiet,please!（请安静）Thetaperecorderseemsallright.（这架录音机好象没有毛病）ShebecameamemberoftheCommunistPartyduringtheAnti-JapaneseWar.（她在抗日战争期间入了党）Theproblemremainedunsolveduntillastyear.（问题到去年才解决）,4）感官系动词.感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,例如:Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.Thisflowersmellsverysweet.这朵花闻起来很香5）变化系动词.这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.例如：Hebecamemadafterthat.Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.6）终止系动词:表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turnout,表达证实，变成之意，例如：Therumorprovedfalse.Thesearchproveddifficult.Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了。（turnout表终止性结果）,注：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用不及物动词。例如：Shecandanceandsing.（sing作不及物动词）ShecansingmanyEnglishsong（sing用作及物动词）4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制:限定动词2.非限定动词.例如：Shesingsverywell）（sing受主语she的限制ShewantstolearnEnglishwell.（tolearn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。）,72限定动词和非限定动词从是否被主语所限定来分，动词有限定动词和非限定动词1）限定动词限定动词用作句子的谓语动词，并被主语所限定，有人称和数的变化。如：Heisatractordriver.（他是一个拖拉机手）Wehavefriendsallovertheworld.（我们的朋友遍天下）,2）非限定动词:在句子里都不能单独,作谓语动词，故不被主语所限定，没有人称和数的变化。如：Iampleasedtomeetyou.（我很高兴与你相识）Smokingisharmfultothehealth.（吸烟对身体有害）WearemarchingforwardalongtheroadpointedoutbytheParty.（我们正沿着党指出的道路前进）pointed为分词。,三种非限定动词,非限定动词,1.动词不定式,2.动名词,3.分词,实义动词,做非谓语动词的用法（指出现在谓语动词之后的动词，它受前面谓语动词的限制）动词会有三种形式：原型(do)动名词(doing)不定式(todo),实义动词,用动名词：likedoingenjoydoingfinishdoing介词之后用动名词begoodatdoingwhataboutdoingthankyoufordoing,实义动词,用不定式：wanttododecidetodoplantodowouldliketodolearntodotellsb.(not)todoasksb.(not)todo,5.8短语动词动词加小品词构成的起动词作用的短语叫短语动词。例如：Turnofftheradio.把收音机关上。（turnoff是短语动词）短语动词的构成基本有下列几种：1）动词+副词，如：blackout；2）动词+介词，如：lookinto；3）动词+副词+介词，如：lookforwardto。构成短语动词的副词和介词都统称为小品词,英语动词的五种基本形式及变化规则1,动词的时态结构歌谣,一般现在时，动词用原型；,一般时,单数三人称，动词加“s”。,一般过去时，动词加“ed”。,Iwork.,Heworks.,Iworked.,现在进行时,进行时,例句：Iamworking.,过去进行时,am,is,are,-ing。,was,were,-ing。,例句：Iwasworking.,将来时,一般将来时，,would加原型。,过去将来时，,will加原型。,Iwillwork.,Iwouldwork.,完成时,现在完成时，,have/has加过分。,Ihaveworked.,过去完成时，,had加过分。,Ihadworked.,各种时态的用法,一、一般现在时,1.用法：A.现在经常性的动作或状态B.客观事实和真理。2.标志词:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,everyday/week/month/year/,1.Theboyusually_(get)toschoolearly.,gets,2.Light_(travel)fasterthansound.,travels,一般现在时,动词是第三人称单数时，要加“s”work-works辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry-carries以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加“es”，如wash-washesgo-goesdo-doeshave-has,Exercise,Thetwins_(wash)theclotheseveryday.Sometimeshe_(play)basketballoverthere.Howoften_Sally_(sing)?,wash,plays,1.be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语1.Heisaworker.2.Youarethirteen.3.Theyareintheclassroom.否定句：主语+be+not+表语1.Heisnotaworker.2.Youarentthirteen.3.Theyarentintheclassroom.一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?1.一Isheaworker?一Yes,heis./No,heisnt.2一.Aretheyintheclassroom?Yes,theyare.No,theyarent.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?Whatishe?Howoldareyou?Wherearethey?,二、一般过去时,1.用法：过去的动作或状态。2.标志词：,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,threedaysago,lastnight/week/month,inthepast；justnow=amomentago,点击中考,LiMingdidntunderstandwhatAmericanpeoplesaid,_?(2004北京市中考)A.couldntheB.couldheC.didntheD.didhe,b）动词变化规则规则变化1直接加ed：workworkedlooklookedplayplayed,2以e结尾的单词，直接加d：livelivedhopehopeduseused,3以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：studystudiedcarrycarriedworryworried,4以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoyenjoyedplayplayed5以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stopstoppedplanplanned,动词-ed形式的构成：,moveddied,carriedcried,stoppedplanned,answered,不规则过去分词,gotgotten,wentgone,ateeaten,cutcut,werebeen,diddone,saidsaid,不规则过去分词,tooktaken,swamswum,drankdrunk,putput,hadhad,camecome,sawseen,不规则变化：,make-made-mademay-mightmean-meant-meantmeet-met-metmust-mustpay-paid-paidput-put-putwrite-wrote-writtenwin-won-won,1.Theoldman_twodaysafterhehadbeensenttohospital.A.diedB.woulddieC.haddiedD.hasdied2.OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon_tohisoldways.A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned3.I_myson_adoctor,buthewasntgoodenoughatscience.A.hoped;wouldbecomeB.hadhoped;wouldbecomeC.hadhoped;willbecomeD.hope;willbecome4.I_totakeagoodholidaythisyear,butIwasntabletogetaway.A.hopeB.havehopedC.hadhopedD.hoped5.Helen_herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome,Exercise,Thetwins_(wash)theclothesyesterday.Thedaybeforeyesterdayhe_(play)basketballoverthere._Sally_(sing)twohoursago?,washed,played,三、现在进行时,1.用法：A.现刻动作：目前正在发生的动作。B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。2.标志词：now,Look!Listen!,中考模拟：,-Mike,who_footballintheyard?-Letmegoandsee.（2004顺义）,A.hasplayedB.willplayC.wasplayingD.isplaying,动词-ing形式的构成：,writingtaking,gettingrunningswimming,asking,Exercise,Thetwins_(wash)theclothesnow.Look!He_(play)basketballoverthere.Listen!_Sally_(sing)?,arewashing,isplaying,1.Look!What_thechildren_overthere?,2.Thoseworkers_herethesemonths.A.areworkB.areworkedC.workD.areworking,A.are;doB.are;doingC.is;doD.isdoing,3.-How_you_alongwithyourworkmates?-Verywell.,A.do;getB.will;getC.can;getD.are;getting,4.-MustIwatertheflowersnow?-No,youneednt.Jack_them.,A.iswateringB.wateringC.watersD.iswatered,注意,A.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。,1.-Lucy!Wouldyouliketogivemeahand?-OK.I_.A.willcomeB.comeC.amcomingD.wouldcome,2.-When_you_forToronto?-Tomorrow.,A.do;leaveB.are;leavingC.will;leavingD.shall;leave,Theboy_always_us!(夸赞)A.is;helpingB.does;helpC.can;helpD./;help,B.现在进行时和always连用，表示说话人较强烈的感情色彩。,You_always_thesamemistake!(责备)A.do;makeB.does;makeC.is;makingD.are;making,四、过去进行时,1.用法：过去某时正在进行的动作。2.标志词：atthattime,thistimeyesterday,then,when,1.Father_whenI_yesterdaymorning.A.stillslept,gotupB.wasstillsleeping,gotupC.issleeping,gotupD.sleeps,getup,2.She_applesinhergardenwhenI_toseeheryesterday.A.picked，wentB.waspicking，wentC.picked，wasgoingD.waspicking，wasgoing,五、一般将来时,1.用法：将来的动作或状态。2.结构：willshallbegoingto,3.标志词：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,inthreedays,in(the)future,nextweek/month/term,fromnowon,+V.(原型),（第一人称）,2.标志词：already,just,yet,ever,never,sofar(tillnow/uptonow),recently,inthepast3years,before,since+时间点,for+时间段,4.shall/will/begoingto之间的区别：,1,计划决定要做某事，一般用begoingtodo结构。,shall往往用于第一人称疑问句,will可用于任何人称。,2,will常用于表邀请或命令时以及带有意愿色彩。,3,1.There_twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave,2.Thetwins_tothecinemawiththeirparentstonight.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.aregoD.went,3.-When_wehavethemeeting?-At8.A.areB.shallC.wouldD.will,4.-When_you_forLondon?-Nextweek.A.will;leavingB.are;leavingC.shall;leaveD.have;left,六、过去将来时,1.用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。2.结构：wouldwas/were/goingto,+v.(原型),1.-Whatdidhesayyesterday?-Hesaidhe_toSydneynextweek.A.goesB.willgoC.wouldgoD.aregoing2.-DidyoursonfailhisEnglishexamonceagain?-Yes,buthetoldmehe_hardnextterm.A.studiesB.isstudyingC.willstudyD.wouldstudy,试题：,1.用法：,1,2,七、现在完成时,现在完成时,过去,现在,影响：作业都做完了，我能出去玩会儿吗？,这该死的！我都等了一个小时了，他怎么还不来？,过去的动作对现在的影响。Ihavefinishedmyhomework.,过去的动作持续到现在。Ihavestayedhereforanhour！,Exercise,Thetwins_(wash)theclothesforanhour.He_(play)basketballsincethreeyearsago.Howlong_Sally_(sing)yet?,havewashed,hasplayed,6.现在完成时,（4）注：,上,常见的有:come-be,goout-beout,leave-beaway(from),begin-beon,buy-have,borrow-keep,join-beamember/介词短语,die-bedead,become-be,open(v.)-beopen(adj.)等。,for+时间段since+过去某一时刻,a.*“终止”、“延续”要转换,b.*时间“点”、“段”须分清,3.现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点：共同点：动作都在过去。不同点：和现在有无关系。(与现在有关的过去动作用现在完成，与现在无关的过去动作用一般过去。)4.易错点：,1,2,1,havegoneto+地点,表示“去了某地”。（人已走，尚未回。只用于第三人称。）TheyhavegonetoEurope.(Theyarenothere.),havebeento+地点,表示“去过某地”。（人已回）IhavebeentoEurope.(IamnotinEuropenow.),3,havebeenin+地点+时间段,表示“在/来某地多久”。IhavebeeninEuropeforthreeweeks.(IamnowstillinEurope.),2,5.瞬间动词和延续性动词若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：,1.Thefilmbegan5minutesago.2.Theyleftanhourago.3.Themandiedaweekago.4.Hejoinedtheclub3daysago.5.Theygotmarried10yearsago.6.Hecamehereanhourago.7.Jackgothome2hoursago.8.Mumopenedthedoorjustnow.9.Theygottoknow10yearsago.10.Iborrowedthebookaweekago.11.Iboughtthecarayearago.,Thefilm_for5minutes.They_foranhour.Theman_foraweek.He_theclubfor3days.They_for10years.He_heresinceanhourago.Jack_homefor2hours.Thedoor_openforawhile.They_since10yearsago.I_thebookforaweek.I_thecarsinceayearago.,hasbeenon,havebeenaway,hasbeendead,hasbeenin,havebeenmarried,hasbeen,hasbeen,hasbeen,haveknown,havekept,havehad,1.-Whatanicebike!Howlong_you_it?-Justtwoweeks.(2004北京市中考)A.will;buyB.did;buyC.are;havingD.have;had2.-Howlonghaveyou_here?-Since1997.A.arrivedB.movedC.comeD.lived3.-Icantfindmypen._you_itanywhere?-No.Look!Whatsthatunderyourbook?A.Have;seenB.Do;seeC.Did;seeD.Had;seen4.-Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.-Oh,notatall.I_hereforonlyafewminutes.A.willbeB.wasC.amD.havebeen5.IwontgotoseethefilmbecauseI_theticket.(2002河南)A.lostB.havelostC.willlostD.didntlost,八、过去完成时,1.用法：发生在过去的过去的动作。Theyhadgotmarriedwhenhecameback.,gotmarriedcameback,现在,过去,过去的过去,我来晚了！没希望了！,终于结婚了！好幸福呀！,现在完成时,2.标志词：,bytheendof,bythetime,when+一般过去时,过去完成时是一种相对存在的时态，判定时必须根据上下文找到一个可以作为参照点的过去时间，在此参照点前发生的动作都可以用过去完成时。,注意：,1.We_learning1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinishedD.finish2.Thetrain_whenwegottothestation.A.leavesB.haveleftC.wereleavingD.hadleft3.Bythetimehereturned,hisson_supper.A.cooksB.hadcookedC.hascookedD.wascooking,时态综合试题,1.Sorry,I_tohelpyouatten.Iwasbusyatthemoment.A.wontcomeB.cantcomeC.didntcomeD.shouldntcome2.He_thispenforfiveyears.He_itin1997.A.hasbought,bought.B.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasboughtD.hashad,bought3.She_theflowersinthegardenwhenI_toseeheryesterday.A.watered，wentB.waswatering，wentC.watered，wasgoingD.waswatering，wasgoing4.Idontknowifmyfriend_.Ifhe_,Illletyouknow.A.comes,comesB.comes,willcomeC.willcome,comesD.willcome,willcome5.Johnsaidhe_supper.Hewasquitefull.A.hadhadB.washavingC.hadD.haseaten,6.There_twopartiesnextweek.A.aregoingtobeB.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.willhave7.It_10yearssinceI_here.A.is,comeB.is,havecomeC.was,cameD.is,came8.-Katelikeseatingchocolate.-_.Look,sheiseating.(2003十堰市)A.SoLucydoesB.SodoesLucyC.SotheydoD.Sodothey9.Kate_tobeduntilhermother_back.A.wontgo,comeB.hadntgone,cameC.went,cameD.didntgo,came10.Hisbrother_fromhomeforalongtime.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.leftD.willleave11.-Lucy,_you_yourticket?-Notyet.(2003河北省)A.did;findB.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find,12.-_totheUnitedStates?（2003安徽）-No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.HaveyoubeenB.HaveyougoneC.DidyougoD.Haveyouwent13.Themanwholivedontheislandthoughthe_never_.(2001广州)A.will;foundB.would;befoundC.is;foundB.had;beenfound14.-Idontknowifhisuncle_.-Ithinkhe_ifitdoesntrain.(2003重庆）A.willcome;comesB.willcome;willcomeC.comes;comesD.comes;willcome15.-Lindahadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,_?-No,shegotuptoolate.(2003河北）A.hadsheB.hadntsheC.didsheD.didntshe16.Theflowers_wellifthey_.(2002青