2012文亮专升本英语基础阶段模拟试卷

.姓名： 报考学校： 报考专业： -密封线-2012文亮专升本英语基础阶段模拟试卷题 号Part IPart II三Part III五Part IV总分得 分考试说明： 1考试时间为150分钟； 2满分为150分； 3. 答案请填写在答题纸上。 4在答题前，考生务必在试卷和答题纸上填写好自己的姓名。Part Reading Comprehension(共60分)Section A(共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. In the early days of the internet, many people worried that as people in the rich world embraced new computing and communications technologies, people in the poor world would be left stranded on the wrong side of a digital divide. Yet the debate over the digital divide is founded on a myth - hat plugging poor countries into the internet will help them to become rich rapidly. This is highly unlikely, because the digital divide is not a problem in itself, but a symptom of deeper, more important divides: of income, development and literacy. Fewer people in poor countries than in rich ones own computers and have access to the internet simply because they are too poor, are illiterate, or have other more immediate concerns, such as food, health care and security. So even if it were possible to wave a magic wand and cause a computer to appear in every household on earth, it would not achieve very much: a computer is not useful if you have no food or electricity and cannot read. Yet such Wand-waving - through the construction of specific local infrastructure projects such as rural telecenters(远程计算中心) - is just the sort of thing for which the UNs new fund is intended. This sort of thing is the wrong way to go about addressing the inequality in access to digital technologies: it is treating the symptoms, rather than the underlying causes. The benefits of building rural computing centers, for example, are unclear. Rather than trying to close the divide for the sake of it, the more sensible goal is to determine how best to use technology to promote bottom-up development. And the answer to that question turns out to be remarkably clear: by promoting the spread not of PCs and the Internet, but of mobile phones. ( )1. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Plugging poor countries into the Internet will help them to become rich rapidly. B. Poor countries should be given more basic devices other than advanced ones. C. Rich countries should help poor ones becoming rich. D. People in poor countries cannot afford devices such as computer. ( )2. What did the author mean by referring digital divide. (Line 3, Para. 1)? A. Digital technology will make the gap between rich world and poor world wider. B. Digital technology will divide people into rich and poor world. C. People can be divided digitally. D. To divide people in digital world is wrong. ( )3. We can infer from the 2nd paragraph that. A. people in poor countries cannot use computer because of illiteracy. B. poor people cannot use computers. C. There would be no magic to cause a computer to appear in every household on earth. D. people in poor countries need more basic living conditions than computers. ( )4. Considering the following sentences, which one would the author most agree? A. Digital technology is useless. B. Digital divide will help poor countries becoming rich. C. Poor people need more immediate concerns, such as food, health care and security. D. Mobile phones should be promoted firstly. ( )5. The following passage will probably be: A. How to promote using of mobile phones. B. How to use technology to promote bottom-up development. C. The benefits of building rural computing centers. D. How to meet the need of food, health and security in poor countries.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child-or even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted.We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someones personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someones personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”, you might begin to think about someone who was kind considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in peoples behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.People have always tried to “type” each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villains (坏人) or the heros role. In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask”. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad guys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as inactions.( )6. By using the example of finger prints, the author tells us that _.A. people can learn to recognize facesB. people have different personalitiesC. people have difficulty in describing the features of finger printsD. people differ from each other in facial features（D）( )7. According to this passage, some animals have the gift of _.A. telling people apart by how they behaveB. typing each otherC. telling good people from had peopleD. recognizing human faces（D）( )8.Who most probably knows best how to describe peoples personality?A. The ancient Greek audienceB. The movie actorsC. PsychologistsD. The modern TV audience（C）( )9.According to the passage, it is possible for us tell one type of person from another because _.A. people differ in their behavioral and physical characteristicsB. human fingerprints provide unique informationC. peoples behavior can be easily described in wordsD. human faces have complex features（A）( )10.Which of the following is the major point of the passage?A. Why it is necessary to identify peoples personalityB. Why it is possible to describe peopleC. How to get to know peopleD. How best to recognize peoplePassage3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.In the old day, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters (年轻人) who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients-even when those patients are their parents. This deprives (剥夺) the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience.Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We are most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients communications in order to truly understand their needs, fears, and fantasies (幻想). Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to cope with the approach of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death.( )11. The elders of contemporary Americans _.A. were often absent when a family member was born or dyingB. were quite unfamiliar with birth and deathC. usually witnessed the birth or death of a family memberD. had often experienced the fear of death as part of life( )12. Children in America today are denied the chance _.A. to learn how to face deathB. to visit dying patientsC. to attend to patientsD. to have access to a hospital( )13. Five hundred critically ill patients were investigated with the main purpose of _.A. observing how they reacted to the crisis of deathB. helping them and their families overcome the fear of deathC. finding out their attitude towards the approach of deathD. learning how to best help them and their families( )14.The need of a dying patient for company shows _.A. his desire for communication with other peopleB. his fear of approaching deathC. his pessimistic attitude towards his conditionD. his reluctance to part with his family( )15.It may be concluded from the passage that _.A. dying patients are afraid of being told of the approach of deathB. most doctors and nurses understand what dying patients needC. dying patients should be truthfully informed of their conditionD. most patients are unable to accept death until it is obviously inevitablePassage 4 Questions16 to 20 are based on the following passage.The land of the free and the home of the brave, these closing words of the U.S. national anthem, The Star Spangled Banner (星条旗歌), sum up the ideals that many citizens of the United States have for their country. Ideals and values play an important role in the cultural life of the United States, just as they do in any country.One of the most important ideals of the United States - and an important part of the way many people in the United States see themselves - is that of freedom. From the time of the American Revolution, when the colonists declared independence from England, the Untied States has attracted people seeking freedom.A second ideal of great importance in the United States is that of rule by the people. The framers of the Constitution of the United States strove to ensure that political power would lie in the hands of the voters, not a king or dictator. So they created a federal government composed of three branches - legislative, executive, and judicial - to prevent any one part of the government from becoming too powerful.Another key value in the United States is that of the rights of the individual. The Bill of Rights is intended to safeguard the fights of the individual and guarantee protection from unjust treatment by the government or the majority. The importance of this protection is reflected in newspaper articles about violations of individual rights. Family, minority group, worker, student, and professional issues often center on questions of individual rights.However, individuals and groups together struggle for prominence in the United States today. For all of the importance of individualism, group identity also plays an important role in peoples cultural values. ( )16. What is the ideal upheld in the US national anthem?_ A. Freedom. B. Struggle. C. Equality. D. Solidarity.( )17. Which of the following statements is True about freedom?_ A. It was brought into the United States from England. B. American people regard it essentially vital in their cultural life. C. It was declared in the American Revolution. D. It had already spread among the colonies before the American Revolution.( )18. Whats the American ideal of ruling a country?_ A. The ruling power should lie in the hands of the people. B. Important decisions should be made by voters. C. Either a king or a dictator should have a part in ruling the country. D. The Legislative part of the government should be above the other two.( )19. What does the Bill of Rights intend to offer? _ A. The fair treatment of the majority. B. The fair treatment of the press. C. The protection of individual fights. D. The protection of the government.( )20. From the passage we may say that_. A. individualism is the topmost ideal of the U.S. B. the American government has less power than other governments C. American people are the bravest people in the, worldD. both individualism and group identity have a place in American valuesSection B (从7个选项中选5个，每空格2分，共10分)Direction: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions21-25, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There are two extra choices, which you do not need to use in any of the blanks.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. (21) (22) The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. (23) Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. (24) They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. (25) A Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases.B Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.C Economic costs, which include opportunity costs, are benefits that are lost because of having made a choice.D Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way.E Economic rent comes into the picture when a factor of production is already making more in its current employment than it could make in its next best use.F Economists do not agree on some of the predictions.G Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.Section C Banked Cloze (从15个选项中选择10个，每空格1分，共10分)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and 26 the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly 27 forward. At that moment, the air-hostess 28 .She looked very pale, but was quite 29 .Speaking quickly but almost in a whisper, she 30 everyone that the pilot had 31 and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines or at 32 how to drive a car. After a moment 33 , a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilots cabin. Moving the pilot 34 , the man took his seat and listened carefully to the 35 instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport below. The plane was now dangerously close to ground, but to everyones relief, it soon began to climb. A. although D. s