[英语考试]实用英语第三册b 3 u 1

Cover,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,实用英语,Contents,Unit 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Focus 1 Section 1 :Text: A Detective Story Background Information Warm Up Vocabulary Intensive Reading Exercises: I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII Section 2: Listening and SpeakingFocus 2 Section 1: Text: Sea Serpents Exercises: I , II Language Points Section 2: Practical Writing A Letter of Accusation,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Background information Focus1 Section 1,Focus 1 Section I,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,The detective story, the tale featuring a mystery and/or the commission of a crime, emphasizes the search for a solution. The detective story is distinguished from other forms of fiction by the fact that it is a puzzle. Although a crime usually has been committed, the readers attention is directed to the baffling circumstances surrounding the crime rather than to the event itself. The tales climax is the solution of the puzzle, and what concerns readers most is the logical process in which the investigator follows a series of clues to this solution. Very often the detective solves the mystery by means of deductive reasoning from facts known both to the character and the reader. The first true detective stories were written in the 1840s by American author Edgar Allan Poe. Among Poes large output are five short narratives in which he originated almost every significant principle used by detective story writers for more than a century afterward.Detective stories as a popular form of literature began to flourish after the establishment of regular, paid police forces and their accompanying detective departments. In the late 1880s English author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle created the greatest of all fictional detectives, Sherlock Holmes.,Some Basic Facts about Detective Story,Background Information,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Warm up Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Warm Up,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Do you like reading detective novels? Why or why not? What are the names of your favorite detective films or TV series? Why do you like them?Can you name some famous detectives? What are they famous for?,Vocabulary Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Vocabulary Please go over the key words and expressions of the text before reading,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),一则侦探故事1999年1月7日晚上11点22分，简韦布女士拨通了多伦多警署的电话，报告了一起自杀案件。11点34分，一辆警车停在了韦布女士的房子一幢地处僻静街道的小平房前面，车上下来了两名警察。外面很冷，韦布女士穿着暖和的外套在门口等着他们。她指向右边隔壁的房子，并随警察向那房子的前门走去。,Intensive Reading-Para1 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,1 At 11:22 p.m. on January 7, 1999, Ms. Jane Webb called the Toronto police to report a suicide. At 11:34 a police car pulled up in front of her house, a small bungalow on a very quiet street, and two policemen got out of the car. Ms. Webb was waiting for them at the door, dressed in a warm coat to protect her against the cold. She pointed to the house next door, on her right, and accompanied the policemen to the front door of this house.,Intensive Reading,A Detective Story,Questions About Para. 1(1) When did Ms. Jane Webb call the Toronto police? (2) Where did Ms. Jane Webb live?,She lived in a small bungalow on a very quiet street.,Focus 1 Section I,She called the Toronto police at 11:22 p.m. on January 7, 1999.,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),pull up: to stop the vehicle that you are driving （使）停下e.g. (1) Ton pulled up at the red light and we stopped behind him. 唐看到红灯，停下车，我们停在了他后面。(2) He pulled up his car at the entrance. 他把汽车停在了入口处。,Intensive Reading-Para2 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,2 To the policemens surprise, the door was partly open. They entered the house and Ms. Webb directed the policemen to the study, which was down the corridor, on the right. The door of the study was also open, and they could see a mans body on the floor near the desk. They realized immediately that he was dead. There was a small round hole in his forehead, just above his right eye, and a gun lay on the floor next to his right hand.,令警察感到诧异的是，门半开着。他们走进屋内，韦布女士领警察到位于走廊尽头右边的书房。书房的门也开着，能看到在书桌边有个男子躺在地上。警察马上意识到男子已经死亡。他的额头上有个小圆洞，就在右眼正上方，右手边的地上有一支枪。,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Question About Para. 2(3) Why were the policemen surprised when they arrived?,Because the front door of Mr. James house was partly open.,corridor: n. C a long, narrow passage in a building or a train, with doors that open into rooms on either side走廊，长廊，通道e.g. (1) Room 101 is at the end of the corridor. 101房间在走廊的尽头。(2) She hurried down the corridor. 她沿着长廊匆匆而去。,Intensive Reading-Para 3-4 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,3 The policemen looked around but did not touch anything. They then left the room and told Ms. Webb to follow them outside. One of the policemen told her that she was a vital witness and asked her to stay in the house until someone came to interview her. He then called the homicide division and gave them the address. 4 Inspector Coderre and a team of experts arrived fifteen minutes later to investigate the matter. The investigation began at once and Inspector Coderre checked every room in the house before he was satisfied.,Question About Para. 3(4) Why did the policeman tell Ms. Webb to stay in her house?,警察四处察看，但没有碰任何东西，随后他们离开房间，并让韦布女士随他们一起到了外面。其中一位警察告诉她说，她是本案非常重要的目击证人，并要求她待在家里等有人来向她了解情况。然后他打电话到凶杀科，告诉了他们地址。15分钟后，科德尔探长与一组专家到达案发现场调查此案。侦查马上就展开了，科德尔探长仔细地检查了每一个房间，直到满意为止。,Focus 1 Section I,Because she was a vital witness and was to be interviewed by the police.,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),witness: n. C someone who sees sth. happen and can describe it to other people目击者，见证人；证据，证言e.g. (1) Police have asked witnesses to come forward. 警方请求目击者站出来。(2) One witness claimed to have seen the gun. 一位证人声称见过这枝枪。witness也可作动词，意为“to see sth. happen because you are there when it happens目击，目睹；（为）作证，证明”。e.g. (1) Police have appealed for anyone who witnessed the accident to contact them. 警方呼吁凡是目击这一事故的人都要与他们联系。,Intensive Reading-Para5-6 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,5 It was almost 2:00 a.m. when he finally rang the doorbell at Ms. Webbs home and asked to speak to her. She offered him a cup of coffee, which he gratefully accepted. He sat down at the kitchen table and while the coffee was brewing, she told him what had happened. 6 “I was sitting in this very room, drinking a cup of cocoa like I do every night before I go to bed. Suddenly, the light came on in Mr. James study and through the window I saw him enter the room and walk over to his desk. Look! You can see the study from here and you can see everything that is happening inside.”,将近凌晨2点时，他按响了韦布女士家的门铃，要求和她谈谈。韦布女士请他喝杯咖啡，他感激地接受了。他在厨房的桌子边坐了下来。韦布女士一边煮咖啡，一边告诉他发生的一切。“当时我就坐在这间厨房里喝热可可饮料，像每个晚上睡前所做的那样。突然，詹姆斯先生书房里的灯亮了，透过窗户，我看到他进了书房，走向书桌。瞧，从这儿您可以看到那个书房，里面发生的一切都可以看到。”,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Questions About Para. 5(5) When did Inspector Coderre ring the doorbell at Ms. Webbs home? (6) What did Ms. Webb offer to Inspector Coderre? (7) Where did Inspector Coderre talk to Ms. Webb?,It was almost 2:00 a.m. when he rang her doorbell.,She offered him a cup of coffee.,He talked to Ms. Webb in her kitchen.,very: 在这里是形容词，意为“being exactly the same one, not any other 正是的，恰好的，同一的”。e.g. (1) He is the very man the police are looking for. 他正是警方在寻找的人。(2) This is the very book Prof. Wang asked us to read. 这正是王教授叫我们看的书。ike用作从属连词，相当于as，意为“像，如”，引导方式状语从句。e.g. (1) Dont think you can learn grammatical rules like you learn the multiplication tables. 不要以为你能像学乘法表一样学语法。(2) She cant cook like her mother does. 她的烹饪手艺不如她的母亲。,like用作从属连词，相当于as，意为“像，如”，引导方式状语从句。e.g. (1) Dont think you can learn grammatical rules like you learn the multiplication tables. 不要以为你能像学乘法表一样学语法。(2) She cant cook like her mother does. 她的烹饪手艺不如她的母亲。,come on: (light or machine) to start working（灯或机器等）打开，开动e.g. A dog started barking and lights came on in the house. 一条狗叫了起来，屋子里的灯也亮了。come on还可表示：开始（起来），来到；跟着来；进步，进展，成长；（问题、案件等）被提出来；（演员）出台；（戏剧等）上演；（表示劝说、激励、不耐烦）来吧！快！得啦！e.g. What program comes on next? 接下来是什么节目？,本句中的saw是感官动词，其宾语him后面有两个不带to 的不定式短语（enter the room以及walk over to his desk）充当并列的宾语补足语。注意：在被动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后的不定式必须保留to。e.g. (1) She was seen to enter the building about the time the crime was committed. 有人看见她大约在案发时进了这幢楼。 (2) Her son was made to clean up his room. 她让儿子自己打扫房间。,Intensive Reading-Para 7-8 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,7 Inspector Coderre stared out of the kitchen window and realized that she was absolutely right. The study was well lit and he could see his colleagues move around inside as they continued their investigation. 8 Ms. Webb continued with her story. “I saw Mr. James open a drawer of the desk and take out a gun. I was so shocked I didnt react at first. As I looked, I saw him point the gun at his head and pull the trigger.”,科德尔探长从厨房的窗子往外望，发现她说的完全正确。那书房灯火通明，他能看到他的同事们在里面四处走动，继续调查着。韦布女士接着说：“我看见詹姆斯先生拉开书桌的抽屉，拿出了一支手枪。我吓了一跳，一下都没有反应过来。就在那时，我看到他用手枪对准自己的头，扣动了扳机。”,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),I was so shocked I didnt react at first. 本句可以理解为在shocked后面省略了连接词that，sothat（如此以至于）引导结果状语从句。e.g. (1) She was so angry (that) she couldnt speak. 她气得说不出话来。(2) The food my mother cooks is so delicious I always eat more than I should. 妈妈做的食物太好吃了，我总是吃过量。,Intensive Reading-Para 9-11 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,9 She was obviously upset but she continued her account of the terrible event. “As you can imagine, I was in shock, but I realized that I had to do something, although I knew deep down that it was too late.” 10 “So what did you do?” the inspector posed the question. 11 “I ran over to his house for an inspection. I checked the front door. It was locked. I tried the back door. It too was locked. I went around the house and checked all the windows. They were all secured with locks. So I took a stone and broke a basement window and climbed in. It was stupid under the circumstances, but I didnt want to break any of the big windows.”,韦布女士显然很难过，但她还是接着讲述这件可怕的事情。“你能想象，当时我完全懵了，但是我还是意识到我必须得做点什么，虽然我心里很清楚，已经太迟了。”“那么，你做了什么呢？”探长问。“我跑到他家想进去看看。我试了前门，门是锁着的，转到后门，门也锁着。我在屋外转了一圈试了所有的窗户，发现所有的窗户都锁严了。于是我拿起一块石头，砸碎了地下室的窗户爬了进去。我知道这种情况下这样做很愚蠢，但是我不想打破那些大窗户。”,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Question About Para. 11(8) How did Ms. Webb enter Mr. James house according to her account?,She took a stone and broke a basement window and climbed in.,upset: a. unhappy and worried because sth. unpleasant or disappointing has happened难过，不高兴，失望e.g. She was still upset about the argument shed had with Harry. 她依然为跟哈利发生的争论而难过。注意：upset作形容词时不能用作前置定语。upset也可用作动词，意为“to make a plan, situation, etc. go wrong 打乱，扰乱；使心烦意乱；使（身体、肠胃等）不适；打翻，推翻”。e.g. (1) The ecological balance of the area was upset. 该地区的生态平衡被打破了。,Intensive Reading-Para 12-13 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,12 The inspector was very sympathetic and told her that it was very natural not to want to damage somebodys property. Then he said, “We noticed the broken window. It was very small. Youre lucky you didnt cut yourself as you climbed through it.” 13 Ms. Webb nodded in agreement and continued her story. “I was in this very dark basement, but since our houses are very similar I quickly found the light switch. Then I went up the stairs to the main floor. I rushed immediately to the study and I didnt hesitate. I opened the door, switched on the light and ran to the body to see if I could do anything for Mr. James. Of course, as you saw, there was nothing I could do for him. Then I left the house via the front door and came over here to call the police. I left the front door partly open so they could just walk in and see what had happened.”,探长对她的做法非常赞同，并告诉她，不想破坏别人财产的想法是很自然的。然后他说道：“我们已注意到了那扇破窗户，它很小，你从那里爬进去，却没有被碎玻璃扎伤，真是很幸运。”韦布女士点头表示同意，继续说：“我爬进漆黑的地下室，由于我们的户型很相似，我很快就摸到了电灯开关，接着我打开灯，上楼到了主层。我毫不犹豫立刻冲向书房，推开门，打开灯，跑到他躺的地方，想看看还能不能为詹姆斯先生做点儿什么。当然，正如您所见，我已经无能为力了。然后我从他家前门离开，跑到这儿报了警。我将他家前门半开着，这样警察就能直接进去，看到发生的一切。”,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Question About Para. 13(9) According to Ms. Webb, why did she leave the front door partly open?,She left the front door partly open so that the policemen could just walk in and see what had happened.,英语中表示情感的形容词后可以加that从句，说明原由，that可省略。这类形容词主要有：afraid, angry, annoyed, anxious, delighted, disappointed, eager, frightened, glad, happy, hurt, pleased, proud, relieved, sad, sorry, surprised, upset, worried 等。e.g. (1) Im glad (that) you are all right. 我很高兴你没事儿。(2) I was worried (that) shed say no. 我担心她会拒绝。,本句的三个谓语动词（短语）opened，switched on 和 ran to很紧凑，给读者一种急促的感觉。句中的不定式短语to see作ran to the body的目的状语，if（是否）引导宾语从句。韦布女士前面介绍过她在自家厨房喝可可饮料时，看到詹姆斯先生书房的灯亮了的情节，由此才看到了詹姆斯先生自杀的细节。据此，我们知道当她打开詹姆斯先生书房的门时，灯应该是亮着的，而现在她又说switched on the light（开了灯），显然与前面叙述的内容自相矛盾。这也可以看作是作者在小说中故意设计的破绽。,句中的so可以理解为so that（为了，以便）省略了“that”，引导目的状语从句。e.g. (1) Bring it closer so (that) I can see it better. 把它拿近些，好让我看得更清楚。(2) He told us to keep quiet so we might not disturb others. 他叫我们保持安静以免打扰别人。注意：英语中的so that 或so (that) 既可以引导目的状语从句，又可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，从句中通常要用can, could, may, might或should, would等情态动词，而引导结果状语从句时多不用情态动词，另外这个连接词（组）在两种从句中的意思也不同，前者是“为了，以便”；后者是“如此以至于”。,Intensive Reading-Para 14 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,14 Now that she had finished her story, she began to tremble. “Im sorry,” she explained. “You see, he was more than a good neighbor to me. He was also my boss. I work at his company as his accountant, and I know there was a reason for his despair. The company was going bankrupt; I guess that was the motive for his suicide, and I feel responsible for his suicide because I was the one who gave him the bad news, just this morning, in fact.”,说完这一切后，她的身体开始发抖。她解释道：“我很难过，要知道，他不仅是我的一位好邻居，还是我的老板，我在他公司当会计。我知道他为什么感到绝望，因为公司即将破产。我猜这就是他自杀的动机吧。我觉得他自杀我是负有责任的，因为其实是我告诉他这个坏消息的，就在今天早上。”,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Questions About Para. 14(10) According to Ms. Webb, what was the motive for Mr. James suicide? (11) Why did Ms. Webb feel responsible for Mr. James suicide?,His company was going bankrupt.,Because she was the one who gave him the bad news just that morning.,more than在这里并不是“比更”的意思。它可以用于名词前，表示“不仅仅是，不只是”。e.g. (1) She was much more than a friend to me. 对我而言，她远不止是一个朋友。 (2) She is more than her mother. She is also her manager. 她不只是她的母亲，还是她的经纪人。,指示代词that指的是前面一句的内容，即The company was going bankrupt。 英语中，指示代词that/those指前面讲过的事物，this/these指下面要讲的事物。,Intensive Reading-Para 15-16 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Intensive Reading,15 The inspector looked at her but there was little sympathy in his eyes. He got up from his chair and headed towards the front door. As he was picking up his overcoat and gloves, he turned to her and said, in a very cold voice, “Thats all for our preliminary investigation. I think you will have to come down to police headquarters with me. There are a few small details that dont seem to make sense.” 16 Why isnt Inspector Coderre satisfied with Ms. Webbs version of the event? Is there anything in her account that didnt conform to what the inspector had observed?,探长看着她，眼里并无赞同的神色。他从椅子上起身，朝前门走去。就在他拿起大衣和手套时，他转身对韦布女士冷冷地说：“我们的初步调查到此为止。我想你得跟我到警察总局走一趟，有一些细微之处似乎不能自圆其说。”为什么科德尔探长不相信韦布女士陈述的案情？她的哪些叙述与探长观察到的不符合呢？,Focus 1 Section I,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Question About Para. 15(12) Why wasnt Inspector Coderre satisfied?,Because there were a few small details that didnt seem to make sense.,conform: vi./vt. to be in agreement with, to comply with (generally accepted rules, standards, etc.) （to）与一致，符合e.g. (1) What they have done conforms to the interests of the people. 他们所做的符合人民的利益。(2) One should conform oneself to the new customs. 每个人都要使自己适应新风俗。,preliminary: a. happening before sth. that is more important, often in order to prepare for it 初步的，预备的e.g. (1) Although she won the first place in the preliminary competition, she only got the third prize in the final. 虽然她在初赛中得了第一名，但在决赛中只得了三等奖。(2) Speeches are preliminary to the real debate. 演讲是为真正的辩论作准备。,detail: n. C, U 细微之处；枝节，琐事；细节，详情e.g. (1) He stood still, absorbing every detail of the street. 他一动不动地站着，不放过街 上的每一个细微之处。 (2) For further details, contact the personnel department. 欲知详情，请与人事部联系。 (3) Editing requires great attention to detail. 编辑工作要求一丝不苟。detail也可用作动词，意为“ 详述，详细说明”。e.g. (1) The paper then goes on to detail a number of joint initiatives. 接着，报纸详述了一些联合方案。 (2) The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities. 这本小册子详细介绍了当地所有的旅馆及其设施。短语in detail意为“ 详细地”。e.g. (1) Can you explain it in detail? 你能详细解释一下吗？ (2) He described his experiences in vivid detail. 他具体生动地讲述了自己的经历。,Exercise I.1No.1-7 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,Exercise I.1 The following questions are intended to help you get familiar with the text. Try to use as much of the original text as possible in your answers.,(1)When did Ms. Jane Webb call the Toronto police? (2)Where did Ms. Jane Webb live? (3)Why were the policemen surprised when they arrived? (4)Why did the policeman tell Ms. Webb to stay in her house? (5)When did Inspector Coderre ring the doorbell at Ms. Webbs home? (6)What did Ms. Webb offer to Inspector Coderre? (7)Where did Inspector Coderre talk to Ms. Webb?,She called the Toronto police at 11:22 p.m. on January 7, 1999.,Focus 1 Section I,Because the front door of Mr. James house was partly open.,It was almost 2:00 a.m. when he rang her doorbell.,She offered him a cup of coffee.,He talked to Ms. Webb in her kitchen.,She lived in a small bungalow on a very quiet street.,ENJOYING CAMBRIDGE(III),Because she was a vital witness and was to be interviewed by the police.,Exercise I.1 No.8-12 Focus1 Section 1,上海交通大学出版社,美心英语,(8) How did Ms. Webb enter Mr. James house according to her account? (9) According to Ms. Webb, why did she leave the front door partly open? (10) According to Ms. Webb, what was the motive for Mr. James suicide? (11) Why did Ms. Webb feel responsible for Mr. James suicide? (12) Why wasnt Inspector Coderre satisfied?,She took a stone an