给水排水专业工程必备课件.ppt

EnglishforWaterandWastewaterEngineering,SaveOurNature,Mainenvironmentpollutionairwatersoil,Airpollution,Effect:hazardsurvivalanddevelopmentofbiologicalcorrodeobjects：metalbuildingsrustingcalcareousculturalrelicssevereweatheringaffecttheglobalatmosphericenvironment:GlobalWarmingOzoneHoleAcidrain,InvisibleCities,Solidwastepollution,Source:industrialoffscum、sludge、dustwasteandscrapmaterialshouseholdgarbageHarm：occupationoflandgarbageExplosionpollutionofwaterbodies、airhealthhazards,Givemealittlespace,Waterpollution,Source:papermillprintinganddyeingmilloilfieldchemicalplantpesticideschemicalfertilizers,industrialwaste:,agriculturewaste:,domesticwaste,我国各地区（香港、澳门、台湾暂未列入）人均水量,世界人均水量和一些国家的人均水量,世界人均水量和一些国家的人均量,我国各地区（香港、澳门、台湾暂未列入）人均水量,statusquo,wastesource,Results:freshwatercrisispolluteundergroundwaterundermineaquaticecosystemsendangerhumanhealthOceanpollutionRedTidepetroleumpollution,Iwanttobreathe,EcologicalDamage,Resons:excessivereclamationexcessivedeforestationovergrazingConsequence:soilerosiondesertificationbiologicaldiversitydamage,Whatshouldwedo？,1.Dontwastethewater;2.Dontusetheplasticbag;3.Plantmoreandmoretrees.4.Recyclingresourcesavailable,Fromnowon,fromyouandme,fromthelittlethingsinourlife,learntosaveournature,protectourenvironment;andtostoppeopledamagingournature!LetsdosomethingforourenvironmentLetusbringthegreentoeverycorneroftheworld;letthegreenintopeopleshearts.Believewecanmakeabigdifferenceintheworld!,EnvironmentProtection,BeautifulPlanet,谢谢观赏！,给水排水工程,给水工程watersupplyengineering原水的取集和处理以及成品水输配的工程。排水工程sewerage,wastewaterengineering收集、输送、处理和处置废水的工程。给水系统watersupplysystem给水的取水、输水、水质处理和配水等设施以一定方式组合成的总体。排水系统seweragesystem排水的收集、输送、水质处理和排放等设施以一定方式组合成的总体。,水循环Watercycle(Alsoknownaswatercirculation),WATERPROBLEMS,Thefourbasicnaturalresourcesarewater,air,landandenergy.Weneedwaterformultipleusesandacertainqualityisrequired.Itsuseleadstothegenerationofwastewaterthatcancauseanimpactontheenvironment.,Waterpollution,Source:papermillprintinganddyeingmilloilfieldchemicalplantpesticideschemicalfertilizers,industrialwaste:,agriculturewaste:,domesticwaste,Results:freshwatercrisispolluteundergroundwaterundermineaquaticecosystemsendangerhumanhealthOceanpollutionRedTidepetroleumpollution,Waterscarcityandpollutionhasbecomeofmostimportanceinrecentyears.Inthischapterwelldiscussbothfreshwaterandwastewatertreatment,eitherforreuseordisposalintheenvironmentwithoutpollutingit.,Asyouknow,peopledependonwatertoliveon.Theyshouldbeinvolvedinfindingasolutiontothisproblem.Ithink,certaincountermeasuresneedtobetakenassoonaspossible.Tobeginwith,thegovernmentsofallcountriesaresupposedtoformulaterulesandregulationstodealwiththepollutionproblem.,Inaddition,factoriesintownsandcitiesmustbeprohibitedfromdrainingwasteliquidsintoriversbeforetheyaretotallytreatedandpurified.Ifeeliftheyviolaterelevantrulesorlaws,theyshouldbefinedheavily.Certainly,therearesomeothercureswhichareworthadopting.,EnglishforWaterandWastewaterEngineering,给水排水工程专业英语,0引言给水排水专业英语概论,Sanitaryengineering卫生工程Environmentalengineering环境工程Civilengineering土木工程Plumbing,关于“给水排水专业”的英语名称,WatersupplyandsewerageengineeringWatersupplyaproduct.生产量；生产物,2.Masscurve累积曲线,Mass,1水资源及其形成与特性,3.Capitalinvestment（总）投资4.Recurringnaturalevent再现历史事件5.Subterranean地下的,Submerged淹没的,6.Groundwater地下水7.Surfacewater地表水8.Tap,tapwater自来水,9.Swampland沼泽地10.Capillary毛细的；毛细管11.Hygro-词头湿，液体12.Hygroscopic吸湿的hygroscopicmoisture,1水资源及其形成与特性,13.Stratum地层14.Aquifer含水层15.Saturation饱和层16.Hydrostatic水压的，流体静力学的,Hydrostaticpressure静水压力,17.Watertable水位18.Phreaticsurface地下水水位，浅层地下水面19.Superficial表面的，表观的，浅薄的20.Unconfined无限制的，无约束的21.Permeameter渗透仪22.Clay黏土，泥土,1水资源及其形成与特性,Porosity多孔性,有孔性n.（名词）【复数】po.ros.i.tiesThestateorpropertyofbeingporous.有孔性，多孔性：有孔或多孔的状态或特性Astructureorpartthatisporous.多孔部分或多孔结构Theratioofthevolumeofalltheporesinamaterialtothevolumeofthewhole.孔隙率：一材料中孔隙的总体积与整个材料的体积之间的比率,23.porosity多孔性，有孔性，孔隙率,24.Gravel砾石,1水资源及其形成与特性,n.（名词）【复数】per.me.a.bil.i.tiesThepropertyorconditionofbeingpermeable.渗透，渗透性：可渗透的特质或状态Therateofflowofaliquidorgasthroughaporousmaterial.渗透度，渗透率：液体或气体通过渗透材料流的量度,25.Permeability,26.Coneofdepression下降漏斗27.Drawdown抽水后水位降低28.Integrate求积分29.Observationwell观测井30.Extraction抽取，取出31.Derivation引出，来历，出处；（语言）辞源，衍生32.Deplete耗尽，使衰竭,1水资源及其形成与特性,33.Refuse拒绝，谢绝；废物，垃圾34.Dump倾倒，倾卸；堆存处，垃圾堆35.Unconfinedaquifer非承压含水层36.Confinedaquifer承压含水层37.Homogeneous同类的，相似的；均匀的，均相的【反】inhomogeneous38.Aquaclude不透水层，难渗透水的地层(aquiclude)39.Offset偏移；偏移量vt.弥补,抵销,用平版印刷40.Sophisticated复杂的，需要专门技术的,1水资源及其形成与特性,Waterforlife：InternationalDecadeforAction20052015：WATERISESSENTIALFORLIFE.Wateriscrucialforsustainabledevelopment,includingthepreservationofournaturalenvironmentandthealleviationofpovertyandhunger.Waterisindispensableforhumanhealthandwellbeing.,基本内容,水资源的重要性VitalityofWaterresources,1水资源及其形成与特性,/waterforlifedecade/,1水资源及其形成与特性,AnyoftheentirerangeofnaturalwatersthatoccurontheEarth,regardlessoftheirstate(i.e.,vapour,liquid,orsolid)andthatareofpotentialusetohumans.Ofthese,theresourcesmostavailableforusearethewatersoftheoceans,rivers,andlakes;otheravailablewaterresourcesincludegroundwateranddeepsubsurfacewatersandglaciersandpermanentsnowfields.Humanuseofnaturalwaters,particularlyoffreshwaterresources,hasincreasedsteadilyoverthecenturies.Itisunlikelythatthistrendwillchangegiventhecontinuedgrowthofpopulationandtheeverwideningutilizationofwaterforagricultural,industrial,andrecreationalpurposes.Thissituationhasgivenrisetogrowingconcernovertheavailabilityofadequatewatersuppliestoaccommodatethefutureneedsofsociety.Surfacewaterresourcesarealreadybeingusedtotheirmaximumcapacityinvariousregionsoftheworld,as,forexample,inthesouthwesternUnitedStates.,大英百科全书EncyclopdiaBritannica,2008,1水资源及其形成与特性,水资源的类型Typesofwaterresources,1水资源及其形成与特性,1水资源及其形成与特性,水循环Watercycle(Alsoknownaswatercirculation),1水资源及其形成与特性,课文阅读与讲解,1水资源及其形成与特性,课后作业,地下水(单号)和地表水（双号）的比较:结合已学专业知识，试分析地表水和地下水的特点和可使用性，自行撰写有关论文英文400字左右，可使用表格）（学号1-10）,翻译课文第10、22段（学号11-20）翻译课文第15、16段（学号21-30）预习下节课内容unit3anditsreadingmaterials,ThankYou!,100BC,thewaterwithoutpurification,20thcentury60s,waterneededpurificationandsubjectedtofive,20thcentury90s,waterneededpurificationandsubjectedtotwenty,Ye