1103第三节-磁罗经与陀螺经的使用

第三节 磁罗经与陀螺经的使用 0061. When an azimuth of the Sun has been taken and the deviation of the standard magnetic compass computed，the watch officer should record the results _C_ 当得到天测太阳方位时，值班驾驶员应算出标准罗经的自差并将结果记录在（）里AIn the vessels Official Logbook 航海日志BOn the compass deviation card 磁罗经自差表CIn the compass deviation log 磁罗经自差记录本DOn a Napier diagram 奈培图表0145. Which would influence a magnetic compass _D_ 下列哪一项对磁罗经有影响（）AElectrical wiring 电线BIron pipe 铁管CRadio 无线电DAll of the above 全是0690. Deviation changes with a change in _ B_ 自差随（）变化而变化ALatitude 纬度BHeading 船首向CLongitude 经度DSea conditions 海浪情况1203. Magnetic variation changes with a change in _D_ 磁差随（）的改变而改变Athe vessels heading 船首线Bsea conditions 海面情况Cseasons 季节Dthe vessels position 船位1202. Lines on a chart which connect points of equal magnetic variation are called _D_799海图把所有磁差相等的点连接起来的线叫做（）AMagnetic latitudes 磁纬度BMagnetic declinations 磁赤纬CDip 磁倾角DIsogonic lines 等磁差线1204. The agonic line on an isomagnetic chart indicates the _C_961等磁差海图上，零磁差线表示（）AMagnetic equator 磁赤道BMagnetic longitude reference line 磁经线基准线CPoints where there is no variation 所有磁差为零的各点连线DPoints where there is no annual change in variation 磁差年变化率为零的各点连线1205. The angular difference between the true meridian（great circle connecting the geographic poles）and the magnetic meridian（direction of the lines of magnetic flux）is called _B_ 真子午线（连接地球南北极之间的大圆）与与磁子午线（磁力线方向）之间的角度差称为（）Adeviation 自差Bvariation 磁差Cerror 误差Ddifference 差别1206. The compass error of a magnetic compass that has no deviation is _B_1004磁罗经误差中，如果没有自差，则该误差（）AZero为零BEqual to variation 等于磁差CEliminated by adjusting the compass 已经经罗经校正而消除DConstant at any geographical location 在任何地理位置都是恒定的1207. The difference between magnetic heading and compass heading is called _B_ 船首磁航向与船首罗经航向之间的夹角叫做（）AVariation 磁差BDeviation 自差CCompass error 罗经误差DDrift流压差1208. The error in a magnetic compass caused by the vessels magnetism is called _B_1021由于船舶自身的磁性引起的磁罗经误差叫做（）AVariation 磁差BDeviation 自差CCompass error 罗经误差DBearing error 方位误差0688. At the magnetic equator there is no induced magnetism in the vertical soft iron because _ C_ 在地磁赤道上，没有由垂向软铁产生的感应磁性，这是因为（）AThe lines of force cross the equator on a 0-180alignment 在地磁赤道上磁力线与地磁赤道成0-180交角BThe quadrantal error is 0在地磁赤道上象限误差为0CThere is no vertical component of the Earths magnetic field 在地磁赤道上地磁力分量为0DThe intercardinal headings have less than 1 error 在地磁赤道上船艏向在隅点方位上的误差小于10701. The points on the earths surface where the magnetic dip is 90 are _ D_1139地球表面上，磁倾角为90的地区是（）AAlong the magnetic equator 地磁赤道上BConnected by the isoclinal line 由等磁差线连接CThe isopors （isophers）等温线DThe magnetic poles 地磁极1212. The line which connects the points of zero magnetic dip is _B_1068地球表面上各磁倾角为零的点的连线是（）AAn agonic line 零磁差线BThe magnetic equator 磁赤道CA magnetic meridian 磁子午线DAll of the above 以上全是1213. The magnetic compass magnets are acted on by the horizontal component of the Earths total magnetic forceThis magnetic force is GREATEST at the _D_1077磁罗经指针的指向是由地球磁力线的横向分力引起的，该横向分力在（）处最大Anorth magnetic pole 磁极Bsouth magnetic pole 磁南极Cmagnetic prime vertical meridian 大圆磁子午线Dmagnetic equator 磁赤道1220. The total magnetic effects which cause deviation of a vessels compass can be broken down into a series of components which are referred to as _B_ 对船上的磁罗经产生影响的地磁力可分为各种分量，这些分量可叫做（）Adivisional parts分割的部分Bcoefficients 系数Cfractional parts分数的部分Dequations 等式1224. What are the only magnetic compass correctors that correct for both permanent and induced effects of magnetism _B_1336磁罗经校正磁铁中，哪一类校正磁铁既可校正固定磁性又可校正感应磁性（）AQuadrantal spheres 象限软铁球BHeeling magnets 倾斜校正磁铁CAthwartships magnets 横向校正磁铁DFore-and-aft magnets 纵向校正磁铁1227. What is used to correct for both induced and permanent magnetism，and consequently must be readjusted with radical changes in latitude _D_1406下列哪一种校正磁铁既可校正固定磁性，又可校正感应磁性，而且又必须随纬度的急剧变化而重新校正（）AFlinders bar软铁棒BSoft iron spheres 软铁球CFore -and-aft permanent magnets in their trays 托盘中的纵向固定磁铁DHeeling magnet 倾斜校正磁铁1230. When crossing the magnetic equator the _B_1457当通过磁赤道时，（）AFlinders bar should be inverted 应倒转软铁棒的磁极BHeeling magnet should be inverted 应倒转倾斜校正磁铁的磁极CThe quadrantal spheres should be rotated 180 应将象限软铁球旋转180DFlinders bar should be moved to the opposite side of the binnacle 应把软铁棒移到罗经柜的另一面1232. Which compensates for errors introduced when the vessel heels over _C_1560下列哪一种校正磁铁用来校正船舶的倾斜自差（）AThe soft iron spheres on the arms of the binnacle 罗经柜两臂上的象限软铁球BMagnets placed in trays inside the binnacle 罗经柜内的托盘上的磁铁CA single vertical magnet beneath the compass 罗经下方的一根垂直磁铁DThe Flinders bar软铁棒1245. A single vertical magnet placed underneath the compass in the binnacle is used to compensate for _B_194置于罗经柜内罗经下方的垂直磁铁用来校正（）AThe horizontal component of the permanent magnetism永（硬）磁的水平分量BDeviation caused by the vessels inclination from the vertical 由于船舶倾斜引起的自差CInduced magnetism in the horizontal soft iron软铁在水平方向的感应磁性DInduced magnetism in the vertical soft iron软铁在垂直方向的感应磁性1194. A ship under construction or major repair will acquire permanent magnetism due to _A_ while sitting stationary in the earths magnetic field 当船舶在建造或大修时，由于长时间在地球磁场中静止不动，并因（）原因会形成永久性的磁性Ahammering and jarring锤打和震动摇动Bvibration and pounding颤动和重击（拍底）Cvarying magnetic fields 磁场的变化Dstable or permanent magnetism of the ship 船舶内部的稳定或固定的磁性1195. A vessel is heading magnetic east and its magnetic compass indicates a heading of 086Which action should be taken to remove this error during compass adjustment _A_ 某船向地磁正东航行，但该船磁罗经航向显示磁航向为086，在进行罗经校正时你应采取何种措施来消除这种误差（）AIf the blue ends of the magnets are aft，and the fore-and-aft tray is at the top，you should add some magnets 如果磁棒的蓝端向后，且纵向托盘在最上部，你应增加一些磁棒BIf the blue ends of the magnets are aft you should lower the fore-and-aft tray 如果磁棒蓝端向后，你应向下移动纵向托盘CIf the blue ends of the magnets are aft，and the fore-and-aft tray is at the top，you should reverse the magnets 如果如果磁棒的蓝端向后，且纵向托盘在最上部，你应收回一些磁棒DIf the blue ends of the magnets are forward，and the fore-and-aft tray is at the bottom，you should add some magnets 如果如果磁棒的蓝端向前，且纵向托盘在最下部，你应增加一些磁棒磁棒红色的部分上写着S，说明这是磁棒的南极，磁棒蓝色的部分上写着N，说明这是磁棒的北极東東上，西西下，東西下，西東下第一個字表示自差的東或西，亦即“正”或“負”，罗大西、罗小东第二個字表示校正磁棒的紅端朝向羅盤的東或西，第三個字表示向上移或向下移磁棒。1198. By convention，the north seeking ends of a compass magnets are colored _C_ 传统上，磁罗经指北针的尖端部分用什么颜色作标志（）ABlack 黑BBlue 蓝CRed 红DWhite 白磁棒红色的部分上写着S，说明这是磁棒的南极，磁棒蓝色的部分上写着N，说明这是磁棒的北极1196. A vessel is heading magnetic northwest and its magnetic compass indicates a heading of 312What action should be taken to remove this error during compass adjustment _A_ 如果你船向着磁西北315方向航行，但磁罗经航向读数为312，在进行罗经校正时你应采取何种措施来消除这种误差（）AIf the quadrantal spheres are all the way out，replace them with smaller spheres 如果象限软铁球已拉到最外面，则用一个较小的软铁球来替换BIf the quadrantal spheres are all the way in，replace them with larger spheres 如果象限软铁球已推到最里面，则用一个较大的软铁球来替换CIf the quadrantal spheres are all of the way out，move the spheres in 如果象限软铁球已拉到最外面，则向里推一点DIf the quadrantal spheres are all the way out，replace them with larger spheres 如果象限软铁球已拉到最外面，则用一个较大的软铁球来替换利用软铁球进行了象限自差的校正，它的校正口诀是：东南西北大，软铁往里靠，其含义是在东南（SE）或西北（NW）航向上，求自差所测得的罗方位比磁方位大（即西自差），软铁应往罗经靠近，也可以增加软铁片，反之则相反。（东南西北小，软铁往外拉）1197. Any piece of metal on becoming magnetized will develop regions of concentrated magnetism called _B_ 已被磁化的一件铁器，其磁性（磁力线）集中的区域叫做（）Aflux磁力线Bpoles 磁极Cmagnets 磁铁Dazimuth 方位1201. Indications of the master gyrocompass are sent to remote repeaters by the _B_760标准罗经的显示（读数）可通过（）传送到复示器上AFollow-up system 跟踪系统BTransmitter 发送器CPhantom element幻像,幻觉DAzimuth motor 方位马达1209. The Flinders bar and the quadrantal spheres should be tested for permanent magnetism at what interval _C_1034软铁棒和象限软铁球应每隔多长时间测试一次，以测试其磁性（）AThey are not subject to permanent magnetism; no check is necessary 这些东西的磁性是固定不变的，无需检查BSemiannually 每半年CAnnually 每年DEvery five years 每五年1210. The Flinders bar on a magnetic compass compensates for the _A_1035磁罗经中的软铁棒是用来校正（）的AInduced magnetism in vertical soft iron 垂向软铁引起的感应磁性BInduced magnetism in horizontal soft iron 水平软铁引起的感应磁性CPermanent magnetism in ships steel 船舶钢铁中的永磁DVessels inclination from the vertical 船舶垂向倾斜1211. The gyrocompass error resulting from your vessels movement in OTHER than an east-west direction is called _D_船舶在除东西航向以外的其他航向上运动，由此引起的电罗经误差叫做（）ADamping error 潮湿误差BBallistic deflection弹道偏差CQuadrantal error 象限误差DSpeed error 速度误差1214. The magnetism in the various structures of a ship changing as a result of cruising，vibration，or aging is termed _B_ 在船体内部各个部分，因船舶四处巡航、船体振动或船体老化而引起的船体内部磁性的变化，叫做（）Apermanent magnetism 固定磁性Bsubpermanent magnetism 次固定磁性Cinduced magnetism 感应磁性Dvariable magnetism 变化不定的磁性1215. The most accurate method of determining gyrocompass error while underway is by _A_ 船舶在航中，确定电罗经误差的最精确的方法是通过（）来确定AComparing the gyro azimuth of a celestial body with the computed azimuth of the body 比较天体的电罗经实测方位及天体的计算方位BComparing the gyro heading with the magnetic compass heading 比较船首电罗经航向和船首磁罗经航向CDetermining from the chart the course made good between celestial fixes 通过在海图上比较实际航迹线有天文定位连线DIt cannot be determined accurately at sea due to drift of unknown currents 在航时，由于未知海流的流压影响，无法准确确定1216. The MOST important feature of the material used for making the binnacle of a standard magnetic compass is that it is _A_1107用于制造标准罗经的材料，其最重要的一个特性是（）Anonmagnetic非磁性的Bweatherproof 水密Ccorrosion resistant 防腐Dcapable of being permanently affixed to the vessel 可永久性地固定到船上1217. The permanent magnetism of a vessel may change in polarity due to _B_ 船磁的磁极会因（）而变化ABeing moored for a long time on one heading 在码头上长时间停泊，艏向不变BBeing struck by lighting 被闪电击到CSteaming from the north magnetic hemisphere to the south magnetic hemisphere 从地磁北半球开往南半球DLoading a homogenous magnetic cargo such as steel plate，iron bars，etc 装载同一种感磁货物1218. The principal purpose of adjustment of the magnetic compass is to eliminate _C_ as far as possible 磁罗经校正的主要目的是尽可能消除磁罗经的（）AVariation 磁差BCompass error 罗经差CDeviation 自差DEarths magnetic force 地球磁力1219. The quadrantal spheres are used to _A_1157象限软铁球用于（）ARemove deviation on the intercardinal headings 用于消除隅点航向上的自差BRemove deviation on the cardinal compass headings 用于消除基点上的自差CRemove heeling error 用于消除倾斜误差DCompensate for induced magnetism in vertical soft iron 用于抵消垂直软铁引起的感应磁性罗经点法(compass point method)以正北为基准，将地面真地平划分为32等分，得出32个方向点，每一个方向点称为一个罗经点；四个基点(cardinal point)：北(N)、东(E)、南(S)、西(W)为；四个隅点(intercardinal point)：北东(NE)、南东(SE)、南西(SW)和北西(NW)八个三字点(intermedicate point false point)：即北北东(NNE)、东北东(ENE) 西北西(WNW)和北北西(NNW)；十六个偏点(by point)：北偏东(N/E)、北东偏北(NE/N)、北东偏东(NE/E)、东偏北(E/N) 北西偏北(NW/N)、北偏西(N/W)。由于罗经点划分得不够精确，目前仅用它来表示风、流的方向。1221. The variation for most given areas undergoes _A_ change，the amount of which is also noted on charts 大多数特定区域的磁差会发生（）变化，有关这些变化的数值也标在海图上Aan annual 年度Ba constant 固定的Ca variable 可变的Dan unstable 不稳定的1222. This induced magnetism _C_ the permanent magnetism already present in the ship 应将感应磁性（）在船上已有的固定磁性上Awill add to 加在Bwill subtract from减去Cmay add to or subtract from加上或减去Dwill not change 将不变1223. Variation in a compass is caused by _B_1310磁罗经磁差是由（）引起的AWorn gears in the compass housing磁罗经壳体上的磨损部件BMagnetism from the earths magnetic field 由地球磁场引起的磁性CMagnetism within the vessel 船体内部的磁性DLack of oil in the compass bearings 罗经支承缺少润滑油1225. What is an advantage of the magnetic compass aboard vessels _C_1360船上磁罗经有什么优点（）ACompass error is negligible at or near the earths magnetic poles 在地球磁极及其附近，罗经误差可忽略不计BIt does not have to be checked as often 无需经常检查CIt is reliable due to its essential simplicity 由于其原理简单，所以可靠DAll points on the compass rose are readily visible 罗经花上的所有各点都清晰可见1226. What is the basic principle of the magnetic compass _A_ 磁罗经的基本原理是（）AMagnetic materials of the same polarity repel each other and those of opposite polarity attract 磁极同性相斥，异性相吸BThe Earths magnetic lines of force are parallel to the surface of the Earth 地球磁力线与地球表面平行CMagnetic meridians connect points of equal magnetic variation 连接所有磁差相等的各点的连线是磁子午线DThe compass needle（s）will，when properly compensated，lie parallel to the isogonic lines of the Earth 如经适当校正，磁罗经的指针平行于等磁差线1228. When a magnetic compass is not in use for a prolonged period of time it should _A_ 如磁罗经长时间不使用，应（）ABe shielded from direct sunlight 加以遮盖，避免日晒BBe locked into a constant heading把指针锁定在固定航向上CHave any air bubbles replaced with nitrogen 用氮气消除罗经盘中的空气DHave the compensating magnets removed 移除校正磁铁1229. When a vessel changes course from one cardinal heading to another cardinal heading while adjusting the compass，which action should be taken _B_ 当在校正磁罗经自差时，如船舶从某一基点改变到另一基点，应采取什么行动（）AThe course change should be made rapidly to prevent transient 瞬间induced magnetism while passing the intercardinal headings当通过隅点时，应迅速改变航向以避免瞬间感应磁性的变化BAfter the new heading is reached，the vessel should steam on that course for at least two minutes before the adjustment 达到新航向后，进行自差校正前应保持航向至少两分钟CDuring the course change，you should gently tap the compass to remove any error caused by friction on the pivot bearing 变向过程中，你应轻拍罗经，以消除罗经中因支架的磨擦力而引起的误差DAfter steadying on the new heading，the compass card should be slewed by a magnet旋转and allowed to oscillate摆动freely to remove any gaussian error 把定在新航向后，你应用一块磁铁把罗经刻度盘左右旋转几次，以便消除斯误差1231. When relieving the helm，the new helmsman should know the _A_1505当交接班时，新接班的舵工应知道（）ACourse per magnetic steering compass 磁罗经航向BGyro error 电罗经误差CVariation 磁差DMaximum rudder angle previously used 以前所使用过的最大舵角1233. Which magnetic compass corrector（s）can be set while the vessel is on a heading of magnetic north or magnetic south _B_1597当船舶向着磁南或磁北航行时，可使用下列哪一种校正磁铁（）AQuadrantal spheres 象限软铁球BHeeling magnets 倾斜校正磁铁CFlinders bar软铁棒DFore-and-aft magnets 纵向校正磁铁1234. Which magnetic compass corrector（s）CANNOT be set on a heading of magnetic east or magnetic west _A_1598当船舶向东或向西航行时，不能使用下列哪一种校正磁铁（）AHeeling magnet倾斜校正磁铁BFlinders bar软铁棒CFore-and-aft magnets纵向磁棒DAll of the above can be set on magnetic east or magnetic west headings 当艏向为东或西时，上述各种校正磁铁均可1235. Which statement about the Flinders bar of the magnetic compass is CORRECT _A_1638下列有关磁罗经软铁棒的说法哪一句正确（）AIt compensates for the error caused by the vertical component of the Earths magnetic field 软铁棒垂直软铁棒用来校正由地球磁场力的垂向分量引起死的磁罗经误差BIt compensates for error caused by the heeling of a vessel 软铁棒用来校正由于船舶的倾斜而引起的磁罗经误差CIt compensates for quadrantal deviation软铁棒用来校正象限自差DIt is only needed in equatorial waters软铁棒仅在磁赤道时需要1236. Which statement about the gyrocompass is FALSE _A_1639下列有关陀螺罗经的说法哪一句错误（）AIts accuracy remains the same at all latitudes 在地球各纬度上，其准确性都是一样的BIt seeks the true meridian 陀螺罗经指向真子午线CIt can be used near the Earths magnetic poles 陀螺罗经可在地磁极附近使用DIf an error exists，it is the same on all headings 如有误差存在，误差值在各个船首线上都一样1244. A compass card without north-seeking capability that is used for relative bearings is a（n）_B_68罗经上用来测量相对方位的，且不能固定指北的罗经刻度盘叫做（）ABearing circle 支承环BPelorus方位盘CBearing bar 支承条DAlidade 带望远镜的方位镜二一年十一月十日星期三09241246. A system