英语语法复习总结-虚拟语气

,TheSubjunctiveMood,Iwish,Iwereastallasyou.,mycomputerwereassmallashis.,Part1,wish（that）sb.,与现在/将来事实相反的情况(用过去式),与过去事实相反的情况（用过去完成式）,bewerebeabletowereableto,2.can/may/willcould/might/would,3.have/hashad,4.do/doesdid,1.was/werehadbeen,2.didhaddone,Iwish,Iwereabirdandcouldflyintheskyandviewthewholecity.,Iwish(that)everyday,weremybirthdayandIcouldhavenicecakestoeat.,Iwish.,IwishIhadstudiedharder.,IwishIhadpassedtheexam.,SubjunctiveMood,1.Iwish(that)Iwereanactor.2.IwishIknewmoreaboutthehistory.3.IwishIhadbeentoFinland.4.Hewishedhisgirlfriendwerethere.5.Shewishedshehadntdoneit.6.Iwishyouwouldstopaskingsuchsillyquestions.,Part2,if,真实条件句（条件状语从句）,虚拟语气,Whatwillyoudoif,itrainstomorrow?,IwillstayathomesurfingontheInternet.,WellhavemusiclessoninsteadofPEintheclassroomifitrainstomorrow.,真实条件句,if用于虚拟语气：对现在事实的假设,if从句一般过去式(be都用were),主句should(would,couldmight)+动词原形,Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereateacher?,IfI_ateacher,I.,were,Ifhewerentaddictedtogames,hewouldmakegreaterprogressinhisstudies.,Whatwouldhappenifhewerenotaddictedtogames?,2.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould,IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwould.,Iwould.,if条件从句haddone,主句should(couldmightwould)+havedone,beendone,if用于虚拟语气：对过去事实的假设,IfI_busylastnight,I_toseethefilmwithyou.,hadnotbeen,wouldhavegone,Ifhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.,wouldnothavehad,haddriven,Ifhe_(notreceive)theinfectedbloodtransfusionthatday,hadnotreceived,he(notinfect)withAIDS.,couldnothavebeeninfected,IfI_(know)yourtelephonenumber,I_(telephone)youalready.,hadknown,wouldhavetelephoned,SubjunctiveMood,SubjunctiveMood,省略if的条件从句的结构,1.Wereshefree.,shewould.,2.WereItodothe.,Iwould.,3.Hadhenotcome,theywouldhave.,4.Shouldhegiveup.,his.wouldbe.,介词without引导的短语代替if引导的条件从句,1.Withoutwater,fishcouldnotlive.,2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.,3.WithoutthePartysleadership,wecouldnotrealize.,混合条件句,如果你过去，你的英语现在,如果昨天他，现在我,要不是那时，你现在,Part3,asif/asthough引导的虚拟语气,asif/asthough+,sb.were.,HelooksatmeasifI.,werefromMars.,sb.haddone,Irememberthewholethingasthough.,Irememberthewholethingasthoughitwereyesterday.,Hetalksasthough,hehadmetthesuperman,hewerethesuperman,SubjunctiveMood,用在状语从句中（一）,1.Shelovestheboyasifshewerehismother.2.Thenecklacemadeofglasslooksasifitwerearealdiamondnecklace.3.Shetalksasthoughshehadknownusforyears.4.Irememberthethingclearlyasifithadhappenedyesterday.,在一个坚持（insist）,两个命令（order,command）,三个建议（suggest,advice,propose）,四个要求（ask,demandrequest,require）等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”，表示建议、要求、命令等。这些词的其他形式，用法相同。,我建议马上动身。,Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.,学生们坚持要多上英语课。,Thestudentsinsistedthatthey(should)havemoreEnglishclasses.,Part4建议、命令、要求类的虚拟语气,SubjunctiveMood,1.Itissuggestedthatweshouldgoswimmingeverydayinsummer.2.ItisrequestedthatsheshouldsinganEnglishsongattheparty.,1.HemadeasuggestionthatweshouldhaveafootballmatchwithClassFour.2.Theyreceivedordersthattheyshouldstartatonce.3.Napoleonhadademandthateachsoldiershouldanswerhisthreequestions.,1.MysuggestionisthatweshouldcarryonanEnglishparty.2.Hisrequestisthatheshouldbeallowedtoaskforleave.3.Herproposalisthatweshouldrestforanhour.,Itsnecessary(natural,important,strange,surprising,better,apity,nowonder)that时，从句谓语的虚拟形式用（should）原形动词.,高中学生掌握一门外语很有必要。,Itisnecessarythatahighschoolstudentshouldmasteraforeignlanguage.,我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。,Itisimportantthatweshouldspeakpolitely.,Part5,SubjunctiveMood,1.ItisnecessarythatweshouldspendanhourlearningEnglisheveryday.2.Itisimportantthatweshouldlearnhard.5.Itisapitythatheshouldtellalie.6.ItisnowonderthatanEnglishmanshouldknowEnglish.7.Itisashamethatoneshouldstealsomethingfromothers.,Part6在itis(high)timethat.句型中的虚拟语气,1.Itistimethatwewenthome.2.Itistimethatyouhandedinyourcomposition.3.Itistimethathewas(were)off.4.Itis(high)timethatwestarted.,Part7用在Ifonly感叹句中,1.Ifonlyhedidntwritesocarelessly!2.Ifonlyshehadarrivedintime.3.Ifonlytherainwouldstop!,SubjunctiveMood,Part8wouldrather后的that从句中的虚拟,1.Wouldyourather(that)shecametoseeme?2.Iwouldratheryoupostedtheletterrightaway.,Part9sothat,inorderthat状语从句中的虚拟语气,1.Hestayedatschoolforafewdayssothathecouldfinis