初中英语语法-被动语态-被打的豆豆

.,被打的豆豆,被动语态讲解,.,遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。,Doudouisalwaysbeatenbysomeone.,.,昨天晚上，夜黑风高，它又被打了。,Doudouwasbeatenyesterdayevening.,.,明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。Tomorrow,Doudouwillbebeatenseveraltimes.,.,可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeatenformanyyears.,.,我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打。Ourdeardoudouisbeingbeatennow.,.,随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeatenanytime.,.,语法精讲被动语态,.,被动语态的基本构成：be+动词的过去分词（be+done),.,1.一般现在时am/is/are+done,Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.,.,Heputonacoat.Acoatwasputonbyhim.,2.一般过去时was/were+done,Hemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.,.,3.一般将来时shall/will/begoingto+bedone,Theywillplanttreestomorrow.TreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrowHeisgoingtowritealettertohismother.Aletterisgoingtobewrittentohismotherbyhim.,.,4.现在完成时has/have+beendone,Jimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.,.,5.含有情态动词的被动语态,can/may/must/should+bedone,Icanfindhim.Hecanbefoundbyme.,.,被动语态的用法,1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。,这块手表是中国制造的。,2.没有必要指出动作的执行者,每年都应该种更多的树。,ThiswatchismadeinChina.,Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.,.,3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。,世界上越来越多的人说汉语。,4.句子的主语是动作的承受者。,许多房屋被冲走了。,Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.,Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.,.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,（主语）（宾语）主动语态：动作的执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作的承受者被动语态：动作的承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+动作的执行者（主语）（宾语）,说明：（1）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。（3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。,.,主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来的时态。如：Sheoftencleansthehouse.Thehouseisoftencleanedbyher.2.有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时，通常变为主语的是间接宾语（sb.）,Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday,Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.,.,3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.,Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette(香烟）,=Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.,4）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等变为被动结构时，要加to,Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding,=Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.,.,5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。,ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday,.,补充部分,1.主动结构表被动意义,某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如sell,write,wash,clean,last(耐久),wear(耐穿),它们的主语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意义。,Thiskindofshirtsellswell.,.,2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动表被动意义。例：Itsmellswonderful.Mooncakestastedelicious.,3.在beworthdoing中,doing表被动意义。例：Thisbookisworthreading.,.,4.want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+tobedone例：Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.我的自行车需要修理。,.,5、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：,不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系时，如：,我有许多事情要做。他有几项任务要完成。,Ihavealotofthingstodo.,Hehasseveraltaskstocomplete.,.,2.在“系动词+形容词+不定式”结构中，常见句型有：,n.+be+too+adj.+todoTheplaneistoohightosee.2)n.+be+adj.+enough+todoThebookischeapenoughformetobuy.3)n.+be+adj.+todoThequestionisnoteasytoanswer.,.,课堂练习（一）改写句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday._byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow._byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter._byher.,Treesareplanted,Theletterwasposted,Iwasgiven,Yourhomeworkmaybehandedin,Aletterisgoingtobewritten,.,7.Ihavegivenyouthenewbook._toyou.8.Herbagcannotbefoundbyher._herbag.9.DoyouoftenhearhersingRussiansongs?_Russiansongsbyyou?10.Shedoesntlethersonswimintheriver._intheriverbyher.11.Thebridgewasbeingbuiltbythematthistimelastyear._thebridgeatthistimelastyear.12.Doessheoftensingthesong?_byher?,Thenewbookhasbeengiven,Shecannotfind,Issheoftenheardtosing,Hersonisntlettoswim,Theywerebuilding,Isthesongoftensung,.,1.Ifcitynoises_fromincreasing，people_shouttobeheardevenatdinnerAarenotkept；willhavetoBarenotkept；haveCdonotkeep；willhavetoDdonotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,_andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.-_thesportsmeetmightbeputoff-Yes，italldependsontheweatherAIvebeentoldBIvetoldCImtoldDItold,A,C,A,.,4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken,D,C,B,C,.,8.Greatchanges_inthecity,andalotoffactories_.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit_over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost10.-Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.-Whatstheprettysmallhousethat_for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.-Doyoulikethecloth?-Yes,it_verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt,B,D,A,C,.,12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_ChineseAwriteBtowriteCtobewrittenDwritten13.Ihavenomoreletters_，thankyouAtotypeBtypingCtobetypedDtyped14.Takecare!Dontdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit_easily.A.wontwashoutB.wontbewashedoutC.isntwashedoutD.isntwashingout15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto_.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout,B,C,A,D,.,16.Thecomputersonthetable_ProfessorSmith.A.belongsB.arebelongedtoC.belongstoD.belongto17.-Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?-Oh,excellent.Itsworth_asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.read