生物医学工程简介

INTRODUCTIONOFBIOMEDICALANDBIOENGNEERING,Threeweekscourses,GeneandLifeGeneSequencingandBioinformaticsNanopore-theNextGenerationSequencer,Aninterestingquestion!,First,thechickendo?Ortheegg?,Wecanaskthechicken!,StructureofDNA,1A,2.StructureofdCTP,3.BaseTautomerism,Chargaffrules-A=T,G=C,helical,10layerLinesBetweenCrossPatterns(10ResiduesPerturn),EvidencefortheDoubleHelix,1.FiberDiffractiondata:-Helicalgeometry-3.4Aspacing(1A=10-10m)-34Apitch,NIH,1,Nitrogenousbase,Sugar,Phosphate,-2-deoxyribose,2,Pyrimidines嘧啶,Purines嘌呤,4,BaseAdenineGuanineThymineCytosine,Nucleoside(Deoxy)adenosine(Deoxy)guanosine(Deoxy)thymidine(Deoxy)cytidine,Nucleotide(d)A(mono,di-,tri)phosphate(d)G(mono,di-,tri)phosphate(d)T(mono,di-,tri)phosphate(d)C(mono,di-,tri)phosphate,6,1,9,PhosphodiesterBackbone,8,Pitch34,Rise3.4,Width20,MajorGroove,MinorGroove,9,10.4bp/turn,B-DNA:ArightHandeddoublehelixWhy?,Twist36,9,8.5,11.7,7.5,5.7,MajorGroove,MinorGroove,10,11,FromRNAtomRNA,In1961,Brenner,s.Jacob,F.,andMeselsonusedaseriesofexperimentstoprovethatthemRNAisthemessenger.,ThecreationofCentralDogma：,FrancisCrickproposedthecentraldogmaofmolecularbiologyinaspeechin1957.HepredictedtherelationshipbetweenDNA,RNAandproteinandexpoundedthetransfersub-hypothesis“(whichbecomelatertRNA),ClassicCentraldogma,20,遗传与变异,生物的亲代能产生与自己相似的后代的现象叫做遗传。亲代与子代之间、子代的个体之间，是绝对不会完全相同的，也就是说，总是或多或少地存在着差异，这种现象叫变异。遗传和变异是对立的统一体，遗传使物种得以延续，变异则使物种不断进化,21,Definition：,ChromosomegeneDNAbase,22,,gene？,23,gene,intron,extron,extron,24,Gene(b)SEMimageofnanoporeof35nmindiameter;(c)ExperimentalsetupandtheCross-sectionalviewofthefluidicdevice.,2020/6/5,71,Resultsanddiscussion,Figure2.(a)Partsofthenanoporeioniccurrenttraceat400mvbias,afteradding-DNAinthenegativereservoir,currentblockedeventscanbedetectedinthecurrenttrace.(b)Thehistogramofthenanoporecurrenttrace,Twopeaksarevisible,thehighpeakisrepresentforopen-porecurrentwhilethelowforblockedcurrent.(c)Anindividualiseventwithanincreasedtimeresolution,eacheventischaracterizedbythetranslocationtimetdandcurrentblockageI.(d)Thehistogramofcurrentblockageof150events(e)Thehistogramoftranslocationtimeof150events.,Votagedependoftrans