英语考试技巧

1忌不带问题。做阅读理解题时，应先把文章后面所给的考查题浏览一遍，然后带着这些问题进行阅读。边阅读边选出考查表层情况问题的答案，从而提高阅读效果。 2忌草率行事。在设计理解题时，设计者往往在四个选项中设计出一个似是而非的答案。这样答案干扰性特别强，容易迷惑考生。如果在发现一个看似正确答案时就草率定案，往往会掉进设计者设置的“陷阱”里。处理的方法是：对所给四个备选答案进行分析比较，在理解理解阅读材料内容的基础上进行去伪存真，方可选出正确答案。 3忌主观印象。少数阅读不明确题只需根据生活常识就可选出答案，而绝大多数则不然，考生必须按照原文来选定答案。因此，考生在做后一种测试题时，一定要排除自身的生活经验、经历和已有的知识等主观因素的干扰，按照文章实际反映的情况来选择答案。 4忌囫囵定案。所谓囫囵定案是指考生在未完全读懂文章时就匆忙定案，结果往往选错答案。因此，尚未读懂的地方如果时间允许的话，一定要慢速多读几遍，直到读懂时再定答案。 5忌忽略时间。做阅读理解题时，一定要从整体上控制时间，时间分配根据文章的难易程度有别。文中一两处没弄懂的地方可以暂且放置一边，等把全部题做完后，再回头来处理。因为做完题后，你的心情相对放松了往往会产生新的思路、新的灵感。即使做完题后时间所剩无几了，你再把未处理的题猜测一下也不晚，因为你仍然有选对的可能性。总而言之，阅读理解靠的是扎实的语言基础。 俗话说：冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。扎实的语言基础来自平时严格的基本功训练和长期的知识积累。只要平时刻苦用功，打下扎实的英语知识基础，又掌握了较科学的解题方法做“阅读理解”题是不会太难的。老规矩：练练吧。 For many people the subject of hiccups (嗝) is a joke, but for Harry Mendes, a fifteen-year-old schoolboy from Birmingham, it was something quite different.His hiccups began one Sunday lunchtime and continued day and night for two weeks. After the first week, Harrys parents took him to hospital, but it took another week for the doctors to cure his attack.Harry, who is now back at school, described what happened to him. “When I began to hiccup, I drank a glass of water but that didnt do any good. That evening I had hiccups every four seconds. We tried everything to stop them. I held my breath and drank cold drinks. My father even tried to give me a shock but that didnt work either.” After a week of sleepless nights, he went to hospital. The doctors took an X-ray of his chest but they couldnt find anything wrong.“They gave me some medicine and my hiccups slowed down, but it was another week before the medicine worked completely and my hiccups stopped.” Harry was very lucky. The world record holder is the American farmer Charles Osborne, who hiccupped for sixty-eight years. He stopped in 1990 at last, but nobody knows why.1.Harrys hiccups lasted _. A. a week B. fourteen days C. twenty-eight days D. one month 2.His hiccups started after he _. A. drank a glass of water B. went to hospital C. ate an Indian meal D. finished his homework 3.His parents decided to take him to hospital when he _.A. hiccupped for four seconds B. held his breath C. hiccupped at night D. couldnt stop hiccupping 4.His hiccups completely stopped one week after the doctor _. A. gave him some medicine B. took an X-ray of his chest C. gave him a shock D. let him drink cold drinks 5.What does “shock” in this passage mean？ A. 震惊 B. 休克 C. 喷嚏 D. 哈欠 1.通过因果关系猜词 通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词.有时 文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore等等)表示前因后果.例如: You shouldnt have blamed him for that,for it wasnt his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是责备. 2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词 通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星).Mars(火星).Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于行星这一义域.通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all.handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即不英俊.不漂亮的意思. 3.通过构词法猜词 在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些新词汇,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用,此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根.前缀.后缀等语法知识,这些问题便不难解决了. 4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义 例如:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time.Then there is a dry period,or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此可见drought意思为久旱,旱灾.而a dry period和drought是同义语.这种同义或释义关系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折号等来表示. 5.通过句法功能来推测词义 例如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思.从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子. 6.通过描述猜词 描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写.例如:The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类.后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性.再来练一篇，是我的学生的话，冒个泡哦In 1620, about half the USA was covered by forests Today the forests have almost gone A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand China doesnt want to copy the USAs example Were planting more and more trees Weve built the Great Green Wall of trees across northern part of our countryThe Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1,700 kilometres wide It will stop the wind from blowing the earth away It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south More Great Green Walls are needed Trees must be grown all over the world Great Green Walls will make the world better根据短文内容，选择正确答案。1In 1620, about _ the USA was covered by forestsAa third Bhalf Ctwo thirds Da fourth2A lot of good land has gone with _Asand Bwater Cwind Dforests3The Great Green Wall in China is _ longA7,000 kilometers B1,700 kilometers C7,000 meters D400 kilometers4Trees must be grown in _.AChina Bthe USA Csome countries Devery part of the world5_ will make the world betterAThe Great Wall BTall buildings CGreat Green Walls DFlowers and grass(一)直接题目：这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。(二)理解性问题：要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子做出解释。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确答案。(三)推理性题目：这种题目考生往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而需要根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得考虑作者的主旨、倾向等因素加以推理，才能获得正确答案。(四)概括性题目：要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题、主题、结论、结局等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内含的信息。Once Einstein gave a lecture in many places in America His driver always listened to him and knew the lecture so well that he was sure be could give it himself So Einstein agreed that the driver gave the lecture himAs nobody knew Einstein there, the driver gave the lecture for Einstein that evening At first he was a bit afraid, but Einsteins smile made him feel better He gave a good lecture and the people were quite pleasedThen the driver started to leave and Einstein followed him without a word When they got to the door, a man asked the driver a difficult questionThe driver said that the question was very easy, and told the man to ask his driver behind to answer it根据短文内容填空，每空限填一词。Einstein gave the (1) _ lecture again and again His driver (2) _ to his lecture so many times (3) _ he wanted to give it (4) _ When Einstein knew it, he let the driver (5) _ the lecture for him that night The driver gave a (6) _ lecture and the great scientist was quite pleasedWhen they were (7) _ the lecture room, a man asked the driver a question To show (8) _ easy the question was, the driver asked Einstein who followed him (9) _ to answer it (10) _ of himWhy dont you turn on the television? Thats a good idea.What about going to that new restaurant? Thats a good idea.How about a trip to Beijing? Thats a good idea.Youd better not sit on the chair。 It is wet.Thank you for reminding me.请求许可类：May I borrow your notebook after class?No problem.Would you help me with my homework?Yes, of courseMay I leave now?No , you neednt.Do you mind if I turn on the radio? No, please go ahead.提供帮助类：Let me know if you need any help.Thank youLet me help you move the desk.Thank you very muchIf you have any questions, you can come to ask me. Thank youIs there anything I can do for you?-No thank you. Im just looking around.邀请、请求类：Id like to inviter you to my twelfth birthday party.Thank you. I d love to come.Why dont you drop in at my house tomorrow?Id love to .We will hold a party this weekend. Would you join us ?Yes, I am glad to .Would you like to have a tea?No thank you/Yes, please.How do you like your coffee?black/white/ with milk but no sugar/a glass of water will do祝贺赞扬类：Congratulations on your success!Thank you.Its so kind of you to help me with my math.Dont mention it /Thats all right./My pleasure.You are an excellent singer.Thank you.Youve done a good job.Thank you遗憾类：Im afraid I have got a bad cold.Im sorry to hear that.I lost my mobile phone yesterday. Im sorry to hear that.I didnt feel well this morning.Whats wrong with you？Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long. Thats all right.特殊疑问句类：How often.?（问频率）Once a week/Once a monthHow long? （问时间多久）How far?(问距离)How soon?（问多快）about a week.When/Where/Who/What/How many/How much等其他常考典型句型：Make your self at home, please. Thanks, I will.What does look like?It is very beautiful.问路：Excuse me, how can I go to the nearest supermarket?Sorry, Im new here too.打电话:This is Id like to speak to /May I speak to ?Hold on, please.介绍; This is my cousin, Alice. -Hi, Alice.天气类：What was the weather like yesterday? It was sunny.询问意见：What did you think of the film?同意与不同意：I didnt like pop music when I was young. Neither did I1、预测在先 三笔考试在读题前有很多“废话”时间（也就是读题目要求）因此在放音前，要快速浏览问题及选项，做到心中有数，带着问题去听。即使问题不给出，预习选项也有助于答题。一定要变被动为主动。2、抓关键词、主题句。 大家都知道，对话、篇章理解一般都是注重对“5W”“1H”（即what,who, when,where,why; how）的考察。以及转折词(but)篇章结构此（first,second, on the other hand等） 要善于抓住与