美国文学史习题

AmericanLiteratureChapter1TheRomanticPeriodI.Choosetherightanswer:1.Ofallthefollowingissues,_isdefinitelyNOTthefocusoftheRomanticwritersintheAmericanliteraryhistory.A.PuritanmoralityB.HumanbestialityC.NoblesavagesD.Divinityofman2.HenryDavidThoreauswork,_,hasalwaysbeenregardedasamasterpieceoftheNewEnglandTranscendentalMovement.A.WaldenB.ThePioneersC.NatureD.SongofMyself3.Nothingisatlastsacredbuttheintegrityofyourownmindisafamousquotefrom_swritings.A.WaltWhitmanB.HenryDavidThoreauC.HermanMelvilleD.RalphWaldoEmerson4.LeavesofGrasscommandsgreatattentionbecauseofitsuniquelypoeticembodimentof_,whicharewritteninthefoundingdocumentsofboththeRevolutionaryWarandtheAmericanCivilWar.A.thedemocraticidealsB.theromanticidealsC.theself-reliancespiritsD.thereligiousideals5.AccordingtoWhitman,thegenuineparticipationofapoetinacommonculturaleffortwastobehaveasasupreme_.A.democratB.individualistC.romanticistD.leader6.TheperiodbeforetheAmericanCivilWarisgenerallyreferredtoas_.A.TheNaturalistPeriodB.TheModernPeriodC.TheRomanticPeriodD.TheRealisticPeriod7.Inthefollowingworks,whichsignthebeginningoftheAmericanliterature?A.TheSketchBookB.LeavesofGrassC.LeatherStockingTalesD.AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn8._istheauthoroftheworkTheLegendofSleepyHollow.A.WashingtonIrvingB.JamesJoyceC.WaltWhitmanD.WilliamButlerYeats9.Washington Irvings RipVanWinkleisfamousfor_.A.RipsescapeintoamysteriousB.ThestorysGermanlegendarysourcematerialC.RipsseekingforhappinessD.Rips20-yearssleep10.WhichofthefollowingstatementisnottrueaboutWashingtonIrving?A.WashingtonIrvingisregardedasFatheroftheAmericanshortstories.B.IrvingsrelationshipwiththeOldWorldintermsofhisliteraryimaginationcanhardlybeignoredconsideringhissuccessbothabroadandathome.C. Irvings tastewasessentiallyprogressiveorradical.D.WashingtonIrvinghasalwaysbeenregardedasawriterwhoperfectedthebestclassicstylethatAmericanliteratureeverproduced.11.ThePublicationof_establishedEmersonasthemosteloquentspokesmanofNewEnglandTranscendentalism.A.NatureB.Self-RelianceC.TheAmericanScholarD.TheOver-Soul12.Thephraseatransparenteye-ballcomparesphilosophicalmentationofEmersons.Itappearsin_.A.TheAmericanScholarB.NatureC.TheoverSoulD.Essays:SecondSeries13.In1837,RalphWaldoEmersonmadeaspeechentitled_atHarvard,whichwashailedbyOliverWendellHolmeasas:OurIntellectualDeclarationofIndependence.A.Self-RelianceB.DivinitySchoolAddressC.TheAmericanScholarD.Nature14._isthemostambivalent(有争议的)writersintheAmericanliteraryhistory.A.NathanielHawthorneB.WaltWhitmanC.RalphWaldoEmersonD.MarkTwain15.Thereisevilineveryhumanheart,whichmayremainlatent,perhaps,throughthewholelife;butcircumstancesmayrouseittoactivity,whichauthorofthefollowingauthorsdoesthementionbelongto_.A.WashingtonIrvingB.RalphWaldoEmersonC.NathanielHawthorneD.WaltWhitman16.InHawthornesnovelsandshortstories,intellectualsusuallyappearas_.A.saviorsB.villainsC.commentatorsD.observers17.AllofthefollowingareworksbyNathanielHawthorneexcept_.A.TheHouseoftheSevenGablesB.WhiteJacketC.TheMarbleFaunD.TheBlithedaleRomance18.WaltWhitmanisradicallyinnovativeintheformofhispoetry.Whatheprefersforhisnewsubjectis_.A.freeverseB.blankverseC.lyricpoemD.heroiccouplet19.WhichofthefollowingfeaturescannotcharacterizepoemsbyWaltWhitman?A.Lyricalandwell-structuredB.Free-flowingC.SimpleandrathercrudeD.Conversationalandcasual20.Thehorizonsedge,theflyingsea-crow,thefragranceofsaltmarshandshoremud.Thesebecamepartofthatchildwhowentfortheveryday,andwhonowgoes,andwillalwaysgofortheveryday.Thetwolinesaretakenfrom_.A.ThereWasaChildWentForthbyWaltWhitmanB.InaStationoftheMetrobyEzraPoundC.CavalryCrossingaFordbyWaltWhitmanD.UlyssesbyJoyce21.MobyDickisregardedasthefirstAmerican_.A.ProseepicB.ComicepicC.DramaticfictionD.Poeticfiction22.ThegiantMobyDickmaysymbolizeallEXCEPT_.A.mysteryoftheuniverseB.sinofthewhaleC.powerofthegreatNatureD.eviloftheworld23.WhichofthefollowingcommentsonthewritingsbyHermanMelvilleisnottrue?A.Bartleby,theScrivenerisashortstory.B.Benito Cereno isanovella.C.TheConfidence-Manhassomethingtodowiththeseaandsailors.D.Moby-DickisregardedasthefirstAmericanproseepic.24.TheTranscendentalistsbelievethat,first,natureisennobling,andsecond,theindividualis_,therefore,self-reliant.A.insignificantB.viciousbynatureC.divineD.forward-lookingAnswer:15BADBD610CBADC1115ABCAC1620BBAAA2124ABCCII.Readthequotedpartandanswerthequestions:1.TimegrewworseandworsewithRipVanWinkleasyearsofmatrimonyrolledon:atarttempermellowswithage,andasharptongueistheonlyedgetoolthatgrowskeenerbyconstantuse.Foralongwhileheusedtoperpetualclubofthesages,philosophers,andotheridlepersonagesofthevillage.Questions:1)Pleaseidentifytheauthorandthetitleofthework.2)Whatsthemeaningofthispassage?参考答案:1)ThisisanexcerptfromRipVanWinklebyWashingtonIrving.(P408)2)Withhiswifesdominanceathome,thesituationbecameharderandharderforRipVanWinkle.Hiswifestemperbecameworseandshescoldedhimformoreoften.Hehadtostayintheclubwithidlepeople.(P407)附:Question:PleasedescribethechangesRipVanWinkleexperienced.Answer:1)RipVanWinklewastheheroinIrvingsworks.Hewasagood-naturedman,ahenpecked(惧内的，妻管严的)husband.2)Becausehiswifesshrewish(泼妇一样的)treatment,Riphadtoescapefromhishometothelittleinninthevillage.Whenitfailedtogivehimsomerestfulair,hehadtogohuntinginthehighmountain,whereRipmetastranger,andthemanaskedRiptocarrykegforhim.ThenRipreachedtheplaceinthevalley,wheremanystrangerswereplayingnine-pins.LaterRipgotdrunkafterdrinkingtheliquor,whichmadehimsleepfor20years.3)Ripwokeupasanoldman,enteringthevillagelearnedthathiswifehaddied,hegotthefreedomofhisown,;andtheAmericanhadbeendependentfromthecontrolofBritain,hehadchangedfromasubjectoftheKing(GeorgeIII)intoacitizenoftheindependentnewU.S.2.Icelebratedmyself,andsingmyself,AndwhatIassumeyoushallassume,ForeveryatombelongingtomeasgoodbelongstoyouQuestions:1)Pleaseidentifytheauthorandthetitleofthepoemthathadusedwhenpublished.2)Whatisthethemeofthispoem?参考答案:1)Inthe1856,thetitlewasPoemofWaltWhitman,anAmerican,thenitbecameWaltWhitmanin1860,until1881,itfinallybecameSongofMyself.TheauthorisWaltWhitman.(P456-457)2)InthispoemWhitmansetsforthtwoprinciplebeliefs:A.Thetheoryofuniversality(普遍性),whichisillustratedbylengthycataloguesofpeopleandthings;B.Thebeliefinthesingularity(个别性)andequality(平等性)ofallbeingsinvalue.(P457)3.Standingonthebareground,-myheadbathedbytheblitheair,andupliftedintoinfinitespace,-allmeanegotismvanishes.Ibecomeatransparenteye-ball.Iamnothing.Iseeall.Questions:1)Pleaseidentifytheauthorandthetitleofthework.2)Pleasebrieflyinterpretthispassage.3).Whatrhetoricaldeviceoftransparenteye-ball.4)Emersonsaidhewanttobecomeatransparenteye-ball,whatkingideadidhewanttoexpress?参考答案:1)ThisselectionisfromNaturebyEmerson.(P427)2)IntheessayEmersonclearlyexpressesthemainprinciplesofhisTranscendentalistpursuitandhislovefornature.EmersondevelopshisconceptofOver-SoulOrUniversalMind.Lastbutnottheleas,itaffirmsthedivinityofthehumanbeings.(P423)3)Itusedthedeviceofmetaphor.(P423)4)Hewantedtotellus:Naturecanpurify(净化)ourqualityandletusgetcomfort.(P243)III.Questionsandanswers:1.TheRomanticPeriodwascalledTheAmericanRenaissance.DiscussthebackgroundoftheRomanticPeriod,andcompareitwiththeRomanticismofBritain.Answer:1)ThetwoRomanticismbothstresstheimaginativeandemotionalqualitiesofliterature;2)Theyallpayattentiontopsychicstatesofthecharactersandexalttheindividualandcommonman;3)AmericanRomanticismrevealeduniquecharacteristics:(difference)Americanauthorsdescribetheirnativeland,especiallythespiritofthepioneeringintothewest,thedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturntonature;Americanwritersuselocaldialectinlanguage;PuritanismhasgreatinfluenceoverAmericanRomantics;Calvinismoforiginalsinisobviousintheirworks;TranscendentalismisveryimportanttheoryinAmericanRomanticism;TheimportantsettinginAmericanRomanticismare:theearlypuritansettlement;theconfrontationwiththeIndians;thefrontiersmenslife;thewildwest;imagination.(P399402)2.ExplainthetheoryofTranscendentalism,thenlistitsimportantauthorandworks.Answer:TranscendentalismisaveryimportanttheoryinAmericanRomanticism,itsmainideasare:1)Manhasthecapacityofknowingtruthintuitively,ortheabilityofgettingknowledgetranscendingthesenses;2)Natureisennoblingandindividualisdivine,therefore,manshouldbeself-reliant.3)Manisdivine/holyandperfectibleandmancantrusthimselftodecidewhatisrightandactaccordingly;(buttoHawthorneandMelvillemanisasinner);4)Universeisover-soul-asymbolofthespirit,Godortheuniverse,thereisanemotionalcommunicationbetweenanindividualsoulandtheuniversalover-soul-unityofNature.5)Theimportantauthorsare:Emerson(TheAmericanScholar)andThoreau.6)Nature,Emersonsworks,iscalledtheunofficialmanifestofortheclub.(P421P422)3.WashingtonIrvingwascalledFatheroftheAmericanshortstoriesandtheAmericanGoldsmith.Whatcharacteristicsdidhehave?Answer:1)Hewasnostalgicauthor,andhealwaysjuxtaposingtheOldandtheNewworld;2)Heremainedaconservativeandalwaysexaltedadisappearingpast,andhepreferthepasttopresent,preferadream-likeworldtoarealone;3)Hisstorieswerealwaysfromlegend,especiallyGermanlegends,showingbestclassicstyle.(P405406)4.SeaadventuresareMelvillesfavoritesubject;Moby-Dickisagreatnovelinthetheme,whichisalsonotedforitssymbolism,pleaseanalyzeitindetail.Answer:1)Abouttheseaadventure:itsymbolsthevoyageofthemindinquestofthetruthandknowledgeoftheuniverse;aspiritexplorationintomansdeeprealityandpsychology;2)Abouttheboat;itsymbolsthesociety,andthecrewsymbolallkindsofpeoplewithdifferentsocialandethnicideas;3)Aboutthewhitewhale:Totheauthor,itsymbolsnature,itisacomplex,unfathomableandbeautiful;TothecaptainAhab,itisevilness,isawall.Sohewillleadallhiscrewtocutthroughthewalltodigoutalltheunknown,mysteriousthingsbehindit.Tothenarrator,Ishmael,itisamystery.(P460461)5.WaltWhitmanisauniquepoet.Canyouexplainwhatmakehimunique?Answer:1)Histhemesare:Democracy;theRevolutionaryWarandtheCivilWar;freedom;openness;brotherhood;individualism;thegrowthofindustryandthewealthofthecities;universality.2)Hisstylesarespecial:freeverse;catalogue;simpleandevencrudelanguage.Chapter2TheRealisticPeriodI.Choosetherightanswer:1.EmilyDickinsonwassometimescuriousaboutthefeelingofspeechofdeathandinoneofherpoemsshewroteaboutthe_ofdeath,thetitleofthepoemisIheardaFlybuzzwhenIdied.A.momentB.sufferingC.happinessD.meaning2.TheodoreDreiserbelongedtotheschoolofliterary_whichemphasizedheredityandenvironmentasimportantdeterministicforcesshapingindividualizedcharacterswhowerepresentedinspecialanddetailedcircumstances.A.naturalismB.realismC.determinismD.humanism3.MorethanfivehundredpoemsthatDickinsonwroteareaboutnature,inwhichhergeneral_abouttherelationshipbetweenmanandnatureiswellexpressed.A.skepticismB.eulogyC.happinessD.denial4.ThisismylettertotheWorldisapoemexpressingEmilyDickinsons_abouthercommunicationwiththeoutsideworld.A. happiness B.Anger C.AnxietyD.sorrow5.Thoughsecludedherselfinherownhouse,EmilyDickinsonwasneverreallyindifferentoftheoutsideworld,ascouldbeseeninherpoemssuchasIliketoseeitlaptheMiles,whichdescribesa(n)_,anembodimentofmoderncivilization.A.snakeB.animalC.theroadD.train6.AfterTheAdventureofTomSawyer,TwaingivesaliteraryindependencetoTomsbuddyHuckinabookcalled_,andthebookfromwhichallmodernAmericanliteraturecomes.A.LifeontheMississippiRiverB.TheGildedAgeC.AdventuresofHuckleberryFinnD.TheSunAlsoRises7.Winterbourneisusedasa_inHenryJamessDaisyMiller.A.ProtagonistB.NarratoroftheeventsC.AcharacterofcentralconsciousnessD.Persona8.EmilyDickinsonsverseismostaptlycharacterizedas_.A.exposingtheevilsofthesocietyB.pavingthewayforthefollowinggenerationoffreeversepoetsC.sharingthesamepoeticconventionsasWaltWhitmanD.exhibitingsensitivenesstothesymbolicimplicationsofexperience,suchaslove,death,immortalityandetc.9.TheauthorofThePortraitofaLadyisbestat_.A.probingintotheunsearchedsecretpartofhumanlifeB.atruthfuldelineationofthemotives,theimpulses,theprinciplesthatshapethelivesofactualmenandwomen.C.adramatizingthecollisionsbetweentwoverydifferentculturalsystemsonaninternationalsceneD.disclosingthesocialinjusticesandevilsofacivilizedsocietyaftertheCivilWar.10.Theperiodrangingfrom1865to1914hasbeenreferredtoas_.A.theAgeofRealismB.theAgeofModernismC.theAgeofRomanticismD.theAgeofColonicalism11.Whoexertsthesimplemostimportantinfluenceonliterarynaturalism?A.EmersonB.JackLondonC.TheodoreDreiserD.Darwin12.OneofthemostfamiliarthemesinAmericannaturalismisthethemeofhuman_.A.bestialityB.goodnessC.compassionD.greed13._isconsideredbyH.L.Menckenasthetruefatherofournationalliterature.A.HemingwayB.PoeC.IrvingD.Twain14.MarkTwainwrotemostofhisliteraryworkswitha_language.A.grandB.pompousC.simpleD.vernacular15.HenryJamessfamegenerallyrestsuponhisnovelsandstorieswith_.A.internationalthemeB.nationalthemeC.EuropeanthemeD.Regionaltheme16.Inthefollowingwriters,whoisgenerallyregardedastheforerunnerofthe20thcenturyStream-of-consciousnessnovelsandthefounderofpsychologicalrealism_.A.HenryJamesB.MarkTwainC.EmilyDickensonD.TheodoreDreiser17.InHenryJamesDaisyMiller,theauthortriestoportraytheyoungwomanasanembodimentof_.A.thecorruptionofthenewlyrichB.thefreespiritoftheNewWorldC.thedeclineofaristocracyD.theforceofconvention18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTausualsubjectofpoeticexpressionofEmilyDickinsons?A.WarandpeaceB.LoveandmarriageC.LifeanddeathD.Religion19.Thefollowingtitlesareallrelatedtothesubjectthatescapesfromthesocietyandreturnstonatureexcept_.A. Dreisers SisterCarrieB.CoppersLeather-StockingTalesC.ThoreausWaldenD.MarkTwainsTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn20.ThegreatestworkwrittenbyTheodoreDreiseris_.A.SisterCarrieB.AnAmericanTragedyC.TheFinancierD.TheTitan21.CloselyrelatedtoEmilyDickinsonsreligiouspoetryareherpoemsconcerning_.A.ChildhoodB.YouthandhappinessC.LonelinessD.Deathandimmortality22.WithHowells,James,andMarkTwainactiveontheliteraryscene,_becamethemajortrendinAmericanliteratureintheseventiesandeightiesofthe19thcentury.A.sentimentalismB.romanticismC.realismD.naturalismAnswer：15AAACD610CCDCA1115DADDA1620BAABD2122DCII.Readthequotedpartandanswerthequestions:1.Itwasacloseplace.Itookitup,andhelditinmyhand.Iwasatrembling,becauseIdgottodecide,forever,betwixttowthings,andIknowedit.Istudiedaminute,sortofholdingmybreath,andthensaystomyself:Allright,then,Illgotohell-andtoreitup.Itwasawfulthoughts,andawfulwords,buttheywassaid.AndIletthemstaysaid;andneverthoughnomoreaboutreforming.1)WhowastheI,whichbookwasthepassagetakenfrom?Andbywhom?2)Whydidhethinkitwasawfulthought?Analyzeit.3)Analyzethecharacteristicofthehero.Answer:1)ThecharacterisHuckleberryFinn,thepassageistakenfromAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnbyMarkTwain.2)Itisth