Genero-BDL语法PPT课件

GENEROBDL基础课程,学习目标,本课程旨在说明Genero语言发展历程介绍基本语法介绍基本应用以TIPTOPGP为例简单说明语法的应用方式,GeneroBDL架构Compile、link、run画面档(FORM)组成变量及基本指令应用逻辑档(MODULE)组成、开启WINDOWINPUT、DISPLAY的应用指标(CURSOR)的应用数组(ARRAY)的应用,学习大纲,GeneroBDL架构,Overview,Genero发展及特性介绍Genero编译及运行工具,GENEROBDL发展历程图,INFORMIX-i4GL,FourJSBDL,FourJSGeneroBDL,TEXTMode(GUIMode)多种OS平台支持多种DB支持,GUIModeTEXTMode多种OS平台支持多种DB支持,支持Client-Server架构,以XML做为数据传递方式新对象具有简易OO功能,GENEROBDL架构图,Overview,Genero发展及特性介绍Genero编译及运行工具,GENEROBDL程序组成,GENEROBDL程序组成举例,abmi600,abmi600.4fd,abmi600.4gl,画面Form,程序module,程序program,概略区分图,画面文件(FORM)处理流程,*.4fd,*.42f,编译fglform(r.f2),Studio完成,abmi600.4fd,abmi600.42f,r.f2abmi600,模块文件(Module)处理流程,*.4gl,*.42m,编译fglcomp(r.c2),*.42r,连结fgllink(r.l2),运行fglrun(r.r2),*.42f,abmi600.4gl,abmi600.42m,abmi600.42r,abmi600.42m,r.c2abmi600,r.l2abmi600,r.r2abmi600,动态链接库处理流程,*.4gl,*.42m,*.42r,*.4gl,*.42m,将多个会重复用到的42m做预先打包动作,*.42x,再与其它的42m做连结,形成42r以供运行,比方sub.42x,lib.42x,qry.42x,abmi600.42m,画面档(FORM)组成,TitleBar,TopMenu,ToolBar,RingMenu,Page,Table,ScrollBar,FieldDescription,UI名词定义,FORM主要组成,变量与表达式,DefineVariables,格式：DEFINE变量名称变量类型直接定义:DEFINEemployee_noCHAR(10)对应数据库字段:DEFINEp_employee_noLIKEemployee_file.employee_no,VariablesType(字符类型),STRINGObjectMethods,举例子说明,举例子：对于一个STRING的变量aTIPTOPGPa.getLength()=10a.getIndexOf(P,1)=3a.subString(2,4)=IPTa.toUpperCase()=TIPTOPGPa.toLowerCase()=tiptopgpa.trim()=TIPTOPGP,VariablesType(日期类型),VariablesType(数值类型),变量的集合,直接定义:DEFINErecRECORDidINTEGER,nameVARCHAR(100),birthLIKEima_file.ima01ENDRECORD对应数据库字段:DEFINEcustRECORDLIKEcustomer.*,初始化一组变数的值,语法:INITIALIZE变数串行LIKE字段串行|TONULLEx:,DATABASEdsMAINDEFINEcrRECORDLIKEcustomer.*INITIALIZEcr.*TONULLINITIALIZEcr.*LIKEcustomer.*ENDMAIN,变数的赋值,语法:LETvariable=expressionEx:,DATABASEdsMAINDEFINEc1,c2CHAR(10)DEFINEc3INTEGERLETc3=123LETc1=generoLETc2=c3ENDMAIN,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,(逗号),意义:字符串连结,LETcompany=“DC”,“MS”DISPLAYcompany=,companyShow:company=DCMS,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,|,意义:字符串连结，但连结值有一个是NULL，结果就会是NULL,DEFINEi,j,kCHAR(10)LETi=TIPTOPGPLETj=GeneroBDL123456DISPLAYi|j:,i|jDISPLAYi|k:,i|kDISPLAYi,k:,i,kShow:i|j:TIPTOPGPGeneroBDLShow:i|k:Show:i,k:TIPTOPGP,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,strm,n,意义:截取str字符串中的m到n的子字符串,LETi=TIPTOPGPGeneroBDLLETj=i1,9DISPLAYj=,jShow:j=TIPTOPGP,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,a.subString(m,n),DEFINEiSTRINGDEFINEjCHAR(20)LETi=TIPTOPGPGeneroBDLLETj=i.subString(1,9)DISPLAYj=,jShow:j=TIPTOPGP,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,USING,意义:针对数值或日期设置其打印的格式,LETsalary=1000DISPLAYsalaryUSING$#,#Show1:$1,000,USING(设置格式),例子,LETsalary1=-1000LETsalary2=1000DISPLAYsalary1USING“-,-“DISPLAYsalary2USING“+,+Show1:-1,000Show2:+1,000,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,USING,意义:针对数值或日期设置其打印的格式,DISPLAYyyyy-mm-dd:,TODAYUSINGyyyy-mm-ddDISPLAY“YYYYMMDD:,TODAYUSING“YYYYMMDDShow1:yyyy-mm-dd:2004-10-11Show2:YYYYMMDD:20041011,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,CLIPPED,意义:消除尾部空白,LETi=TIPTOPGPLETj=GeneroBDLDISPLAYi&j=,iCLIPPED,jShow:i&j=TIPTOPGPGeneroBDL,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,a.trim(),DEFINEiSTRINGDEFINEjCHAR(12)LETi=TIPTOPGPLETj=GeneroBDLDISPLAYi&j=,i.trim(),j,123“Show:i&j=TIPTOPGPGeneroBDL123trimRight()/trimLeft(),仅针对string类型,字符串表达式,表达式:Ex:,SPACES,意义:输出空白字符串,DEFINEi,jCHAR(10)LETi=TIPTOPGPLETj=GeneroBDLDISPLAYi&j=,i,1,8SPACES,jCLIPPEDShow:i&j=TIPTOPGP1GeneroBDL,变数的生命周期,1.Local变数(LocalVariables)定义位置:定义在Module中的函式里(MAIN,.FUNCTION等)生命周期:只属于该定义的函式使用Module变数(ModuleVariables)定义位置:Module中,但不被任何的函式包围生命周期:为该Module中的共享变数Global变数(GlobalVariables)定义位置:由GLOBALS及ENDGLOBALS所包围的变数生命周期:为所link使用的MODULE的共享变量,DATABASEdsGLOBALSDEFINEg_employeeCHAR(10)ENDGLOBALSDEFINEg_ttyCHAR(32)MAINDEFINEanswerCHAR(1)ENDMAINFUNCTIONins_employee()DEFINEflagCHAR(1),changeSMALLINTENDFUNCTION,GLOBAL变数的有g_employeeMODULE变数的有g_ttyLOCAL变数的有answer、flag、change,DATABASEdsGLOBALSDEFINEg_employeeCHAR(10)ENDGLOBALSDEFINEg_employeeCHAR(1)#编译的时候报错，重复定义变量了DEFINEg_ttyCHAR(32)MAINLETg_tty=tiptopLETg_employee=erpCALLins_employee()#离开FUNCTION之后#这个时候g_tty的值还是tiptop,#g_employee的值还是erpENDMAINFUNCTIONins_employee()DEFINEg_ttySMALLINT#编译不会报错，在这个函数中g_tty是整型的DEFINEg_employeeSMALLINT#编译不报错，同上#这个时候g_tty的值是0，而不是tiptopLETg_tty=32LETg_employee=10ENDFUNCTION,程控流程,指令:语法:Ex:,SLEEPseconds,SLEEP,MAINDISPLAYPleasewait5seconds.SLEEP5DISPLAYThankyou.ENDMAIN,IF,CASEFOR,WHILE,流程控制指令,指令:语法:,IFconditionTHENstatement.ELSEstatement.ENDIF,IF,MAINDEFINEnameCHAR(20)LETname=JohnSmithIFnameMATCHESJohn*THENDISPLAY“Thefirstnamedisplayed.IFnameMATCHES*SmithTHENDISPLAYEventhelastnamedisplayed.ENDIFELSEDISPLAYThenameis,name,.ENDIFENDMAIN,Ex:,指令:语法1:,CASE,CASEexpression-1WHENexpression-2statement|EXITCASE.OTHERWISEstatement|EXITCASE.ENDCASE,MAINDEFINEvCHAR(10)LETv=C1CASEvWHENC1DISPLAYValueisC1WHENC2DISPLAYValueisC2WHENC3DISPLAYValueisC3OTHERWISEDISPLAYUnexpectedvalueENDCASEENDMAIN,Ex:,用IF来表示MAINDEFINEvCHAR(10)LETv=C1IFv=“C1”ORv=“C2”ORv=“C3”THENIFv=“C1”THENDISPLAYValueisC1”ENDIFIFv=“C2”THENDISPLAYValueisC2”ENDIFIFv=“C3”THENDISPLAYValueisC3”ENDIFELSEDISPLAYUnexpectedvalueENDIF,Ex:,指令:语法2:,CASEWHENboolean-expressionstatement|EXITCASE.OTHERWISEstatement|EXITCASE.ENDCASE,CASE,MAINDEFINEvCHAR(10)LETv=C1“CASEWHEN(v=C1ORv=C2)DISPLAYValueiseitherC1orC2WHEN(v=C3ORv=C4)DISPLAYValueiseitherC3orC4OTHERWISEDISPLAYUnexpectedvalueENDCASEENDMAIN,Ex:,MAINDEFINEvCHAR(10)LETv=C1“LETw=C4“CASEWHEN(v=C1ORw=C2)DISPLAYValueiseitherC1orC2WHEN(v=C3ORw=C4)DISPLAYValueiseitherC3orC4OTHERWISEDISPLAYUnexpectedvalueENDCASEENDMAIN,Ex:,指令:语法:,FORcounter=startTOfinishSTEPvaluestatement.ENDFOR,FOR,MAINDEFINEi,i_min,i_maxINTEGERLETi_min=1LETi_max=10FORi=i_minTOi_maxDISPLAYiENDFORFORi=i_maxTOi_minSTEP-1DISPLAYiENDFORENDMAIN,Ex:,指令:语法:,WHILEexpressionstatement.ENDWHILE,WHILE,MAINDEFINEa,bINTEGERLETa=20LETb=1WHILEabDISPLAYa,bLETb=b+1ENDWHILEENDMAIN,Ex:,用FOR表示MAINDEFINEa,bINTEGERLETa=20FORb=1TOa-1STEP1DISPLAYa,bENDFORENDMAIN,Ex:,指令:语法:,CONTINUEFOR|FOREACH|MENU|CONSTRUCT|INPUT|WHILE,CONTINUE,MAINDEFINEiINTEGERLETi=0WHILEi30000l_str=“1=1”(如果用户什么条件也没下),DEFINEl_strVARCHAR(100)CONSTRUCTl_strONemployee,salaryFROMemployee,salaryCONSTRUCTBYNAMEl_strONemployee,salary,PREPARE（申明）,语法：PREPAREprepared_idFROMchar_variable,EX:DEFINEl_sqlSTRINGLETl_sql=SELECT*FROMemployee_file,WHERE,l_strl_sql=“SELECT*FROMemployee_fileWHEREemployee=1000andsalary30000”PREPAREemp_preFROMl_sql,CURSOR,ScrollingCURSOR,说明:通常运用在查询程序，可以随机抓取数据。,1.透过DECLARE定义2.利用OPEN开启该CURSOREX:OPENtest01_cursor3.透过FETCHcursor_nameINTO变数抓取资料,DECLARE,语法:DECLAREcursor_nameSCROLLCURSORWITHHOLDFORsqlstatement,OPEN,OPEN语法：OPENcursor_nameUSING变量名称EX:LETg_sql=SELECT*FROMcta_fileWHEREROWID=?“PREPAREcta_prFROMg_sqlDECLAREcta_clSCROLLCURSORFORcta_prOPENcta_clUSINGl_ata01,FETCH,语法：FETCHNEXT|PREVIOUS|FIRST|LAST|RELATIVEexpr|ABSOLUTEexprcursorNameINTOvariableList,ScrollingCURSOR,LETl_sql=SELECT*FROMemployee_file,WHERE,l_strPREPAREemp_preFROMl_sqlDECLAREemp_cusSCROLLCURSORWITHHOLDFORemp_preOPENemp_cusFETCHfirstemp_cusINTOl_emp.*#抓第一笔CLOSEemp_cus,CURSOR,Non-ScrollingCURSOR,说明:常运用在报表程序，抓取数据的方式是依序(seguential)的方式。,1.PREPARE申明2.透过DECLARE定义3.利用FOREACH指令抓数据,DECLARE,语法:DECLAREcursor_nameCURSORFORsqlstatement,FOREACH,语法：只能用于non_scrollingcursorFOREACHcursor_nameINTO变量名称Statement:CONTINUEFOREACH:EXITFOREACH:ENDFOREACH,Non-ScrollingCURSOR,LETl_sql=SELECT*FROMemployee_file,WHERE,l_strPREPAREemp_preFROMl_sqlDECLAREemp_cusCURSORFORemp_preFOREACHemp_cusINTOl_emp.*#循序抓数据IFl_emp.salary80000THENEXITFOREACHENDIFENDFOREACH,LockingCURSOR,说明:通常运用在Update程序，做数据Lock的动作。,1.透过DECLARE定义2.利用OPEN开启该CURSOREX:OPENcursor_name3.透过FETCHcursor_nameINTO变数抓取资料,LockingCURSOR,LETl_sql=SELECT*FROMemployee_file,WHEREno=?FORUPDATENOWAITPREPAREemp_preFROMl_sqlDECLAREemp_cusCURSORFORemp_preOPENemp_cusUSINGl_noFETCHemp_cusINTOl_emp.*#只抓一笔资料lock,TRANSACTION,语法：将数据先写入暂存区，待资料的INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE均审核没有问题后，再一次写入实体的数据表中存放，此段过程即称为一个TRANSACTION。BEGINWORK:COMMITWORK/ROLLBACKWORK:BEGINWORK后一定要有COMMITWORK或ROLLBACKWORK，否则会影响到系统数据的写入或调用,TRANSACTION,BEGINWORKUPDATEzx_fileWHEREzx01=g_userIFSQLCA.SQLCODETHENLETli_success=FALSEENDIFUPDATEzxy_fileWHEREzxy01=g_userIFSQLCA.SQLCODETHENLETli_success=FALSEENDIFIFli_successTHENCOMMITWORKELSEROLLBACKWORKENDIF,DECLAREemp_cusSCROLLCURSORWITHHOLDFORemp_preBEGINWORKOPENemp_cusFETCHfirstemp_cusINTOl_emp.*#抓第一笔COMMITWORK,WITHHOLD,EXECUTE,语法：系统要运行大量的同一SQL指令时，可以利用EXECUTE指令来增加作业的效能PREPAREprepared_idFROMsql_statementEXECUTEprepared_idUSINGvariableINTOvariablesFREEprepared_idEXECUTE可用在SELECT、UPDATE、INSERT、.DELETE等SQL查询指令,EXECUTE,FUNCTIONupdate_customer_name(key,name)DEFINEkeyINTEGERDEFINEnameCHAR(10)PREPAREs1FROMUPDATEcustomerSETname=?WHEREcustomer_num=?EXECUTEs1USINGname,keyFREEs1ENDFUNCTION,PUTFLUSH,语法：若上述的EXECUTE是要做INSERT的话，还可以有另外一个PUTFLUSH的选择差异处在PUTFLUSH架构不会马上去写入数据库，而是在指定的程序运行点上(FLUSH)、或是结束PUT时才会一次写入实体数据库。PREPAREprepared_idFROMINSERT_statementDECLAREcursor_idWITHHOLDFORprepared_idOPENcursor_idPUTcursor_idFROMvariable_listFLUSHcursor_idCLOSEcursor_idFREEcursor_idFREEprepared_id,PUTFLUSH,PREPAREisFROMINSERTINTOitemVALUES(?,?)DECLAREicCURSORFORisBEGINWORKOPENicFORi=1TO100LETrec.key=iLET=Item#|iPUTicFROMrec.*IFiMOD50=0THENFLUSHicENDIFENDFORCLOSEicCOMMITWORKFREEicFREEis,ARRAY应用,ARRAY,固定数组（StaticArray）定义ARRAYintconst,intconst,intconstOFdatatype动态数组（DynamicArray）定义DYNAMICARRAYWITHDIMENSIONrankOFdatatype,ARRAY,EX:固定数组（StaticArray）MAINDEFINEg_descARRAY3OFCHAR(14)DEFINEg_xARRAY10OFRECORDaCHAR(10),bCHAR(10),cCHAR(10)ENDRECORDENDMAIN,ARRAY,EX:动态数组（DynamicArray）MAINDEFINEg_iDYNAMICARRAYOFINTEGERENDMAIN,DEFINEg_xDYNAMICARRAYWITHDIMENSION2OFRECORDaCHAR(10),bCHAR(10),cCHAR(10)ENDRECORD,DEFINEg_xDYNAMICARRAYOFRECORDaCHAR(10),bCHAR(10),cCHAR(10)ENDRECORD,ObjectMethods,getlength(),EX:MAINDEFINEaDYNAMICARRAYOFINTEGERLETa5000=12456DISPLAYa.getLength()ENDMAINSHOW:5000,clear(),EX:MAINDEFINEaDYNAMICARRAYOFINTEGERLETa10=11DISPLAYBeforeClear:,a.getLength()CALLa.clear()DISPLAYAfterClear:,a.getLength()ENDMAINSHOW:BeforeClear:10AfterClear:0,appendElement(),EX:MAINDEFINEaDYNAMICARRAYOFINTEGERLETa10=10CA