Prefer的用法

Prefer的用法最常见的意思是宁可、宁愿(选择)、比较喜欢、更喜欢等, 可以构成以下结构。一. prefer sth. Do you like French?Yes, but I prefer English.你喜欢法语吗?喜欢,但是我更喜欢英语。 注:prefer是比较喜欢,更喜欢的意思,即like better,因此就不能再与better, more等比较级词语连用。 二.prefer over sth. I prefer over this newly-built lab, and you? 我比较喜欢这个新建的实验室,你呢? They prefer over new works that sing of their life today. 他们更喜欢歌颂他们今天生活的新作品。 三. prefer sth. above all others I prefer the book above all others. 我最喜欢这本书。 四. prefer A to B I prefer the original book to the revised edition. 我觉得原书比修订本好。 五. prefer doing A to doing B Even on holidays Mr. Wang preferred reading to doing nothing. 即使在假日,王先生宁愿读书而不愿闲着。 注:在这种结构中,to为介词,而不是不定式符号,故其后应当接动名词形式,决不能接动词原形。另外,为了保持前后对应关系,prefer后面也应当接动名词形式。 六. prefer to do sth. They prefer to spend the rest of the morning wandering in the streets. 他们比较喜欢把早上剩下的时间都用来在街上闲逛。 七. prefer doing sth. So you prefer speaking without referring to your notes? 这么说,你更喜欢不看稿子做报告了? 注: 这种prefer后面接动名词的结构,用来谈论一般情况下更喜欢某种活动,而在一个特定场合下表示特别喜欢时,得用上述prefer后接动词不定式结构。 八. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. These workers prefered to work extra hours at night rather than leave the work until the next week. 这些工人宁愿加班干,也不愿把工作留到下一个星期。 注:这种结构中的rather than可以置于句首。例如: Rather than go on holiday to the seaside I prefer to work days and go to school nights. 我宁愿白天工作,晚上上学,而不愿到海边度假。 注:有时rather可以移至第一个不定式之前,而让than留在第二个不定式之前,即为prefer rather.than结构.这种用法多见于书面语言,在口语中很少用. 九. prefer to do sth. rather than doing sth. They prefer to join in the celebrations rather than going on a visit to the Palace Museum. 他们宁愿参加庆祝活动而不愿参观故宫。 注:有时名词也可用于rather than之后,这种用法多用以表示在某种具体场合的选择。 十. prefer sb. to do sth. I prefer you to spare some time to come to our art exhibition next week. 我宁愿你们下星期抽出点时间来看看我们的美展。 十一. prefer+that-clause.在that宾语从句中,我们应当用虚拟语气should+动词原形,其中的should可以省略。 We prefer that each new student take a science course. 我们希望每位新生修一门理科课程. 十二. prefer sth. (or sb.)+adj. I prefer the door open. 我宁愿门开着。 I prefer my coffee black. 我爱喝不加奶的咖啡 还有以下注意： 1、后接不定式时与rather than 或instead of连用，如：He prefered to die rather than (to) steal. / He perfered to die instead of stealing. 他宁死也不去偷窃。 2、注意介词搭配，如： I prefer swimming to skating. (I like swimming better than skating.)我喜欢游泳胜过滑冰。prefer 因其本身含有比较之意，而不可再与more 或most连用。 3、prefer名词或动名词“宁愿”，“更喜欢”。He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice. 他是上海人，因此更喜欢吃米饭。I prefer going by bike.我宁愿骑单车去。I prefer the white one.我喜欢那个白的。 4、prefer to do “愿意做”。I prefer to go at once.我愿意马上就走。 5、prefer sb. to do “愿意某人做” I prefer you to go at once.我倒希望你马上就走。 6、prefer to sth.“宁愿做.而不做.”. I prefer tea to milk.我宁愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。I prefer watching TV to going out. 我宁愿看电视也不出去。 7、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做.而不做.” I prefer to watch TV rather than go out.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去。 8、prefer that从句“宁愿”（从句一般用虚拟语气）I prefer that you should do it.我宁愿你做这件事。 这些是prefer的用法，你认真看，对你有很大帮忙的rather than 用法小结 rather than 是一个并列连词，用法比较复杂，现归纳如下： 1. rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather.than.”句式，意思是“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。例如： Shed rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 2. rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下： (1) 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。 You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 注意：rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 (2) 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 (3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 (4) 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。 (5) 连接两个不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6) 连接两个动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里rather than 后用了walked，而没有用walk，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk，则作“宁愿而不愿 ”解。 would rather的用法 一、would rather意思是“宁愿、宁可、更、最好、还是为好”，后接动词原形,常省略为d rather，表示优先选择的一种方式 其否定形式是would rather not do sth。would rather没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用would rather。 “would rather+动词原形”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式，美国英语中多用had rather。would (had)在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词，且无词性、时态变化。 例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。 If youd rather be alone, well all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。 You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening. 今晚你最好呆在家中读点书。 二、如果在两者中进行取舍，表示“宁愿而不愿，与其宁可”的意思时，则可用would ratherthan或wouldrather than的句型 例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。 The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。 请注意 1） would ratherthan/wouldrather than也可以颠倒为：rather thanwould。Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选用的动词相同，那么than 后的动词可以省略。 例 I would rather have noodles than rice. 我宁愿吃面条也不吃米饭。 He would rather drink wine than beer 他喜欢喝红葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。 Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up. 与其在这样差的条件下工作，他宁愿放弃。 2)使用would ratherthan句型时要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。 例 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。 I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我宁愿和他妈说话而不愿和他爸说话。 三、在疑问句式中，would rather 与would ratherthan中的would要放在主语之前 例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在这里，还是回家？ Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉？ 四、would rather+从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型 Would rather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。其意为“宁愿,还是 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。 例 John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来) Wed rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我们宁愿他明天付给我们那笔钱。 Dont come tomorrow. Id rather you came next weekend. 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。 请注意 1） 如果谈到过去的动作，也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。此时，主句一般为I had rather ,其（that）从句则用过去完成时。 例 Would rather you had not done that. 我真希望你没有做那件事。 2）如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。 例 I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night. 我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。 Henry would rather that his girlfriend worked in the same department as he does亨利希望他的女朋友和他在一个部门工作。 五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别，但经常接触到的是would rather。 例Tom would rather/sooner read than talk 汤姆宁可读书而不愿谈天。 Tom prefers reading to talking汤姆喜欢读书而不喜欢谈天。 请注意 1）would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式，而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。有时prefer后面也可跟名词，而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。 例 He prefers wine to beer= He would rather drink win