Book-3-module-1-Europe-知识点

山东省沾化二中2012级高一课时学案学科： 英语 姓名： 组别： 编号： 使用时间： 年 月 日课题Book 3 Module 1 EuropeLanguage Points编制人王英审核人高一英语组学习目标1.单词：重点讲解 range; situated; opposite; sign2.词组：in terms of ,ever since, on the other hand3.句型：Twenty percent of the country is covered by islands.【课前预习案】1. The United Kingdom is an island in northwest Europe off the coast of continental Europe.联合王国是一个位于欧洲西北部欧洲大陆外的一个岛国。研读以下句子或短语，注意其词性、词组和句型结构，归纳在以下横线处： (1) an island off the coast of southeast东南沿海的一个岛屿(2)The ship anchored one mile off the harbor.那艘船停泊在离港口一英里的海面上. (3) drive off 开走 (4)She took off her shoes.她脱掉鞋子。(5)cut off the gas 关上煤气(6)Turn the light off.把灯关掉。(7)12 nautical miles off 12海里以外(8)With only one day off in a week, working people had barely enough time to arrange the household.一周休息一天时,上班族只能有时间勉强安排家务。 (9)Keep off the grass.勿踏草坪。(10)Take the curtains off their hooks.把窗帘从挂钩上取下来。(11)Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.两个男子把这个包裹从飞机上取下,提着进了海关大楼。(12)We are going off the subject.我们离题了。2. France is Europes third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English Channel.法国是欧洲的第三大国，与联合王国隔英吉利海峡相望。face v面向；面对；面临；应付 n脸；相貌；表情；表面；正面(回归课本P1)France is Europes third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English Channel.法国是欧洲的第三大国，隔英吉利海峡与英国相望。例句探源The building faces the big river. 这座建筑面向大河。He couldnt face driving all the way to Los Angeles. 他可受不了一直开车到洛杉矶。Faced with robbers，she kept calm. 面对强盗，她保持着镇静。If Tom doesnt keep his promise，hell lose face. 如果汤姆不信守诺言，他就会丢面子。即境活用1._with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.AFaced BFace CFacing DTo face解析：选A。be faced with sth.意为“面临着”，作状语时，要用faced with sth.。facing作状语时，表示面对着或面向，不与介词with连用。to face作目的状语时，表示做某事的目的。2_the global financial crisis，the Chinese government has taken many measures _ peoples life to deal with it.AFacing with；related BFaced；relating toCFaced with；relating DFacing；related to解析：选D。句意是：中国政府面临全球性金融危机，已采取了许多与民生有关的措施来应对。表示“面对”时，用faced with和facing皆可；第二个空只能用related to表示“与有关的”。3. 研读以下句子或短语，注意其中across与 through的区别。(1)a bridge across the river 一座横跨河上的桥(2)Erna Hart is going to swim _ the English Channel tomorrow.欧娜哈特准备明天游泳横渡英吉利海峡。(3)the house across the street 街道对面的房子(4)We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。(5)We walked _ the market to the truck park.我们穿过市场到了卡车停车场。(6)The thief got in _ the window.窃贼是通过窗户进来的。4. Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast, about five hundred kilometers east of the Spanish capital, Madrid. 巴塞罗纳位于西班牙东北海岸,在首都马德里以东约500公里处，是西班牙的第二大城市。 (1) China is the _ _ country in the world. 中国是世界上第三大国家。(2)The Huanghe River is the _ _ river in China.黄河是中国的第二长河。(3)The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city.乌飞齐美术馆是城市中最出名的画廊。(4)Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the worlds most powerful city.在2,400年以前，它是世界的最强大的城市。5. The art of making things out of stone and wood, etc.用木头和石头制造东西的艺术。 (1)This spade is made of iron.这把铲子是用铁做的。(2)He made a model plane out of wood. = He _ wood _ a model plane.他用木头做了一架模型飞机。(3)This type of machine is made _ China.这种类型的机器是中国制造的.(4)Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒由葡萄制成的。A TV set is made _ _ many parts. 电视机由很多零件组成。6. France and Germany arent going to sign the agreement. 法国和德国不打算签署协议。 (1)They have made an agreement about the plan. 他们在这个计划上意见一致了。(2) His opinion is in agreement with mine. 他的意见和我的一致。 (3)arrive at/come to/reach/make an agreement 达成协议；取得一致意见(4)by agreement 同意, 依约(5)conclude/enter into an agreement 订约(6)gentlemans agreement 君子协定(7)in agreement with 符合., 照., 同意, (和).一致 (8)We have been having a few disagreements in the committee lately.我们委员会中近来发生了一些争执。7.【教材原句】Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.(P1)意大利在欧洲的南端，位于地中海沿岸。【句法分析】表示“某物在哪个方向”可用south/west/north/east等，构成如下几种表达方式。(1).is in the south of在的南部(在内部).is on the south of在南边(接壤).is to the south of在以南(在外部，不接壤).is south of在南部(不指明在内部还是在外部)(2)把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放到句首，句子用倒装语序。Guangdong is in the south of China.广东在中国的南部。Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong.江苏在山东南面。Mexico is(on the)south of the US.墨西哥位于美国的南面。East of our school lies a railway.我们学校东面有一条铁路。即境活用3_of the Pacific Ocean_Canada.AThe east；liesBEast；liesCTo the east；does lie DOn the east；does lie解析：选B。当方位词位于句首时，要使用倒装，且方位词前不使用冠词。4.In the dark forests_，some large enough to hold several English towns.Astand many lakes Blie many lakesCmany lakes lie Dmany lakes stand解析：选B。地点状语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装，stand一般表示高大的东西，而此处说的是lakes，故用lie。【课堂探究案】1. Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called the Alps.在意大利和法国之间，有座称为阿尔卑斯山脉的山。range作为名词，意为“山脉；范围，幅度”The price of the house is well beyond our range. 这所房子的价格远远超出了我们所能够承受的范围。The range of his power was immense. 他的权势很大。The student has a very _ _ of interests. 那个学生的兴趣非常广泛。range作为动词，意为“（在某一范围内）变动，变化”range from to 变化范围从到range betweenand 变化范围在与之间There are 100 students _ ages range _10 _20. 有100名学生，年龄在10到20岁之间。The population of this city ranges between 3 and 5 million inhabitants.该市人口总数在300万到500万之间。【例1】(2010湖北) This restaurant has become popular for its wide _ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. A. division B. area C. range D. circle解析：本题目考查名词辨析：division意为“分开，划分；部门；分界线，界限”； area意为“地区，区域；面积”；range意为“山脉；范围，幅度”；circle意为“圆；循环，周期”；句意：这家餐馆很受欢迎，因为它有适合各种口味和各种消费层次的食物。依据句意理解，则选用C项。2. Paris is the capital and largest city of France，situated on the River Seine. (课本P2)巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。situated adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的；(人)处于境遇/地位的归纳总结(1)be badly/well situated境况困难/良好,(2) be situated on/in/at.位于的；坐落在的；处于地位/境遇/状态的situate vt.使坐落/建于某处situation n.立场；局势；地理位置；形势,in a.situation在形势下；处于状况中例句探源Microsoft is well situated to exploit this new market.微软具备良好的条件开拓这个新市场。His parents died in an accident and left him an orphan.He was badly situated at the moment.他的父母死于一场意外事故，他成了孤儿，目前处境艰难。That is a small town _ just (to the) south of Cleveland.那是一个地处克利夫兰以南的小城。The company wants to situate its headquarters in the north.那个公司想把总部设在北方。(朗文P1919)What would you do if you were _ _ _?假如你处于我的情况，你会怎么办？易混辨析situate，locate，lie，stand(1)situate动词形式比较少用，一般用过去分词作形容词。此时相当于be located，表示“位于某处”。同时也可用于描述人或事物，意为“处于境况的”，be located 无此义。(2)locate表示“确定某物位置”，可以用被动形式或主动形式。(3)lie指有一定面积的某物“延伸在(到)”；另外，也可以意为“躺”。(4)stand指有一定高度的建筑等“矗立，站立”在某处。四个词后面的介词用in表示在某范围内；to表示在某范围外；on表示相邻或在上面；off表示离开一段距离在不远的地方。The big city is situated on the coast of Huanghai Sea.The small village，located/situated at the foot of the mountain，has become a holiday resort.Hainan Province，lies/is_located/is situated in the south of China.There stands a tall tower on the top of the mountain.【例2】Having six children and no income，the widow was badly_.AsituatingBlocated Csituated Dlocating解析：选C。句意有“有六个孩子，又没有收入，这个寡妇处境困难。”3. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.他们的工作至今影响着其他的作家。 (1)We have been friends _ _. 自此以后我们一直是朋友。(2)I have been there many times since the war. 自那次战争以来，我曾去该地多次。 (3) _ _, he has developed another bad habit.自那以后,它养成了另一种坏习惯。(4)What have you been doing since I last saw you? 自我上次和你见面以后，你在做什么？ (5)It is two years _ I _.我毕业已经两年了。4. opposite adj.相对的，对面的；对立的，相反的；对等的，对应的 n相反的事物，对立的人(或物)；反面 prep. 在对面(回归课本P4)例句探源Black and white are opposites. 黑和白正好相反。The library is on the opposite side of the road from the school.图书馆在学校马路对面。(郎文P1376)Marthas not shy at alljust the opposite in fact.玛莎一点都不腼腆，事实上正好相反。(朗文P1376)The people sitting opposite us looked very familiar.坐在我们对面的人看上去很面熟。易混辨析opposite，contrary(1)opposite指“位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等对立的、相反的”。(2)contrary指“两物朝相反的方向发展”，含有“互相冲突，不一致”的意思。on the contrary“相反”。“True” and “false” have opposite meanings.Your plan is contrary to mine.【例3】There is a fine little caf _this house. Cross the street and youll be there.Aon the contrary ofBopposite to Cin front of Dopposite from解析：选B。从后一句话的意思分析，咖啡馆在街对面，故选用B项。【例4】The school _ the hospital.Aopposite Bopposite to Cis opposite to Dis the opposite解析：选C。句意“学校在医院对面”。5. sign v签署；签名；示意，打手势 n. 符号；标记；手势；征兆(回归课本P7)France and Germany arent going to sign the agreement.法国和德国将不会签订协议。例句探源You forgot to sign the check.你忘了在支票上签字。He _ to me to be quiet.他向我打手势，让我安静。For safety reasons，please _ _ when you arrive at the building，and sign out when you leave.基于安全考虑，请在抵达大楼时签到，离去时签退。A red sky at sunset is a sign of good weather.日落时的晚霞是好天气的征兆。易混辨析symbol，sign，signal，mark均含“标志，象征，符号”之意。(1)symbol指作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。(2)sign普通用词，指人们公认的事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。(3)signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号。(4)mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。All I get is a busy signal whenever I dial his number.The sign by the road says “No Parking”Youd better make a mark where you have a question.A dove is the symbol of peace.【例5】I was driving around the corner when a policeman _to me to stop.AshowedBexpressed Csigned Dwarned解析：选C。sign to sb. to do sth.招手示意某人做某事。语境为“警察打手势让我停车。”6 in terms of 据；依照；就而言(回归课本P9)In terms of size and population，how big is the European Union compared with China?在面积与人口方面，欧盟与中国相比有多大？例句探源In terms of customer satisfaction，the policy cannot be criticized.说到顾客的满意情况，这个政策无可挑剔。In their terms，cutting government spending is the most important thing.根据他们的观点，削减政府开支是最重要的事情。What they have done is good for the environment in the long term.从长远来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。【例6】(高考江苏卷)This special school accepts all disabled students，_educational level and background.Aaccording toBregardless ofCin addition to Din terms of解析：选B。考查介词短语。句意：这所特殊的学校招收所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育水平或背景。regardless of“不管，不顾”，符合题意。【例7】_achievement，last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO had earned a low，though not failing，grade.AIn terms of BIn case ofBAs a result of DIn face of解析：选A。句意是：就成就而言，上周的WTO部长级会议虽然没有失败，但是收效甚微。在题中，in terms of意为“就而言”；in case of万一；as a result of作为的结果；in face of面对。7. on the other hand另一方面；反过来说(回归课本P9)In France，on the other hand，the head of state is a president.而另一方面，在法国，政府的首脑是总统。归纳总结on the one hand.，on the other hand.一方面，另一方面,at hand接近的，不远的,by hand用手工,In hand在处理之中,hand in hand手牵手，携手,Hands up！举起手来！例句探源He is an able man，but _ he demands too much of people.他是一个能干的人，但是另一方面，他对人要求太多了。On the one hand，some host families are losing their unique selling point. On the other hand，students expectations have risen.一方面，有些寄宿家庭正逐渐失去他们唯一的卖点另一方面，学生的期望也增加了。【例8】I would like a job which pays more， but_，I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment.Ain other words Bon the other handCfor one thing Das a matter of fact解析：选B。on the other hand常被用来比较两个不同的事情或观点，常与on the one hand连用；for one thing常与and for another连用表示“一来二来”，常用来列举理由；in other words表示“换句话说”；as a matter of fact表示“事实上”。根据句意“我想得到一份薪水更高的工作，但从另一方面来说，我非常喜欢我现在的工作。”可知应选B。【例9】Father and mother wanted to go for a ride，but_，the children wanted to stay at home and play with their friends.Aon the other hand Bon another handCin other ways Das a result解析：选A。A表示“另一方面”；B无这种搭配；C表示“用其他办法”；D表示“结果”。本句意为“父母想开车出去，而另一方面，孩子们却想呆在家里和朋友们玩。”所以选A。句型梳理8.【教材原句】Twenty percent of the country is covered by islands.(P1)这个国家的百分之二十被岛屿所覆盖。【句法分析】本句的主语是百分数Twenty percent，谓语动词是is covered。分数或百分数作主语时，谓语的单复数要与分数或百分数所指代的名词保持一致。在这一句话中，is covered与the country一致，故用单数。Twofifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.那个地区有五分之二的面积被草木覆盖。More than thirty percent of the students are from Africa.多于百分之三十的学生是非洲人。【例10】We have fifty workshops in our factory，but only one fifth _able to be used and the rest _ empty.Ais；stands Bare；stand Cwas；stood Dwere；stood解析：选B。考查主谓一致和时态。带有分数、百分数的名词短语或相当于分数、百分数的some(of.)，most(of.)，the rest (of.)等作主语时，根据of后名词的单复数来确定谓语的单复数，若将of短语省略，要根据前边出现过的它们所指代的名词的单复数确定谓语的单复数，此题中前边的名词workshops为复数名词，谓语应该用复数；根据第一分句的时态判断出第二分句也应该采用一般现在时。【例11】The company had about 20 notebook computers but only onethird _used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere解析：选D。此处onethird指的是computers，故为复数；从和now对比中可知，这说的是过去的事了。【课后提升案】I单词拼写请根据汉语或首字母提示写出符合句意的最佳词汇。1. The United Kingdom is an island in northwest Europe off the coast of c_(大陆)Europe.2. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffile Tower, the famous _(象征)of Paris.3. Athens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western _(文明).4. Their work has _(影响) other writers ever since.5. There were a lot of good writers in _（古老）Athens.6. France is Europes third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English C_.7. Paris is the capital and largest city of France, s_ on the river Seine.8. One of the worlds largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also l_ in Paris.9. The a _ movement called the Renaissance began in Florence.10.The Church of the Sagrada Familia was designed by an a_ called Antonio Gaudi.II单句改错 下列句子中每句各有一处错误，请在错误处划线，并将正确的答案填写在句后横线处。1. The book belongs to myself. 1._2. The story was happened in the nineteenth century. 2._3. In the UK, for example, head of the state is king or queen. 3._4. In terms of size and population, how big is the European Unioncomparing with China? 4._5. Neither Anny nor Helen are English. 5._6. They each has a dictionary. 6._7. Neither of the girls come from England. 7._8. Paris is situated off the River Seine. 8._9. Italy is to the south of Europe. 9._10.All the buildings were built faced south. 10._III句型转换根据A句句意，完成B句。1. A: The United Kingdom has four countries with one government. B: The United Kingdom_ four countries with one government.2. A: Paris is the largest city of France. B: Paris is _city in France.3. A: Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance. B: Florence is an Italian city which became famous_ the Renaissance.4. A: Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. B: Buildings, _, the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill, were built during this period.5. A: Little by little, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century. B: _, the number_ during the second half of the twentieth century.IV单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. He suddenly saw Smith _ the room. He pushed his way _ the crowd of people to get to her.(2005湖南卷)A. across; across B. over; throughC. over; into D. across; through 2. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday_ yet.A. are decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided3. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川卷) A. Faced